International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Vol. 8, Issue 1, pp: (53-58), Month: April 2020 - September 2020, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
BULLYING BEHAVIOR AFFECT TO COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN PUNGGUL VILLAGE Cindy Anastasia Okhotan1, I Gusti Ngurah Bagus Rai Mulya Hartawan, Esther Ivana Okhotan, Ida Ayu Mas Prabhasuari2 1
Program of Medicine and Doctor Profession, Medical Faculty of Udayana University, Denpasar,Bali
2
Program of Nursing Science and Nurse Profession, Medical Faculty, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali
Abstract: Bullying is a repeated, conscious action that harms others due to an imbalance in power between the perpetrator and the victim. Based on the KPAI (Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia) from 2011 to August 2014, there were 369 complaints related to bullying, which a quarter of total complaints were bullying in the school environment. Bullying can affect children's development and cause other problems in the children's life. Various studies have shown a correlation of bullying behavior both as perpetrators and victims with cognitive deficits. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of bullying behavior to the cognitive development of elementary school students in Punggul Village. This study is an observational analytic study using the crosssectional method. Total sampling was 64 respondents using consecutive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria in the population. The results of the study show a significant relationship between bullying status of children who are the perpetrator of bullying towards cognitive development (p = <0.01) with moderate correlation (r = -0.579). There is also a significant relationship between bullying status of children who are victims of bullying towards cognitive development (p = <0.01) with moderate correlation (r = -0.444). The conclusion is there a relation between bullying behavior and cognitive development of elementary school students in Punggul Village. Implementation of strategies to suppress bullying in schools needs to be improved to reduce the possibility of bullying. Keywords: Bullying, Cognitive, Elementary School.
I. INTRODUCTION Education is an essential process in developing children's potential. Through the education process, children are expected to improve their talent and form their personality. A school is an ideal place for children's education. In school, children can learn many things to enhance not only their cognitive potential but also their psychosocial, moral, and emotional abilities.1 However, the school can also become a stressor that can interfere with children's development because of the existence of bullying behavior in school.1 Some research results show that bullying behavior is a serious problem that occurs in children. The results of a survey conducted by C.S. Mott Children's Hospital National found that bullying was included in the top 10 health problems on children prove the high incidence and serious impact on children. 2 Bullying is a behavior characterized by taking actions harmful to others, accompanied by an imbalance of power between the perpetrators and victims. This behavior includes physical actions such as kicking, punching, biting, threatening, harassing, isolating, and spreading issues through electronic devices or cyberbullying. 3 The prevalence of bullying in schools in several Asian, American, and European countries is estimated to be around 8% -50%.4 While in Indonesia, KPAI noted from 2011 to August 2014, there were 369 complaints related to bullying issues, which a quarter of total
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