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AUSTRALIAN FORESTERS in PAPUA NEW GUINEA 1922-1975

PNGAF MAGAZINE ISSUE # 9B -5B4M1 of 21st August 2021 FOREST MANAGEMENT. Eminent TPNG Forester Dick McCarthy

Editor R B McCarthy1 2021. 1

Dick McCarthy District Forester TPNG Forests 1963-1975 & PNG 1995-2015.

OVERVIEW AUSTRALIAN TPNG FORESTRY CADETSHIP SCHEME2 1948 to 1963 After the Second World War, a cadetship scheme was undertaken by the Australian Department of Territories to train Australian Forest Scientists to ensure sufficient professional staff for the purposes of creating a functional Forest Department for TPNG.

Surname

Positions

Edward Charles Gordon Gray (NG) Alexander John Hart (NG) Donald Henry McIntosh (NG4) Kevin Joseph White (Q) Robin Levingston (NSW) Jaroslav Joseph Havel (WA)5 Robin Bilbrough Morwood (NG) Frank Harry Coppock (NG) Elliot Carby Tuckwell (NG) John Godlee (NG)6 Ian Grundy (NG) Eric Hammermaster (Q/NG) Des Harries (NG) Gerry Vickers (NG) Alan Cameron (Q)7 John Smith (NG) Brian O’Hagen (NG) Neil Brightwell (NSW) Alan White (NG)

TPNG Cadetship 1948 1946 1946 Qld 1953 1952 1953 1953 1954 1955 1955 1955 1955 1956 1956 1956 1960 1960

AFS 1950/51 1950/51 1950/51 1950/51 1952/53 1953/54 1955/56 1956/57 1956/57 1957/58 1958/59 1958/59 1958/59 1958/59 1959/60 1959/60 1959/60 1960/61 1960/61

Year graduation 1952 1952 1952 1952 1954 1955 1957 1958 1958 1959 1960 1960 1960 1960 1961 1961 1961 1962 1962

The appointments of Australian TPNG Forestry Cadets were summarized in LT Carron’s book in 2000 titled “A brief history of the Australian Forestry School (AFS)”. 3 Cadet Forest Officer pamphlet courtesy Des Harries TPNG Forests 1955-1976. 4 Don McIntosh Third Director of Forests PNG. TPNG Forests 1946-1973. 5 Joe Havel First Principal Bulolo Forestry College. TPNG Forests 1953-1965. 6 John Godlee fourth Principal Bulolo Forestry College. TPNG Forests 1955-1980. 7 Alan Cameron Schlich 1960. TPNG Forests 1956-1970.

Leon Clifford (NSW)8 1958 1961/62 Evan Shield (NG) 1958 1961/62 John Lake (NG) 1962/63 Ian Currie (NG) 1963/64 John Harrison (NG) Medi vac out Last field 1961 1964/65 Chris Borough (NG) Field year year for 1960 1964/65 Bob Bruce (NG) no field year cadetships 1961 1964/65 Rex Grattidge (NG) no field year 1961 1964/65 9 John Davidson (NG) 1962 1965/66 Paul Ryan (NG) 1962 1965/66 Rod Holesgrove (NG) 1963 1965/66 Jim Belford (C) 1966 1966/67 Dick McCarthy (NG) 1963 1966/67 Dave Num (C) 1965 1966/67 R G Lyons (NG) 1965 1966/67 Gary Archer (NG) 1966 1967/68 Chris Done (NG) 1966 1967/68 Ken Hart (NG) 1963 1967/68 Ian Whyte (C) 1966 1967/68 Footnotes TPNG - Territory of Papua New Guinea, NG - New Guinea, Q – Queensland, WA – Western Australia, NSW - New South Wales, C – Commonwealth, AFS - Australian Forestry School, BFC - Bulolo Forestry College.

1963 1963 1964 1965 1966 1966 1966 1966 1967 1967 1967 1968 1968 1968 1968 1969 1969 1969 1969

2021. Richard (Dick) McCarthy is a highly experienced operational forester with postgraduate qualifications in forest management. His many years of experience (especially PNG – Dept of Forests; PNG Forest Industries Association and Australia as Operations Manager APM Forests - AMCOR) in forest management and plantation development in the public and private forestry sectors, in both temperate and tropical forestry is recognized globally. He is the Managing Director and Principal Consultant of McCarthy & Associates (Forestry), a global forest consulting and contracting practice. 1971 Tiauru Pandi Resource Survey North Coast New Britain. Photo credit R B McCarthy.

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Leon Clifford Second Principal Bulolo Forestry College. TPNG Forests 1958-1975. John Davidson Schlich Medal 1966; First Forestry Professor UNITECH. TPNG Forests 1962-1980.

MY STORY EARLY DAYS I was born in Canowindra NSW where my grandfather had a large farming property. My father was in Bouganville during the Second World War. I was apparently six months old before I first saw him. As my father was a primary school headmaster, when he returned from the war, we moved to Springside State School near Orange where we spent the next thirteen years.

I can recall there being no electricity, the kero fridge, a well with a windmill for water, the kitten falling down the pit toilet where my elder sister made me retrieve it but after washing it in hot water it departed this world; eating all the crust of the weekly bread delivery and then saying that is how the baker left the bread. After completing my primary schooling under my father at Springside State and then one year at Orange State school, I was dispatched off to Hurlstone Agricultural High School as a boarder. Springside State School 1984. Dick, son Rod and daughter Llewellyn McCarthy. Photo credit Dick McCarthy. Secondary Schooling I spent my secondary school years at Hurlstone Agriculture High School, Glenfield Sydney (1958-62) where I completed the NSW Leaving Certificate.

Photo - Dick McCarthy enroute from Avoca State School Moss Vale back to Hurlstone 1962. Photo credit Dick McCarthy. 10

Cartoon from Bob Brown’s Grass Roots Guide to PNG Pidgin South Pacific Post.

Every school holidays by steam train, I travelled between Sydney and Orange with the train always stopping in Blayney in the middle of the frosty night. During this period my father was transferred to Moss Vale to the Avoca State School.The frosty school holiday train trips simply moved from Orange to Moss Vale without any change in night temperature. A complete aversion to bread and butter custard which seemed to be on the menu every other day. Tertiary Education At the end of my secondary schooling in 1962, I was successful in winning a Territory of Papua New Guinea (TPNG) Forest Cadetship. This scholarship covered my training to undertake a Degree in Forestry in Australia and then work in TPNG. The requirement of this Cadetship was to be bonded for five years working in TPNG. This included a change re field work requirements which meant every long vacation to be spent in PNG. (This plan was to hopefully get graduates one year earlier – a commitment I did not meet as you will see). My first year at Sydney University in 1963 was a wonderful beer drinking time which did little for one’s academic success. I do recall the classic, where after five years living away from home in spartan boarding school conditions, my mother insisting I board rather than live in a flat. That boarding lasted 3 weeks until the first forestry function when one returned to the accommodation slightly worst for wear. My first trip to TPNG in 1963 was to Kerevat, New Britain with cadets Rod Holesgrove and Ken Hart where we were put under the spiritual guidance of OIC Kerevat Des Harries11 (an excellent Christmas Day host). 12

Memorable events of that three months include part of the plane trip being in a catalina which landed on Sydney Harbour; getting lost travelling from Rabaul to Kerevat because an earth tremor so shook the kunai on one of the many airstrips that one had to traverse, that we could not find the exit track; buying two weeks supply of food and asking the haus boi to cook meals – which he did all in one go – end of that haus boi and our food supplies; studying the walls of the Kerevat golf club;we fly home via the milk run Rabaul via Kavieng, Manus, Madang and Goroka to Lae in a DC3.

