INSTRUCTOR’S MANUAL Jason Newman Consumnes River College
THE AMERICAN PEOPLE: CREATING A NATION AND A SOCIETY CONCISE SEVENTH EDITION
Email: richard@qwconsultancy.com
Table of Contents Chapter 1
Ancient America and Africa
1
Chapter 2
Europeans and Africans Reach the Americas
6
Chapter 3
Colonizing a Continent in the Seventeenth Century
10
Chapter 4
The Maturing of Colonial Society
16
Chapter 5
Bursting the Bonds of Empire
22
Chapter 6
A People in Revolution
28
Chapter 7
Consolidating the Revolution
35
Chapter 8
Currents of Change in the Northeast and the Old Northwest
41
Chapter 9
Slavery and the Old South
46
Chapter 10
Shaping America in the Antebellum Age
51
Chapter 11
Moving West
56
Chapter 12
The Union in Peril
61
Chapter 13
The Union Severed
66
Chapter 14
The Union Reconstructed
71
Chapter 15
The Realities Rural America
76
Chapter 16
The Rise of Smokestack America
82
Chapter 17
The New Metropolis
88
Chapter 18
Becoming a World Power
92
Chapter 19
The Progressives Confront Industrial Capitalism
97
Chapter 20
The Great War
103
Chapter 21
Affluence and Anxiety
108
Chapter 22
The Great Depression and the New Deal
114
Chapter 23
World War II
121
Chapter 24
Chills and Fever During the Cold War, 1945-1960
127
Chapter 25
Postwar America at Home, 1945-1960
133
Chapter 26
Reform and Rebellion in the Turbulent Sixties, 1960-1969
139
Chapter 27
Disorder and Discontent, 1969-1980
145
Chapter 28
Conservatism and a Shift in Course, 1980-2010
151
iii
Selected Addresses of Film Distributors and Other Audiovisual Materials
158
References on Teaching History
161
“Motivating Students by Active Learning in History Classes”
165
iv
1 Ancient America and Africa CHAPTER SUMMARY As the stories about three important women from Europe, Africa, and the Americas of this era demonstrate, deep transformations were underway in West Africa, in southern and western Europe, and throughout the Americas before 1492. The complex cultures of Africa, Europe, and the Americas prior to contact are revealed in the chapter. While Native American peoples migrated from Asia across the Americas, developing new tools, civilizations, and life styles, Africans built large kingdoms and eventually traded with Muslims in North Africa. Meanwhile, European monarchs strengthened their control over European societies, and searched for new technological developments to explore the globe and trade with Asia. CHAPTER OUTLINE The People of America Before Columbus Migration to the Americas Hunters, Farmers, and Environmental Factors Mesoamerican Empires Regional North American Cultures The Iroquois Contrasting World Views Africa on the Eve of Contact The Kingdoms of Central and West Africa African Slavery The African Ethos Europe on the Eve of Invading the Americas The Rebirth of Europe The New Monarchies and the Expansionist Impulse Conclusion: The Approach of a New Global Age
1 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved.
SIGNIFICANT THEMES AND HIGHLIGHTS 1. The clash that developed when the people of three continents—North America, Europe, and Africa—began to encounter each other forms the opening chapter of American history and is therefore the opening chapter of the textbook. With the stories of Isabela (Tecuichpotzin) of Castile, Elizabeth I of England, and Queen Njinga, we see the intermingling and transformation of three worlds. 2. The chapter challenges the concept that Africans and Native Americans were passive primitive bystanders awaiting conquest. Native American, Africans, and Europeans were all critical participants in the making of the modern world. 3. The spread of Islam and the rise of great empires in West and Central Africa are also examined. 4. By taking readers inside the cultural beliefs and experiences of Native Americans and Africans, as well as Europeans, this chapter serves to counteract the traditional ethnocentric view that sees all developments through the eyes of Europeans. An example of this is the oftrepeated phrase “Columbus discovered America,” implying that there was no life or culture in the Americas until a European found it in 1492. LEARNING GOALS Familiarity with Basic Knowledge After reading this chapter, students should be able to: 1. Locate and briefly describe the Native American Mound Builders of the Ohio and Mississippi river valleys, the Pueblo dwellers of the Southwest, and the Iroquois Indians of the East Coast. 2. Describe Native American attitudes toward and beliefs about the natural world, wealth, community, family, and men and women. 3. Name and locate three West African kingdoms between the fifth and fourteenth centuries and describe West African beliefs about family, religion, and social organization. 4. Explain the political, economic, and religious changes in early modern Europe that led to the exploration and eventual settlement of North America. 5. Explain the navigational improvements that led to European exploration.
2 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved.