International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Vol. 8, Issue 1, pp: (131-135), Month: April 2020 - September 2020, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
Correlation between Anxiety and Insomnia among Medical Student of Udayana University Class of 2016 Muhammad Ariff Zafri1 1
Medical Student of Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
2,3
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
Abstract: Anxiety is becoming more common condition among adolescents and university students in Indonesia. Insomnia is also a common issue among the academic population in Indonesia. The increase in anxiety and insomnia can be linked to the increased stress of student life and activities. This research aims to identify the correlation between anxiety and insomnia among medical students at Faculty of Medicine Udayana University years of study 2019. The study design was cross-sectional observational analysis is done by distributing questionnaires to 144 respondents conducted in March 2020. Insomnia is measured by KSPBJ-Insomnia Rating Scale (KSPBJ-IRS) and anxiety by Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS21). Samples were taken by simple random sampling technique. Analysis of data using SPSS version 23 by chi square test. The result showed that only 25.4% of students had insomnia. However, the result showed that 56.3% of students had anxiety. A cross tabulation report that 45.7% of respondents who experienced insomnia also experienced anxiety. There is a moderate correlation between anxiety and insomnia among medical students (r=0,522; p=0.000). Therefore, it needs concern to know health impacts. Keywords: Anxiety, anxiety disorder, insomnia, sleep disturbances, correlation, medical students.
1. INTRODUCTION Anxiety is an emotion characterized by feelings of tension, worried thoughts that might be triggered by events that threaten the inidividual. Other than emotional changes, anxiety can cause physical changes like sweating, trembling, dizziness, rapid heartbeat, and increased blood pressure. People with anxiety disorders usually have recurring intrusive thoughts or concerns.[1] The prevalence of anxiety disorders in general population is 7.3%. A systemic review concluded that prevalence of anxiety is 5.3% in African countries while the prevalence of anxiety is 10.4% in European and Western countries.[2] Individuals from Indo/Asian cultures reported the lowest prevalence at 2.8%. [3] Insomnia is a common condition characterized by difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, accompanied by symptoms such as irritability or fatigue during wakefulness. The prevalence of insomnia disorder is approximately 10-20%, with approximately 50% having a chronic course.[4] Insomnia is the most prevalent sleep disorder in adolescencent individuals with a 10.7% lifetime and a 9.4% current prevalence according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) fourth edition (DSM-IV).[5] Prevalence of insomnia in China with a total of 17 studies with 115,988 participants is 15.0%.[6] A study conducted in Turkey reported the prevalence of insomnia to be 51%. [7] Difficulty in initiating sleep is also strongly associated with anxiety.[8] The greater the severeity of anxiety the higher the incidence of insomnia.[9] A recent systemic review research concluded that majority of researches agree there is a plausible bidirectionality between sleep disturbances and anxiety.[10] A case-control study in China in 2018 showed that patients with paradoxical insomnia amd psychophysiological insomnia had significantly higher mean Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) scores campared to normal sleepers that took the SAS.[11] A cross-sectional designed study conducted at Saint-Joseph University, Lebanon with the objective examine the relationship between students with sleep disrorders and anxiety. Results show
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