ISSN 2348-1218 (print) International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations ISSN 2348-1226 (online) Vol. 8, Issue 1, pp: (150-156), Month: January - March 2020, Available at: www.researchpublish.com
Growth and Yield of Parameters of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) as Affected by Rates of Starforce and Bentaforce at Bali, Taraba State 1
Talaka, A., 2Dio, F. C., 3Tukura, J. P.
Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal Technology Bali, Taraba State.
Abstract: Field experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal Polytechnic Bali, Taraba State in 2018 cropping season with the view to find out the influence of starforce and bentaforce rates on the growth and yield parameters of soybean. The experiment was carried out using split plot design with spacing assign to main plot treatment and herbicides rates as sub plot treatment. The main plot treatments were: 35 x 20 cm, 40 x 25 cm, 45 x 30 cm and 50 x 35 cm and the sub plot treatments were: 0 kg a. i. /ha, 4 kg a. i. /ha, 6 kg a. i. /ha and 8 kg a. i. /ha replicated four times. Result obtained showed that herbicides rates of 6 and 8 kg a. i. /ha performed better in all the parameters measured during the experiment. This was because the rates control weeds better allowing plants to use growth resources without competition. When plants were well spaced and weeded free, there will be no competition between to plants and weeds. All the parameters measured performed better at higher dose indicating that the dose were optimum dose for weed control in Bali. Therefore, considering the optimum rates in this research, farmers should adopt 6-8 kg a. i. /ha of post-emergence herbicides (starforce and bentaforce) for weed control in Bali that leads to higher growth of soybean plant and subsequently leading higher yields. Keywords: growth, yield, parameters, starforce and bentaforce.
1. INTRODUCTION Soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill), belongs to the family leguminoseae. It is believed to have originated in Eastern Asia, probably in North and Central China but now have spread in many parts of the world including Nigeria (F. A. O., 1988 and F. A. O., 2001). It is herbaceous annual legume, usually erect, bushy and rather leafy which originated in China. The crop has a relatively short growth duration due to its sensitivity to short day length in the tropics (Norman et al., 1995). Soybeans is widely distributed in most parts of the world, the crop has a lot of potential in Africa (Steve and Jonathan, 2001). It is frost sensitive, thrive best on sandy or clay loams and alluvial soils of good fertility and the optimum soil PH for soybean cultivation ranges from 6.0-6.5 (Adetiloye et al., 2000). Soybeans is primarily an industrial crop cultivated for oil and protein. Despite the relatively low oil content of the seed, it is still the largest source of edible oil and account for roughly 50% of the total oil seeds production of the world (F. A. O., 1988). It is generally known that the seed of soybean contains the highest and richest protein among oil cultivated legumes (F. A. O., 1989). Worldwide interest and attention in soybean is mainly due to its high nutritional value and seed protein content (Tiamigu and Idowu, 2001). Soybean has a composition of protein content of over 40%, edible vegetable oil content of 20.5%, carbohydrates content of about 30.5%, a total sugar content of about 10% and an ash content of
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