ISSN 2348-313X (Print) International Journal of Life Sciences Research ISSN 2348-3148 (online) Vol. 8, Issue 1, pp: (12-20), Month: January - March 2020, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
INFLUENCE OF ANIMAL PROTEIN INGREDIENT ON GROWTH FACTORS OF TWO MAJOR CARPS, LABEO ROHITA AND CIRRHINUS MRIGALA Bhilave, M.P Division of Fisheries Science, Department of Zoology Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416 004, India mpb_zoo@unishivaji.ac.in
Abstract: Fishes are known as healthy food items; they are an excellent protein source that also delivers various minerals and vitamins necessary for good health. Scientists reported that societies with high fish intake have considerably lower rates of acute myocardial infarctions, other ischemic heart diseases and atherosclerosis. The present availability of protein is much below the minimum daily requirements and the livestock sector alone will not be able to meet the protein requirements of ever increasing human population. Fish is an excellent and relatively a cheaper protein source of high biological value. Therefore its use may help bridge the protein gap because of its multifarious economic advantages and nutritional significance. Fish proteins contain all the essential amino acids (not synthesized and need to be provided in the diet) in the required proportion and hence have a high nutritional value, which contribute to their high biological value. Cereal proteins are usually low in lysine and/or the sulphur-containing amino acids like methionine and cysteine, whereas fish protein is an excellent source of amino acids. In diet based mainly on serials a supplements based on fish therefore raise the biological value significantly. The chemical score or amino acid score of fish protein compares well with that of whole egg protein which is considered a standard protein source and slightly more than that of cow’s milk Similarly the protein efficiency ratio of fish proteins is 3.5 against that of egg protein (3.9), beef (2.3) and milk protein (2.5).Fish is also rich in the non-protein amino acid taurine, which has a unique role in neurotransmission. Evaluation of growth factors is the best way to judge the acceptability and suitability of artificial feed for fish hence the present investigation was carried out to study the influence of earthworm protein on freshwater fishes. Keywords: earthworm, growth factors, and freshwater fish.
1. INTRODUCTION Fish, like other animals, have requirements for the essential nutrients such as proteins, carbohydrates, fatty acids, vitamins and minerals in their diets, in order to grow properly (Lovell, 1989). When fish is placed in an artificial environment (culture practices), feed containing these essential nutrients must be supplied for better growth. Conversely the feed may be given as supplementary feed, where part of the nutritional needs is supplied by natural feeds present in the aquatic environment (Burel, et al 1996).Basically animal protein has a balanced combination of all the amino acids; as it is called “complete protein”. Protein is one of the basic components of animal tissues which constitute 45 to 47 % tissue dry matter (Murai, 1992). Therefore, it is an essential nutrient for body maintenance and growth of fishes. Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) is an appropriate way to judge the acceptability and suitability of artificial feed for fish. In animal husbandry, Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Feed Conversion Rate, and Feed Conversion Efficiency (FCE), is a
Page | 12 Research Publish Journals