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Des Harries TPNG Forests 1955-1976. Ken Hart TPNG Forests 1963-1998, Rod Holesgrove 1963-1971. Cartoon from Bob Brown’s Grass Roots Guide to PNG Pidgin South Pacific Post.

1964 in repeating first year, the fittest I have ever been, with a work program of picking up potatoes and milking cows on Moss Vale farms, earned me sufficient funds to actually study and pass all exams (Much to the relief of the Department of Territories and my parents.) My second trip back to PNG was a more suitable reception having passed the year. I was posted to Brown River under the spiritual guidance of OIC Alan White. 16

Memorable events included racing car driver Alan White’s17 trips to and from the Commonwealth Dept. of Works Four Mile Club; being directed to pull a python by it’s tail off the road; the expat owner of Port Moresby Buses who lived near the Brown River turning up at the forestry cadets’ donga one night with a saucpan of spagetti stuck on his head. We dumbly asked him how did that occur and his reply “ When I got home and asked what was for dinner; wife said spagetti and I said not bloody spagetti again and then she exploded and dumped it all on my head including the saucepan which stuck.” Later it tranpires that the real reason his wife went ballistic was that he had stayed drinking in town for the third day running and yet again forgotten the grocery shopping. During this sojurn, Dick joined cadet forester Paul Ryan for spiritual guidance in Milne Bay, for marking the Sagarai Gadaisu Timber Concession boundaries. Mariawatte Plantation Sagarai-Gadaisu TA. Photo credit Ian Whyte 1976. Paul Ryan18 described someone having some faith in him taking over the marking task as Chris Brown was unavailable. Paul was sent back with one cadet forest officer, Dick McCarthy to finish the boundaries. 13 14

Derelict sawmill Kerevat 1967/68. Photo credit John Davidson. E deglupta (kamarere) plantations Kerevat.

Cadet report Kerevat

Cartoon from Bob Brown’s Grass Roots Guide to PNG Pidgin South Pacific Post.

Alan White TPNG Forests 1956-1976 Paul Ryan TPNG Forests 1962-1972.

Paul described Dick as a rather tall and lean character, (not now) with a walking pace through the bush that almost left him running to keep up. 19

After flying in to Alotau, Paul and Dick again headed over into the Sagarai Valley. This time they took a different and supposedly shorter route, omitting the boat ride across the Bay and starting their walking from a village just to the east of Alotau. The distance to be walked was about 20 km as the crow flies, but more like 30 by the time they had negotiated the narrow, often muddy track up ridges and along streams through the ubiquitous rain forest. This time the relief porters did not meet the initial team of porters at the first village boundary. Apparently, the word about the porter requirements had not been communicated as Paul had requested. So, what to do? Well, it occurred to Dick and Paul, that, as the first team of carriers were unwilling to continue for the whole journey, there were two options. They could either go back and try to organize things from the start again or leave the goods by the side of the track, under cover, and return for them as quickly as they could. They were mainly food and their own personal gear, as the camping equipment had been left at the plantation when Paul departed for Christmas. Half-a-day’s walk back to the starting point and having to repeat the exercise the following day did not thrill Paul and Dick, so they placed the various items under a tarpaulin close to the track and set off on their own to the plantation. Dick and Paul each carried their own kit bags, weighing some 15 kg, as well as an extra bag of something. Paul had a 10 kg bag of sugar balanced on his shoulder. It was a bit tough with this added, unbalanced, weight to carry, but they made the next 10 to 15 km to Sagarai Plantation in about 4 hours. Paul wondered whether they would ever see the rest of the goods as the temptation must have been high among the local villagers to pinch a few items, given the assortment of food and other goodies. Paul had warned the first bunch of carriers that if anything was missing, we would know where to send the police. Nevertheless, Paul was sweating blood as we walked back the next day with some porters hired from the plantation, hoping like crazy he had made the right decision. As it turned out the local villagers were either a trustworthy lot, sufficiently wary of his threats, or just lucky they or nobody else passing decided to raid the stores, because as Paul and Dick came up the track to the bend where they had left the stores, they seemed to be intact. And so, they were, thank goodness. It would not have done for Paul’s first venture as a team leader to lose most of the rations. That would have not only been embarrassing, but would have meant delays as we arranged for extra supplies to be sent in. Paul and Dick spent several weeks roaming the ridges at the back of Sagarai, camping out overnight on occasions or returning to the comfort of the plantation house. By the end of January, they had finished and were ready to head back, first to Port Moresby, and then down to Australia and a continuation of their forestry studies. 1965 second year at Sydney University. Back on the cadetship and making sure I did not lose it again, completed and passed all subjects which meant that in 1966 I would be moving to the Australian Forestry School in Canberra. I was posted to Bulolo on my third trip back to PNG Bulolo under the spiritual guidance of OIC John Godlee.20

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Cartoon from Bob Brown’s Grass Roots Guide to PNG Pidgin South Pacific Post. John Godlee TPNG Forests 1955-1980.

Our accommodation and messing was at the Bulolo Forestry College. Yet, I still have a liking for kau kau and pumpkin as we moved to an almost vegan diet. Studying the rock piles of the Bulolo Valley in 1965. This second-hand ute was only good for daylight travel as the headlights kept falling off but we could still drive to the Pine Lodge Hotel. Pine Lodge Hotel Haus Win Bar and lounge. Photo credit John Davidson 1963.

Su Su’s Bulolo forests natural araucaria stands. Bulolo Forest Station and nursery.

PNG Forests sawmill Complex. PNG Plymill (formerly CNGT). Photo credit Linda Cavanaugh Manning.

Cadet report. Loading Hoop/Klinkii plywood logs Bulolo 1965. Photo credit University of Queensland. Photographer Kathleen Vellacott-Jones.

Cartoon from Bob Brown’s Grass Roots Guide to PNG Pidgin South Pacific Post.

1966/67 The great years at the Australian Forestry School (AFS) Canberra. As a trumpeter in the Canberra Day Procession Theme - Prince Charlie at Timbertop.

Celebrating the only football win of our time with Dick Passauer.

