INSTRUCTOR’S MANUAL / TEST BANK to accompany
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS Eleventh Edition
Nicholas Henry Georgia Southern University
Prepared by: Christine Ludowise Georgia Southern University
TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter One BIG DEMOCRACY, BIG BUREAUCRACY ....................................................................1 Chapter Two PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION’S CENTURY IN A QUANDRY ......................................7 Chapter Three THE THREADS OF ORGANIZATIONS: THEORIES ...................................................14 Chapter Four THE FABRIC OF ORGANIZATIONS: FORCES ...........................................................21 Chapter Five THE FIBERS OF ORGANIZATIONS: PEOPLE.............................................................29 Chapter Six CLARIFYING COMPLEXITY: THE PUBLIC’S INFORMATION RESOURCE .........37 Chapter Seven PUBLIC PRODUCTIVITY: CORRUPTION’S CONSEQUENCE .................................43 Chapter Eight THE PUBLIC TROUGH: FINANCING AND BUDGETING GOVERNMENTS .........52 Chapter Nine MANAGING HUMAN CAPITAL IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR......................................64 Chapter Ten UNDERSTANDING AND IMPROVING PUBLIC POLICY .........................................74 Chapter Eleven INTERSECTORAL ADMINISTRATION .......................................................................81 Chapter Twelve INTERGOVERNMENTAL ADMINISTRATION...........................................................90 Chapter Thirteen TOWARD A BUREAUCRATIC ETHIC .......................................................................100
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Chapter One BIG DEMOCRACY, BIG BUREAUCRACY
CHAPTER OVERVIEW A discussion of the tradition and context of American public administration sets the tone for the book, focusing on American’s preference for constrained public leadership. The public perception of bureaucracy (pejorative) is juxtaposed with the public’s reliance upon and acceptance of public administrators (favorable). The chapter concludes by defining the paradoxical power of the public administrator, which has developed beyond its cultural, institutional, and legal limits.
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Understand the political culture and developments that shaped U.S. government and public administration. Explain the difference between Hamilton’s and Jefferson’s vision of the bureaucracy. Understand the consequences of a constrained government and public administration. Reconcile the differences between public suspicion of public administration and positive individual experiences with public administrators. Identify the importance of the policy-making role of public administrators.
CHAPTER OUTLINE AN UNPROMISING PRECIS The Indians and the English Administration by Ambassadors: The Articles of Confederation Administration by Legislators: The First State Constitutions Administration by Enfeebled Executives: Jefferson Prevails Hamiltonian Energy Jeffersonian Constraint Anti-Administration A CULTURE OF CONSTRAINT Americans and Their Governments Governing in a Distrusting Culture Distrust of Elected Leaders Distrust of Government
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THE CONSEQUENCES OF CONSTRAINT Hobbled Elective Chief Executives The Domesticated Presidency Constraining Governors Constraining Local Elected Chief Executives Hobbled Governments Constraining the Federal Government Constraining State Governments Constraining Local Governments Hobbled Governmental Growth INFERNAL VERNON: A CASE OF UNCONSTRAINED PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (case study) THE BUREAUCRAT: BRAINED, BLAMED AND BOUNCING BACK Bashing Bureaucrats Politicians’ Pandering Academia’s Undercutting Media’s Mordancy Are Bureaucrats to Blame? The Public Likes Public Administrators Encountering Bureaucrats The Bureaucrat: Government’s Savior? THE PARADOXICAL POWER OF THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATOR Bureaucrats and Legislators Bureaucratizing Congress Bureaucratizing State Legislatures Bureaucratizing Local Councils and Boards Presidents Versus Bureaucrats: Mobilizing the Bureaucracy Presidential Frustration Bureaucratic Responsiveness Bringing Bureaucracy to Heel? Executive Indifference Executive Expertise A Bureaucracy Newly Girded Governors Versus Legislators: The Battle for the Bureaucracy The Gray Eminence of the Public Administrator Staying Power Discretionary Power Policy-Making Power: Players and Patterns Stopping Power: Two Cases A Bolt in the Bureaucracy Deep-Sixing Democracy
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NOETIC AUTHORITY: THE BASE OF BUREAUCRATIC POWER Knowledge is Power Knowledge, Power, and the Public Interest
KEY CONCEPTS/TERMS/INDIVIDUALS The Articles of Confederation Alexander Hamilton Thomas Jefferson constraint the “hollow government” recall referendum initiative or initiative petition bureaucratization staying power discretionary power legislative veto policy agenda noetic authority Max Weber
TEACHING IDEAS 1.
Have students, in groups, revisit and rewrite the Constitution. Ask them to design and insert an additional article that clearly articulates the role of the bureaucracy in American Government. Then discuss the problems they faced in clearly defining and limiting the “fourth” branch of government.
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Invite the local city or county manager to speak to your class. Ask him/her to focus their discussion on their relationships with the executive and legislative branches, as well as how s/he views his/her policy-making role.
3.
Ask students to relate a good experience they or their family has had with a public agency or with public services. Have them reconcile their experience with the perception of bureaucracy as a big, unwieldy, unhelpful entity.
BACKGROUND READING De Tocqueville, Alexis. Democracy in America. New York: Penguin Classics, 2003. Goodsell, Charles T. The Case for Bureaucracy: A Public Administration Polemic, 2nd ed. Chatham: Chatham House, 1985. 3 .