Core Concepts in Pharmacology, 5th Edition BY Leland Norman Holland
Email: Richard@qwconsultancy.com
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY: DRUG REGULATION AND APPROVAL LEARNING OUTCOME 1 Explain the expansive nature of pharmacology, and give examples of interrelated subject areas needed to master the discipline.
Core Concept 1.1 Pharmacology is an expansive and challenging topic. SUGGESTION FOR CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES •
Discuss how knowledge of anatomy and physiology, chemistry, and pathophysiology is helpful in understanding pharmacology.
SUGGESTION FOR CLINICAL ACTIVITIES •
Have each student look up one drug in the PDR and the drug’s chemical structure, what system of the body is involved, and the disease it is used to treat.
LEARNING OUTCOME 2 Identify professions in which knowledge of pharmacology is important, and explain how the disciplines of therapeutics and pharmacology are interconnected.
Core Concept 1.2 For healthcare providers, the fields of pharmacology and therapeutics are connected. SUGGESTIONS FOR CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES •
Have students pretend to be in different occupations that require a knowledge of pharmacology, and take turns presenting to the class what in particular they do that sets their profession apart from similar professions.
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Assign each student a particular disease or cause of suffering, and have each member of the class take turns explaining how therapeutics and pharmacology would play a role in a patient’s experience with the given ailment. Ch 01-1 ..
LEARNING OUTCOME 3 Compare and contrast traditional drugs, biologics, and natural alternative therapies.
Core Concept 1.3 Medicines are classified as traditional drugs, biologics, and natural alternatives. SUGGESTION FOR CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES •
Discuss examples of traditional drugs, biologics, and natural alternative therapies.
LEARNING OUTCOME 4 Identify the advantages and disadvantages of prescription and over-the-counter drugs.
Core Concept 1.4 Medications are available by prescription or over the counter. SUGGESTIONS FOR CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES •
Discuss why some drugs are prescription drugs and other drugs are OTC drugs. Give examples of prescription drugs and OTC drugs.
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Discuss why a prescription drug sometimes becomes an OTC drug. Give examples.
LEARNING OUTCOME 5 Distinguish between pharmaceutics and pharmacology.
Core Concept 1.5 Pharmaceutics is the science of pharmacy. SUGGESTION FOR CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES •
Discuss the educational requirements to become a pharmacist.
SUGGESTION FOR CLINICAL ACTIVITIES Ch 01-2 . .
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Have students observe a pharmacist and note activities of the pharmacist.
LEARNING OUTCOME 6 Discuss the history of U.S. standards, acts, and organizations leading to the requirement that drug safety must be proven before marketing.
Core Concept 1.6 Drug regulations were created to protect the public from drug misuse. SUGGESTIONS FOR CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES •
Have USP-NF available for the students to look at.
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Design a matching quiz for the different drug acts.
LEARNING OUTCOME 7 Discuss the emerging roles and responsibilities of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with its branches in determining the safety of drugs and whether they may be used for therapy.
Core Concept 1.7 U.S. drug standards have become increasingly complex. SUGGESTIONS FOR CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES •
Have available several types of dietary supplements so that the students can look at the labels.
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Discuss different herbs that may be used for medical purposes.
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Discuss whether there should be stricter control over the marketing of herbal products and dietary supplements.
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Discuss the MedWatch program and its purpose.
LEARNING OUTCOME 8 Identify four stages of approval for therapeutic and biologic drugs.
Core Concept Ch 01-3 ..
1.8 There are four stages of approval for therapeutic and biologic drugs. SUGGESTION FOR CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES •
Discuss drugs that have been removed from the market because of harmful effects.
LEARNING OUTCOME 9 Discuss current challenges facing the FDA in approving new drugs for market.
Core Concept 1.9 Governmental agencies face the dual challenge of increasing the speed of drug approval while still ensuring the safety of new drugs. SUGGESTIONS FOR CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES •
Discuss how the user fee increases the cost of prescription drugs.
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Discuss examples of drugs that have unapproved uses.
LEARNING OUTCOME 10 Discuss the challenges facing healthcare providers in view of modern-day pandemic and bioterrorist threats.
Core Concept 1.10 Healthcare providers must be prepared to deal with the threat of biological and chemical attack. SUGGESTIONS FOR CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES •
Discuss how infectious agents, chemicals, and nuclear and radiation emergencies can be disseminated.
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Discuss signs and symptoms of each form of bioterrorism.
SUGGESTIONS FOR CLINICAL ACTIVITIES •
Have students locate the bioterrorism manual in the clinical area.
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Discuss the roles of different healthcare professionals in the event of a bioterrorism attack.
Ch 01-4 ..