1967 Year at Australian Forestry School (AFS) in front of the Forestry School Building Yarralumla Canberra. Dick McCarthy back row fifth from left; front row third from left Dave Num and Jim Belford front row seventh from left. Photo credit Dick McCarthy. April 2013 reunion of 1967 AFS final year (LR): Front Row John Wood, Ross Smith, Dick Passauer, Michael Cooper, Brian Cumberland, Paula Reid, Dave Num, James Dale, Joe Stellar, Back Row L to R; Don Hobson, Dick McCarthy, Peter Harper, Tony Howe, Dennis Mutton, Brian Salter, John Riggs, John Van Pelt. Photo credit Dick Passauer.

1968 ANU Graduation Finally made it to graduation.

Then the Bureaucratic Blunders of Federal Politics and me. Given I was in the first National Service call up of 1965 (which had been deferred for two years whilst completing tertiary studies), the Department of Territories Canberra asking another Federal Department – the Department of Labour and National Service that I be allowed to take up duties in PNG on completion of my University Studies and be excused from National Service Commitments.

The response by the Department of Labour and National Service was that you front up to Kapooka on the 7th Day of February 1968 for recruit training or legal action will be taken. Besides that there will be no make up of salary and you must still work off your five year Bond at the completion of National Service in TPNG. Territories then wanted me to take leave on student pay. This directive I refused and they had to find me work for three months at the CSIRO Forest Research Institute Canberra until 7th February 1968.

Now off to the Army one goes, with a short hair cut which was cut again and four soon to be departed wisdom teeth. Recruit Training Kapooka

I can attribute to loss of any wisdom genes I may have had to my army recruit training. On the first day everyone is being checked for medical and dental condition. I will never forget the line of dentists and the one checking me saying “this one still has all his wisdom teeth? “ the next thing is that all my wisdom teeth were extracted. I was given one afternoon off on light duties to keep the dust out of the barrack during a dust storm but you were not allowed to close the window because that would break a regulation. Come in spinner. The other memorable moment was my continual failure at physical education as I could not and still cannot do arm pull ups. I was put on detention but all to no avail. Next stop was Singleton for infantry training. Here everyone ready to depart for Vietnam.

Singleton NSW 1968 at completion of infantry training ready for Vietnam. Photo credit Dept of Army.

Article in South Coast Register of 28/8/68 describing the change of events where, out of the blue, with one week to go before being shipped off to Vietnam; I am directed to now go back to TPNG as an education instructor with the rank of Sergeant. Press article re undertaking an intensive orientation course at the School of Pacific Administration at Middle Head Mosman.

New clothes, new sergeant stripes and my elder sister making sure I get on the plane to Port Moresby. Much to the ongoing disgust of the Department of Forests TPNG, I now spent the next eighteen months (1968/69) at Igam Barrack Lae PNG. The task was to run transition courses for furthering the skills of selected PNG army cadets prior to them undergoing Officer training in Australia at Portsea Victoria.

1968 – 69 PNG: Adult Education Instructor (Rank Sergeant) National Service Pacific Islands Regiment Igam Barracks Lae PNG. Much of my time was spent as Secretary of the Sergeants Mess at Igam Barracks as we did not always have students to educate. (Yet one had to wear starched greens to work each day and the starch soon dissolved in the heat). Memorable moments included: Launching the company flag upside down (which excluded me from any further flag raising). During the three monthly stocktake of everything on the army base (this seemed to be one of the major tasks of the Army) advising a crusty old Warrant Officer when checking on the electrical appliances in one married quarters that the serial number of the fridge was one dozen eggs. He exploded as we had to go and get another form and explain why that form was incorrect and had to be replaced. When the RSM of Igam Barracks was stopped from entering the Lae RSL by a “Bank Johnny”, all noncommissioned and commissioned officers were banned from using the RSL as the RSM put it off limits. During travels when a National Service person, no RSL club would accept National Service men; travelling to and from PNG we were always sent to the end of the queue.

Plain Clothes Assignment Vanimo border 1969 Whilst at Igam Barracks in 1969, I was dispatched in plain clothes with another Sergeant to Vanimo due to the “ Indonesian emergency”. The classic was that only the army personnel had short hair cuts and after six pm had to wear long trousers and long sleeve shirts because of mosquitoes.We stood out.

Finally on the 6th of February 1970 I was discharged after two years from 7th February 1968. I almost did not get discharged as the final dental check in Sydney was being conducted by an ex Hurlstone Secondary School colleague – Graham McLennan. I refused to let him look in my mouth as I had been to school with him for five years. I understand from recent stories that the same dentist looks after the teeth of the Light Horse mounted army volunteers at Orange NSW. So I was right not to let him look back then either. Now a return to actual employment with the Department of Forests and a five year Bond still to work off. Headquarters of Department of Forests Konedobu till 1971. Photo Credit Cliff Southwell22.

For the next two years (1970-72) I was assigned to the Resources Assessment Section headquarted in Port Moresby. It was responsible for large-scale forest resource investigations; development of land use and forestry development plans with a directive to compile the forest 22

Cliff Southwell TPNG Forests 1957-1976.

resources of TPNG through assessment of the natural rainforest. Projects in 1970-72 included undertaking the development of specific industrial wood using plans for Gogol, Tiauru Pandi, Open Bay and Vanimo timber areas incorporating major pulpwood studies with CSIRO Melbourne. This work took me all over the Islands from Milne Bay, to Gogol Madang to Vanimo to New Britain. Madang and Vanimo Surveys, 1970. Under the spiritual guidance of Big Ev (Evan Shield) all the young foresters were engaged in two major surveys to assess the sawlog and pulpwood resources of the Gogol Madang and Vanimo Timber areas. At the same time a major wood sample collection from both areas was undertaken by CSIRO for timber testing of tropical species especially for pulp production. 23Where

are

we? Which side of the border in Vanimo are we on?? Why are those planes continuing to chase us? Vanimo Survey 1970. Vanimo Survey 1970 Dick McCarthy with (“Big Ev”) Evan Shield24 at the scales at Ossima/ airstrip optimising pulpwood samples for loads for the Cessna trips. Photo Credit Ian Whyte.

Dick McCarthy participating in ceremonial burning of the haus pec-pec at the Base Camp (comment by Ian “your effort at putting the fire out did not work”). 1970 Vanimo Survey Ossima.

Vanimo Survey 1970. Photo credit Ian Whyte. Evan Shield TPNG Forests 1958-1971. 25 Vanimo Survey 1970. Photo credit Ian Whyte. 24

Tiauru Pandi September to November 1971 In 1971, I was dispatched as O.I.C. (officer in charge) with Bob McKeowen as Senior Draftsman to undertake a major investigation of the timber resources of the Tiauru Pandi Area North Coast of New Britain26 where areas were to be converted to oil palm plantations. Bialla Dick McCarthy 1971 We did find a tree or two at Bialla. Photo Credit DOF PNG.

Dick McCarthy, Bob McKeowen27, and Francis Tigi, Tiauru Pandi Resource Survey 1971. Photo Credit Dept of Forests PNG 1971.

Tiauru Pandi Land Use Plan New Britain by DASF and Dept of Forests 1971.

Mount Ulawun Volcano. Photo credit John Davidson28. Map by Bob McKeowen Senior Draftsman DOF Tiauru Pandi Vegetation Types 1971.

Development Plan for the Tiauru Pandi Timber area, West New Britain." Dept of Forests publication Papua New Guinea 1971.

Bob McKeowen TPNG Forests 1967-1976. John Davidson TPNG Forests 1962-1980.

Open Bay Survey 1972 1972 saw much action in New Britain with the interest in the Open Bay Timber Concession. The final report was titled "Development Plan for the Open Bay Timber Area, West New Britain." Dept. of Forests publication Papua New Guinea 1972.

Photo Credit Dick McCarthy 1972 re Open Bay H Furukewa, K Mestsura, John Buchann, Dick McCarthy, Alan White. Memorable moments include hosting Bill Evans of UNILEVER to assess the Open Bay Timber Concession. He was so keen to view what was there after we had completed a large-scale forest inventory that Johnson Mantu and myself accompanied Bill Evans when we walked from Open Bay to Wide Bay. We dispatched the launch that had brought us down the coast to the Wide Bay side to meet us in approx. 10 days’ time. It appeared that no one had done that crossing since World War 2. We crossed so many tribal land boundaries that we ended up carrying little of the supplies we started out with as carriers continually deserted us. In the hills we came across abandoned coast watchers’ caves still with ration tins in them. On the Wide Bay side, we came across slit trenches with abandoned weapons as rifles, swords etc. By this time, we were so buggered, all we wanted to do was find the launch we had dispatched some two weeks previously. I am not sure how many trees we found as UNILEVER did not take up the concession.

Before the start of this walk, Bill Lever had left his laundry behind at the Papua Hotel in POM. He asked me to collect and bring to Rabaul. However, my luggage went missing on that flight together with his laundry. I had to buy some new clothes with funds from the airline before going bush. One year later, the suitcase was delivered to me in POM still with his laundry inside. The case had been to London and back to PNG as the only name was Bill Evans on the laundry slip. I decided that by then I had earned the right to utilise the contents of the laundry package as it had kept following me. (I detest clothes shopping at any time), However, to this day the most gratifying thing is that the Japanese investors established kamarere plantations at Open Bay and they continue to harvest the plantations on a sustained rotational regime. Top Pub 1971 Papua Hotel Port Moresby. Photo credit PNGAA.

Change of Single Status

Port Moresby 1971. Most expensive first date at the Top Pub and still paying. I met Margaret in Port Moresby and we were married in 1972 in Port Moresby and still married.

However, my TPNG forest colleagues attempted to stop this by dispatching me off to Indonesia in a coffin. AND then at my buck’s night, destroyed my best hat by filling it with wet cow manure from 14 mile.

Chief instigator29

Now domestication - end of club darts team, Kone club drinks, outfitted with new wardrobe, now having to try and grow more hair, and just do domestics as grocery shopping.

1972

2004

Brendon Bailey TPNG Forests 1969-1974.

Bulolo Forestry College 1973 As per the normal human relations program of TPNG Dept of Forests, no sooner had we been married and settled into a new home in Port Moresby we were transferred to the Bulolo Forestry College as Senior Lecturer in Forest Management replacing Gary Archer for the 1973 academic year. During this period in conjunction with other misfit foresters as Alan White, Dave Num, and Gary Archer,30 we reviewed the Forestry College Training Manual - "Forest Assessment and Working Plans", Dept of Forests, Papua New Guinea 1972. Bulolo Forestry College was a pleasant place to work. In 1973 our daughter Llewellyn was born. Margaret returned to Australia to have Llewellyn, but I had to sit out the end of the year to get a ticket to travel to Australia. Llewellyn was some six weeks old before I saw her, which was in her basket on the floor at Sydney airport. History repeating itself. Bulolo Forestry College Bulolo. Photo Credit Murray Day31 Dept of Forests PNG 1972.

Bulolo Forest District 1973-75 To maintain the Dept of Forests standard re good human relations, at the end of 1973, I was advised that I would be transferred to the Bulolo Forest station as District Forester Bulolo/Wau. Here I was responsible for an annual reforestation program of one thousand hectares of Araucaria; financial budgeting and works programs; direction of some 30 staff

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Gary Archer TPNG Forests 1963-1973, Dave Num TPNG Forests 1966-1979. Murray Day TPNG Forests 1970-1983.

and a labour force of 500; control of wood harvesting operations; coordination and development of forest management initiatives for customary landowners. Bulolo Forest Station. Bulolo Forest Station Nursery. Part of CNGT now PNG Forest Products Plymill and Sawmill complex. Photo credit Linda Cavanaugh Manning.

Map Bulolo Wau Forest Area Dept of Forests 1968.

Dept of Forests Map of Bulolo Wau Forest Area 1968

Memorable events during Bulolo time were: Playing soccer with the staff against the forestry students at the college according to staff rules where we could tackle players who were too fast and maybe scoring. The visit of the big pig (Ashtons circus with an elephant).

In 1975, with Independence imminent, we farewell Bulolo and PNG. Not knowing that in 1995 we would return.

MY STORY AND THAT OF PNG FORESTRY DOES NOT END HERE. The experiences I gained in the period 1975-1995 greatly assisted my work back in PNG from 1995 to 2015 (with some funny instances). Post Graduate Studies Canberra 1975-1977 NOT YOU AGAIN??? I was successful in obtaining a post graduate Commonwealth Scholarship to undertake further academic studies towards a Master of Science Degree (Forest Management) at the Australian University Canberra, which was awarded in 1977. My M.Sc. thesis was “A Review of Farm Forestry, Problems and Possibilities in Australia” ANU 1976.

Memorable events include: Our son Rod being born in Canberra in 1975. He still owes me for the parking fine I incurred when I parked outside the Canberra Hospital taking Margaret to give birth in October 1975. In 1976 I undertook a three-month consultancy for the Australian National University to Malaysia to prepare a development plan for the Air Hitam Forest reserve, University Pertainain. My responsibilities included undertaking a needs analysis and designing a plan for the development of the University Pertainain’s faculty forest as a research and training forest for use by successive generations of students. Interesting compartment histories. From the 1930’s, pole fellings and selective felling for veneers, matches and sawn timber till 1973 with unclassified species harvested for charcoal production in the 1940’s and even areas clear-felled during the Japanese occupation in World War 2. 1976 assessment Air Hitam Reserve Selangor Malaysia.

At the completion of studies for my Masters, rather than return to PNG I worked as a Senior Technical Officer in the Wood Technology Section, of the Department of Forestry, Australian National University, responsible for undergraduate teaching in timber technology and for testing various timber properties. Phil Franklin was a student.

Move to Gippsland 1977 With the return of the permanent senior wood technology officer to ANU Forestry in 1977 and with Fraser having removed Whitlam, Canberra was in the doldrums and with the prospects of no employment, I joined APM Forests Gippsland as a District Forester. At that time, Frank Coppock ex TPNG Forests was based in Gippsland and Ian Grundy ex TPNG Forests 33was based in APM Petrie Queensland when I joined. For over 17 years in Australia, I was the Operations Manager for APM Forests (part of the AMCOR group), responsible for all land management, harvesting and related tree-growing activities over some 80,000 hectares of plantation lands. Here my responsibilities included: • • • • •

Supervision of 100 contract employees and 50 staff. Logging and roading programs related to the movement of 1.4 million tonnes of wood. Plantation establishment programs of 2,000 hectares per year. Financial control of an Australian $11 million annual budget. Involved in all aspects of farm forestry and a foundation member of the Gippsland Regional Landcare Committee. . I WONDERED THAT MYSELF?? Article Canberra Times September 1986

AMCOR LTD Annual Report Cover Page 1989. Dick McCarthy Operations Manager APM Forests and Owen Scott Central District Supervisor fire spotting from Flynn Creek Tree Farm Fire Tower.

Frank Coppock TPNG Forests 1953-1971, Ian Grundy TPNG Forests 1954-1966. APM landscape 1993. 35 APMF Headquarters Maryvale Mill 1993. 34

Figure 1 APMF Land Holdings Gippsland APMF Internal Publication 1990.

My major introductions into the Australasia plantation scene with accompanying economic savings and productivity increases were: • The use of wheeled skidder with large floatation tyres for all mechanised activities, especially second rotation sites. • Savannah stump jump plough for second rotation mounding cultivation incorporating residual slash within mounds. • Winged rippers for hilly terrain especially for eucalypt plantation establishment. 1990. Flynn Creek Tree Farm Second Rotation Savannah Mounding Stump Jump plough pulled by Cat 528 skidder.

1993. Second Rotation Sites Cat 525 skidder. 1992. Mechanised Weed Control using Cat 528 Skidder with wide floatation tyres. Flynn Creek.

1992. Winger ripper on Cat D7 with trailing cultivator Mt Worth Tree farm. APM Forests Operations Team 1993. Left to right John Ross, Braden Jenkin, Owen Scott, Malcolm May, Dick McCarthy, Ned Missen, Kevin Piercy, Stan Delopolius, Bill Hutty, John Morgan. Memorial events included: Undertaking study tours of forest activities for APM Forests in United States of America, Canada and New Zealand and the various Australian States.

1982. Part USA/Canada tour showing harvesting, water race to mill, Mt. St Helens.

1982. Wide/ low flotation tyred skidder, delimber, seedling transport, inter-row mechanisation. APMF Goat project as a war on blackberries APM Forests was one of the first forestry organisations to voluntarily cease using 245-T and 24-D and no longer apply herbicides from the air. In 1981 APM Forests introduced goats for biological control of blackberries and other noxious weeds in its plantations.

1985. Photos showing impact of goat grazing on blackberry infestations. 26

1989 World Bank Sri Lanka Forest Sector Review.

I was invited (thanks to Paul Ryan ex TPNG Forests and then of the World Bank) by the World Bank to be the silviculturist member of the World Bank Review Mission to review the Sri Lanka Forest Sector in terms of its 5-year Forestry Master Plan. Major responsibilities were to examine the economic aspects of establishment, maintenance, yield estimates and sustainable forest management systems for Sri Lanka’s indigenous forests and plantations. At the same time, assess the capability of the Sri Lanka Forest Department in managing forests and to provide detailed staff development programs. The work included travelling through Sri Lanka and then presenting the final report in Washington DC titled “Review of the Forestry Component of the 5year Forestry Master plan in terms of proposed plantation establishment and maintenance programs for Sri Lanka. Forest Management Report”.

The elephant logging operation in Sri Lanka in 1989 reminded me of a report we had to prepare as cadet foresters in PNG in 1963 at Kerevat as to whether elephants could be used. I cannot find the 1963 report to correct whatever I prepared back then.

1989. Enroute Sri Lanka to Washington via London I was collected at Gatwick in a Rolls in London as a colleague had just purchased the exAustralian Embassy Rolls but Queenie not home and then a freeze over in Washington where you could not even walk the pavements in thongs. 27

1989 World Bank Solomon Islands Forest Sector Review Following the major Sri Lanka Forest Sector review, the World Bank then asked me to go the Solomon Islands. The task as a team member of a World Bank mission was to review management and utilisation of natural forests and plantation programs. This was in terms of technical, institutional, and other inputs required for sustainable management in terms of community/landowner requirements and needs and the level of management skills and specified training required in government and private forestry enterprises. The final report was titled "Forest Development Project, Solomon Islands, Forest Management Report for WORLD BANK." WORLD BANK Preparation Mission April 1989. 1992 Australian Gottstein Forest Industry Fellowship. I was awarded a Gottstein Forest Industry Fellowship to visit those countries which have the greatest concentrations of fast grown plantations (those with an MAI exceeding 12-15m3/ha and grown on short rotations), especially eucalypts to review economics of wood production in terms of cost and growth rates. Visits included Chile, Uruguay, Brazil, Spain, Portugal, and South Africa. (Previous visits to NZ included in the final report). The emphasis was on the implications for the Australian Forest Industry in terms of productivities and economics. Report presented in 1993. The Gottstein Memorial Trust Fund was established to perpetuate Bill Gottstein’s contribution as an outstanding CSIRO forest products research scientist to the Australasia Forest industry. Bill Gottstein was tragically killed in 1971 in Bulolo PNG photographing a tree felling operation. As part of my findings, I referred to quote - “Australia for too long has had its forestry approaches blinkered by a perceived abundance of old-growth forests, which have never belonged to the forest industry because they are owned by all Australians. The last decades have shown the effect on the industry’s resources when the public decided they wished to use their forests for other things.” --- Australia is at the crossroads of changing from natural wood resources to plantation resource – Is Australia prepared financially, socially, and physically to become a major international plantation wood supplier and processor? “Unquote. I think we have arrived there in 2021.

36 37

Foresters Arms South Africa 1992 Swaziland. Aracruz Forest Operations Brazil 1992, nursery 40 mill plants/year, cuttings are E grandis, E grandis X urophylla clones 7–

8-month-old inter-row cultivation, harvesting age 7 pulpwood., B Double 24- hour trucking ,52m3 payload trucking.

. 38

Celulosa Arauco Chilie firefighting fleet 1992. Forestal Minico CMPC Chile 12 million E globus open rooted stock 1992. 40 Forestal Oriental Shell Uruguay 1 year old E grandis 1992. 41 Pisa Florestal S/A Brazil. (Ownership half Brazilian half Fletchers NZ) 1992. 42 IKPC – Brazil cuttings E grandis, clone E Grandis at 6 months, 4 years uniformity clonal program.1992. 43 Araucaria augustifolia Southern Brazil, Pinus patula open rooted nursery 2.5 million plants, 4-month-old E grandis coppice.1992. 44 Brazil Norcell Bahia State. E grandis 3-year-old clones.1992. 39

South Africa Hans Merensky Northern Transvaal E. grandis 19 years old, mechanically pruned at 7 years. Aim to get 4 x 4.8 m log lengths each tree.1992. 46 South Africa Hans Merensky Northern Transvaal E grandis/salinga hybrid age 4, mulch around each seedling with wood chips.1992. 47 South Africa Hans Merensky Northern Transvaal Plantation logs to sawmill for manufacture laminated beams, sawn timber, and mining props. Logs sorted, sawn into 1-inch planks, air dried 12 weeks then kiln dried, sorted for various lines laminated beams, wood chips, sawn timber. Sawmill two concurrent lines side by side. 1992.

Chile Acacia melanoxylon age 20 years invades native Nothofagus stands. Sawn timber 1992 was US$1600/m3. 1992. Portugal CELBI. E globulus planted 1965, coppice 1979 Rotation 12 years, MAI 8.9m3/ha/yr,3.19m3 wood to1 tonne pulp. 50 South Africa MONDI E salinga 18 months old. 1992. 51 Chile Forestal Minnico SI 36 – P radiata aged 6 years pruned, reduced 700 stems/ha; aged 13 years pruned thinned 250 stems/ha, CF 25years sawlog production. 1992. 52 Chile Forestal Minnico P radiata SI 30 18 years pruned to 150 stem/ha.1992. 53 Chile Forestal Minnico P radiata CF age 20 with 50 % sawlogs markets Korea & Turkey. 1992. 49

Chile Forestal Arauco P radiata aged 18 years. 1992. Chile Forestal Arauco P radiata aged 25 years, 290 stems/ha.1992. 56 New Zealand P radiata 1910 with Harold Heath. 1992. 57 Brazil NORCELL Bahia State 3-year-old E grandis clone.1992. 58 Spain farmer woodlots E globulus 15 year clear-fell. 1992. 55

Brazil 4-year-old clone E grandis MAI quoted 48 m3/ha. 1992. Celbi Portugal E globulus and E globulus hybrids 12-year rotation.1992. 61 Sorpocel Portugal E globulus 3 years old. 1992. 60

Community projects as “Give a damn, Give a Can”

PNG Port Moresby Rotary Club DIK program. (Donation in Kind from Australian Rotary). 2010. PNG Port Moresby Rotary Club DIK Program 2004. 64 PNG Port Moresby Rotary Club/PNGFIA/Botanical Gardens POM PNG Schools nursery manual. 65 Rotary visiting ex Rotary Exchange Student Lum Japan.2001. 66 PNG Port Moresby Rotary Club playing Santa POM Hospital Rotary visit program.2004. 63

In 1994, I departed APM Forests and established my own global consulting and contracting practice. Long term assignments are detailed below. Kenneth never listened then or now.

Vietnam (1994) Team Leader on a review of the Kien Tai Tree Plantation Project, Kien Giang Province. Multiple stem coconut, views of plantation activities with red gum in Mekong Delta. Photo credit Dick McCarthy.

Indonesia (1994 –1995) where I was retained as Regional Forest Manager to review the organisational structure and work practices of a large forestry and timber utilisation (pulp and paper) company called APRIL and to implement appropriate change. For example, they now supply Coles with paper products. In addition to introducing a more cost-effective decentralised management model, I implemented a productivity - based wage structure and developed a company-wide training program for all harvesting personnel in terms of directional felling, log extraction methods and processing.

Pekanbaru Sumatra air travel, birthday 50-year celebration, wide rivers, smoke haze over Pekanbaru, equator, train destroyed by British WW2.

Papua New Guinea (1995 – 1999) contract (4 years) to the PNG Forestry HRD Project (an AusAID funded project) as HRD/OD adviser. My role was as management adviser to the PNG National Forest Service (counterpart Kanawi Pouru General Manager NFS). The PNG Forestry HRD Project aimed to assist PNG in improving its labour and management skills right across the forestry sector. In this context, the forestry sector comprises not only the wood and wood-based industries, but also traditional uses of the forest such as the harvesting of non- timber products, conservation of the forest as a world resource of biodiversity, and management of forested and reforested land for all these goods and services. A major activity was as adviser to the Association of Foresters of PNG (AFPNG) for their development) as an independent technical voice on forestry and conservation; the provision of professional forest officer development through AFPNG continuing education processes, (Seminars, courses etc e.g., refresher schools for foresters commenced in 1997 and 1998) and strengthening the managerial and administrative capacity of a recognised in-country forest consultant group (First PNG Forest Consultants workshop held February 1998) and monthly seminars and a AFPNG quarterly newsletter were established in this period. Outputs (achievements) included: The inaugural President Gabriel Samol gaining a position (December 1996) on the National Forest Board of PNG and then rising to chair of the National Forest Board (refer Gabriel’s story). Establishment of a biennial conference series for the Association of Foresters of PNG. The inaugural biennial conference was held in Lae in October 1996 with the theme “The Future of PNG’s Forests, Foresters and Forestry.” Joe Havel67 was a special guest as was Neil Carr, representing the Australian Forest Industry and especially the Victorian Forest Industries. (Ref: IFA Newsletter December 1996). The second AFPNG was held in October 1998 titled “PLANTIM DIWAI”. The third AFPNG conference was held in Goroka where the late Ian Whyte68 CEO of the Tasmanian Forest Industries Association was guest speaker. The AFPNG then combined with the PNG Forest Industry to present further national conferences and trade exhibitions. They included: 2001 PNGFIA/AFPNG Conference titled PNGFIA Forest Industry Plan 2001-2036. 67 68

Joe Havel TPNG Forests 1953-1965. Ian Whyte TPNG Forests 1969-1979.

2002 PNGFIA/AFPNG Conference titled PNG Forestry – CHALLENGERS & OPPORTUNITIES”. 2003 PNGFIA/AFNG Conference titled “Adding value to PNG’s woods”. 2004 PNGFIA/AFPNG Conference titled “Industrial wood preservation formulating a brave new world”. Trukai Industries PNG (1999). Project review of their rubber wood plantations in terms of resource availability, marketing of the resource and development of industrial processing facilities. Work has included reviewing Malaysian rubber wood industry and development of investment proposals.

Innovision Pty Ltd. (1999) Strategic development of marketing and distribution networks “Australasia” for sawn produce from Innovision’s timber concessions in PNG. Activities include development of value adding processes of sawn produce close to marketplace. Black Forest Sawmills Victoria. (1999) Resource investigation (PNG, Solomon Islands, Australia) strategic business planning and development for sawn produce. Papua New Guinea (2000-2004) PNG Forest Industries Association – provision of role [as principal consultant of McCarthy & Associates (Forestry)] as Executive Director PNG Forest Industries Association in terms of provision of strategic advice through a project 69 70

Trukai Old Rubber wood plantations Sogeri Plateau. Feb/March 2000. Galley Reach Holdings sawmill sawing trial Sogeri rubberwood. Feb/March 2000.

identification mission leading to identification of and implementation (in terms of successful practical field programs) of PNG forest industry development studies (especially commercial and technical aspects).

2004 Albury FIME PNG Forest Industry Display. Rinus Valks, PNG Forest Products, Dick McCarthy PNGFIA, John Halkett Australian Timber Importers Association, Erwin Wilhelm NDS. 72 Western Province PNG 2002. 73 Logging Central Province PNG 2000. 74 Wewak PNG sawmilling kwila for Australian market 2001. 75 Port of Tokyo Japan. Log ponds, woodchips, sawn lumber export.2002 & 2003.

Douglas Ope Farewell NFS 2002.

One interesting project was the preparation of weekly articles for “WANTOK” (the independent PNG Churches Newspaper of the day).

2004/2005 ongoing activities for clients including ANZ Bank (PNG), Constantinou Group PNG, PBC group PNG, Hilift Pty Ltd, Ioma Blk 5 Pty Ltd, Mainland Plumbing & Hardware PNG, Kaywana Investments, Osmose Pty Ltd, PNG Forest Industries Association, Galley Reach Holdings, PriceWaterhouseCoopers, Exxon Mobil PNG, Westpac Bank (PNG) Ltd. Exxon Mobil 2002 Restoration of vegetation at Bakari-Oil well site 1. Photo Credit. PNG Chamber of Mines and Petroleum PROFILE magazine.

Farewell Doulas Ope original office lad for survey group prior 1975. Andrew Tagamassu, Dougal Ope, Dick McCarthy, Martin Golman. 2002.

2005 to 2008 – provision of business and forestry consulting services to the Constantinou Group of companies and the PNG Sustainable Development Program Ltd to develop the Cloudy Bay Forest Management Area PNG as PNG’s first 100 % timber downstream processing project. Activities include development of the business model, developing the forest development program and provision of role of chief executive officer (as principal consultant of McCarthy & Associates (forestry) Pty Ltd).

Dick McCarthy at Cloudy Bay TA landing with ILG Chairpersons. 2006.

2009 to 2013 – ongoing provision of business and forestry/environmental consulting services to the Constantinou Group of companies.

Cloudy Bay TA 2006. Abau island Cloudy Bay TA 2006. 79 Wharf Abau Island Cloudy Bay TA 2006. 80 First log (white cheesewood) cut Cloudy Bay 2007. 81 Rosewood sawn timber for export Fiji 2007. 78

Ongoing Technical Expert JAS (Joint Accreditation System of Australia and New Zealand) for the Australian Forest Standard AS4708-2007 and Sustainable Forest Management AS4708-2013. Long term member of the Trade Advisory Group of the International Tropical Timber Organisation.

Dr Mike Adams ITTO. Roy Southey Sawmillers Association South Africa. Barny Chan Chair TAG ITTO. Dick McCarthy MCCAF.

It is mankind’s desire to see some tangible expression of their ideas. As a renewable resource, forestry can sustain this need. To do so they must be managed in a way which satisfies mankind’s creative drive whilst respecting nature’s creative purposes. This relationship is perceived as quality and experienced as harmony. Source anon

ITTO TAG part of PNG Delegation ITTC meeting Yokohama Japan 2001. ITTO TAG Cameroon global greens struggling with industry credentials.2002. 84 ITTO TAG Cameroon one talk timber trade General Myanmar (Burma). 2002. 85 ITTO TAG Bali Mangrove project.2002. 86 ITTO TAG Yokohama Rotary Japan. 2004. 83

Fiftieth session ITTC Yokohama Japan Nov 2014.

FAMILY 2021 Nothing would have been possible without the support, patience, and encouragement of my family.

2019. Granddaughter Saskia, Daughter Llewellyn, Granddaughter Hannah, Grandson Thomas, Self, Daughter in Law Tori, Son Rod, wife Margaret.

The Boss Clancy.

MY STORY AND PNG My story is interwoven with PNG’s forestry development over time. Over my career, I have become a highly experienced operational forester with post-qualifications in forest management. My many years’ experience (especially Papua New Guinea (PNG) and Australia) in forest management and plantation development in the public and private forestry sectors, in both temperate and tropical forestry is recognised globally. Within the global forest industry, it must be emphasized that those achievements have only been made possible through strong people skills; a strongly inclusive stakeholder focus; high levels of both results and bottom-line orientation, and the proven ability to advise professionally at the highest level with regard to policies, programs, performance, capital, and asset management. I have a strong understanding of the Papua New Guinea forestry sector and I am fluent in Melanesian Pidgin. My breadth of experience in Papua New Guinea is particularly relevant as it encompasses: • Forest management policy formulation and practice. • Resource investigations for industrial wood using complexes (OIC Resource Investigations). • Large scale project management (District Forester Bulolo/Wau, APMF, Cloudy Bay Timber Products PNG Ltd). • Studies in labour relations. • Adult education teaching programs (scientific education instructor with the Pacific Islands Regiment in Lae). • Human resource development and organisational development (as HRD/OD adviser for the PNG Forestry HRD Project - an AusAid Project.) especially as adviser for four years to the Association of Foresters of PNG. • Consulting assignments as principal consultant of McCarthy & Associates (Forestry) including Executive Director PNG Forest Industries Association (2000 to 2004) and for various companies re sawn timber development and market development of PNG rubber wood resources, the development of the first downstream processing timber project (Cloudy Bay Timber Products PNG Ltd.) and various large scale public private partnerships infrastructure projects in health; drinking water, and community activities including PNG Rotary initiatives such as the provision of school desks in PNG. Since graduating, I have maintained my interest in global forestry continuing education streams through involvement in various activities as: • • • •

Development of Malaysia’s University Pertainain’s faculty forest as a research and training facility. Membership of the Australian National University Faculty Review Committee on Forestry Education. Foundation member of the Gippsland Regional Landcare Committee. Past member of the PNG National Forest Trade Training Board and member of SEFTI PNG.

Other Professional Activities include: •

Forestry – a member of Institute of Foresters of Australia, past Chair of the Victorian Institute of Foresters; a member of the Consulting Foresters of Australia; a member of

•

the Association of Foresters of PNG and member of the Commonwealth Forestry Association. Community – Past President Moreland Rotary Club 2014/15, Past President Port Moresby Rotary Club 2003/2004, Past President Rotary Club of Lae 1997/98, and Past President Rotary Club of Latrobe Central Victoria 1989/90 and Paul Harris Fellow of the Rotary Clubs of Port Moresby, Lae and Latrobe Central. Business Associations –long term member TAG (trade advisory group) ITTC (International Tropical Timber Council), past executive member Australia/PNG Business Council, past executive member Port Moresby Chamber of Commerce, and past executive member Rural Industries Council of PNG.

My highly developed oral communication and negotiation skills (including the ability to represent organisations in high level negotiations) were used to maximum advantage in: •

• • •

APM Forests where I was responsible for coordinating the company’s public relations program and, for 17 years, represented APM on numerous committees and maintained close liaison with Gippsland municipalities on roading, planning, environmental, farm forestry and land issues. I was a foundation member of the region’s Land Protection Advisory Committee and liaised closely with relevant State Government Departments in relation to environment, forestry, water, and land activities. PNG Forestry HRD Project especially as adviser to the Association of Foresters of PNG. Executive Director PNG Forest Industries Association. Managing Director McCarthy & Associates (Forestry) Pty Ltd.

My work has been widely published. My broad experience in forestry has been recognised: • In representing APM Forests on study tours of USA, Canada, and New Zealand. • As a member of two World Bank Missions to Sri Lanka and the Solomon Islands to review their forest sectors in 1989. • In the awarding of a Gottstein Forest Industry fellowship (1992) to “Review fast grown plantation programs in Chile, Uruguay, Brazil, Spain, Portugal and South Africa. Implications for the Australian Forest industry in terms of productivities and economics.” • A long-term member of the TAG of the ITTC. • From 1963 to the present in PNG, I have been involved in seeing Papua New Guinea Foresters develop from their academic studies to field work to totally assuming policy, financial and management control of the development of their forest resources – both native and plantation forestry within an environment where the majority of the resource is traditionally owned. FROM THE HIGHLANDS OF NSW TO THE LOWLANDS AND HIGHLANDS OF PNG BEFORE SETTLING IN THE LOWLANDS OF COLLINGWOOD WHERE I AM STILL LOST IN THE WOODS.

Short Bibliography NAME DATE JOINED FORESTRY PNG WHAT WAS YOUR OCCUPATION WORK LOCALITIES N

DEPARTURE PNG LIFE AFTER PNG IF YOU WISH TO COMMENT BRIEFLY

DID YOU RECEIVE A PNG FORESTRY CADETSHIP IF SO WHEN DATE OF GRADUATION IF YOU KNOW OF ANY OTHER FORESTRY STAFF AROUND YOUR TIME, PLEASE LET ME KNOW

Richard (Dick) McCarthy 11 March 1963 Forest Officer 1968/69 National Service PIR Igam Barracks Lae Sergeant Education Corp. Port Moresby Resource Section 1970 to 1973 including forest inventories in Tiauru Pandi (North Coast NB), Madang- Gogol, Vanimo and Open Bay Timber Areas. Bulolo Senior Lecturer Forestry College 1973. District Forester Bulolo 1973 to1975 1975, returned 1995 till 2015. 1975-76 Undertook M.SC (Forest Management) studies ANU. 1977-94 Operations Manager APM Forests Gippsland. 1989 World Bank Forestry missions to Sri Lanka and Solomon Islands. 1992 Gottstein Fellow By the awarding of a Gottstein Forest Industry fellowship (1992) to “Review fast grown plantation programs in Chile, Uruguay, Brazil, Spain, Portugal and South Africa. Implications for the Australian Forest industry in terms of productivities and economics.” 1994 to present -McCarthy & Associates (forestry) global consulting practice including projects in Vietnam, Indonesia, PNG, and Solomon Islands. Yes 11 March 1963 1967 B.Sc. (Forestry) ANU 1977 M.Sc. (Forest Management) Lots

ACRONYMS ACT ACIAR ACLMP AEC AFS AFPNG AIF AMF ANBG ANGAU ANU APMF APPM ASIO ASOPA AusAID BA BCOF “Beer Time” BFC BGD BUC C cm CALM CFA CNGT CRE CRE

CSIRO CHAH DASF DBH/ dbh DEPT DPI DOF e.g. Etc FAO F &TB FIM FMA FPRC FRG

Australian Capital Territory Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research AusAid funded World Bank Land Mobilisation program. Administrators Executive Committee Australian Forestry School Association of Foresters of PNG Australian Infantry Forces Australian Military Forces Australian National Botanical Gardens Australian New Guinea Administrative Unit Australian National University Australian Paper Manufacturers Forestry Pty Ltd Australia Paper and Pulp Manufacturers Australian Security Intelligence Organisation Australian School of Pacific Administration Australian Aid Agency basal area British Commonwealth Occupational Force 1945-52 Any time. Bulolo Forestry College Bulolo Gold Dredging Company Bulolo University College Commonwealth Centimetre Western Australian Department of Conservation and Land Management Commonwealth Forestry Association Commonwealth New Guinea Timbers Bulolo Commander Royal Engineers CRE is a term inherited by RAE from RE and is the term for the Commanding Officer of a RAE unit which is headed by a Lt Col. Although the officer is called the CRE the name is also used for the name of his unit. E.g., CRE Aust Forestry Group or 1(NG Forests). Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria Dept of Agriculture, Stock and Fisheries Diameter at breast height Department Department of Primary Industry Department of Forests For example et cetera (more of the same) Food and Agriculture Organisation Forest and Timber Bureau Canberra Forest Information System Forest Management Agreement Forest Products Research Centre Hohola Forest Red Gum 47

FRI Forkol GAB Gbhob Gubab GIS ha IBRD IFA IFY ITTC ITTO JICA L of N LRRS m3 MCCAF MHA MM NAA NARI NB NDS NFCAP no. NG NGF NGIB NGO NGVR NZ NSW NTSC OISCA P or p PIB PIR PNG PNGAA PNGAF PNGFA PNGFIA PNGRIS PNGUT POM Q QF RAE RPC

Forest Research Institute Lae Bulolo Forestry College Girth above buttress Girth breast height over bark Girth under bark above buttress Geographic Information Systems Hectare International Bank for Reconstruction and Development Institute of Foresters of Australia International Year of the Forest International Tropical Timber Council International Tropical Timber Organization Japanese International Cooperation Agency League of Nations Land Resource Soils Survey (branch of CSIRO) cubic metre McCarthy & Associates (Forestry) Pty. Ltd. Member of House of Assembly PNG Military Medal National Archives Australia National Agriculture Research Institute New Britain Northern District Sawmills PNG National Forestry and Conservation Action Plan Number New Guinea New Guinea Forces (relates to plant collection of Lae Herbarium) New Guinea Infantry Battalion Non-Government Organisation New Guinea Volunteer Rifles New Zealand New South Wales National Tree Seed Centre PNG Bulolo Organisation for Industrial, Spiritual and Cultural Advancement International Japan. page Papuan Infantry Battalion Pacific Islands Regiment Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Australia Association Papua New Guinea Australian Foresters Magazine Series Papua New Guinea Forest Authority PNG Forest Industries Association Papua New Guinea Resource Information System PNG University of Technology Port Moresby Queensland Queensland Forestry Royal Australian Engineers/Australian Army Royal Papuan Constabulary 48

RRA SFM SP TAG UK UN Unasylva UNE UNEP UNI UNITECH UNRE UPNG UQ US USA TPNG TUBL TA TA TRP Vol VSF WA WB

Rapid Resource Appraisal Sustainable Forest Management South Pacific Trade Advisory Group of ITTO United Kingdom United Nations Journal of FAO of UN University of New England Armidale NSW United Nations Environment Program University University of Technology Lae PNG University of Natural Resources and Environment University of Papua New Guinea University of Queensland United States United States of America Territory of Papua and New Guinea Territory United Brewery Ltd Timber Area Timber Authority Timber Rights Purchase volume Victorian School of Forestry Western Australia World Bank