Youth and Crime Solved Exam Questions
Course Introduction
This course explores the complex relationship between youth and crime, examining the social, economic, and psychological factors that contribute to juvenile delinquency. Students will study theories of youth offending, the role of family, peers, and community, as well as the impact of the education system and media. The course analyzes the effectiveness of juvenile justice policies, intervention programs, and prevention strategies, while considering issues of race, gender, and socioeconomic status. Through case studies and current research, students will gain a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and approaches in addressing youth crime in contemporary society.
Recommended Textbook
Juvenile Delinquency Theory Practice and Law 11th Edition by Larry J. Siegel
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17 Chapters
1103 Verified Questions
1103 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Childhood Delinquency
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35815
Sample Questions
Q1) The courts have struck down most juvenile curfew laws as unconstitutional.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) As early as 1535, the English passed statutes allowing for the appointment of overseers to place destitute or neglected children as servants in the homes of the affluent.These laws were known as ________________.
Answer: Poor Laws
Q3) Young people who are extremely vulnerable to the negative consequences of school failure, substance abuse, and early sexuality are referred to as _________.
A)Juvenile delinquents
B)Working poor
C)At-risk youth
D)Latch-key youth
Answer: C
Q4) Courts created in fifteen century England to oversee the lives of highborn minors who were orphaned or otherwise could not care for themselves were called
Answer: Chancery Courts
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Chapter 2: The Nature and Extent of Delinquency
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Sample Questions
Q1) After adolescence, age is inversely related to criminality: As youthful offenders mature, their offending rates decline.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) is being developed y the _____.
Answer: FBI
Q3) According to the text, a sudden increase in _____ may be a harbinger of future increase in the rate of delinquency.
A)Drug use
B)Population
C)Bullying
D)School drop-outs
Answer: A
Q4) In a controversial work, John J.Donohue III and Steven Levitt argue that the recent drop in the crime rate can be attributable to the _____.
Answer: Availability of legalized abortion
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Chapter 3: Individual Views of Delinquency
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Erik Erikson coined the phrase __________ to denote the inner turmoil and uncertainty about life roles faced by youths.
A)Latent delinquency
B)Identity crisis
C)Mood disorder
D)Criminal atavism
Answer: B
Q2) According to Sigmund Freud, the superego is the unrestrained, primitive, pleasure-seeking component of the human personality with which each child is born.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The first attempts to discover why criminal tendencies develop focused on the ________ make-up of offenders.
Answer: Physical
Q4) The ________ develops through interactions with parents and other significant people and represents the conscience and the moral rules shared by most adults.
Answer: Superego
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Chapter 4: Structure, Process, Culture, and Delinquency
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64 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to William Julius Wilson, those people who are left out of the economic mainstream and reduced to living in the most deteriorated inner-city areas are called the _____.
A)Truly disadvantaged
B)Forever poor
C)Upper crust
D)Hidden population
Q2) Social disorganization theory links delinquency to middle class measuring rods.
A)True
B)False
Q3) _____ theories view delinquency as the result of a person's interaction with critical Elements of socialization.
A)Social process
B)Deterrence
C)Social Structure
D)Evolutionary
Q4) Using one's wits to avoid violent confrontations and to feel safe is referred to in the textbook as _____.
Q5) _____ theory helps identify the micro-level or individual influence of strain.
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Chapter 5: Social Reason, Conflict, and Delinquency
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the text, _____ is extremely damaging because if may cause adolescents to seek deviant peers whose behavior amplifies the effect of the labeling.
A)School failure
B)Parental labeling
C)Adjudication
D)Community labeling
Q2) The process of removing juveniles from adult jails and placing them in community-based programs to avoid the stigma attached to these facilities is referred to _____.
Q3) Gordon Bazemore argues that restorative programs should focus on the concept of _____.
Q4) Discuss the four quadrants of Howard Becker's table of deviance and reaction.Do you agree or disagree with Becker's theory, why or why not?
Q5) Social reaction theory is also commonly called _____ theory.
A)Conflict
B)Social control
C)Labeling
D)Critical
Q6) _____ holds that a person becomes immoral when people label them as such.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Developmental Theories of Delinquency
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gottfredson and Hirschi traced the root cause of poor self-control to _____.
A)Poor academic achievement
B)Inadequate diet
C)Inadequate childrearing practices
D)Neglect and abuse
Q2) A developmental theory that modifies social control theory by integrating concepts from
Biosocial, psychological, routine activities, and rational choice theories is called _____.
A)Differential association
B)General theory of crime
C)Psychosis
D)Labeling theory
Q3) _____ theory was developed by Rowe, Osgood, and Nicewander.
A)General
B)Trajectory
C)Developmental
D)Latent trait
Q4) According to the text, what causes low self-control / impulsivity? Do you agree or disagree with the authors? Why or why not?
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Chapter 7: Gender and Delinquency
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Once in the system, females may receive fewer _____ and _____ than their male counterparts.
A)Lawyers, benefits
B)Services, therapists
C)Equipment, programs
D)Benefits, services
Q2) Hagan and his associates have speculated that gender differences in delinquency are a function of _____ that influence family life.
Q3) One reason for the interest in gender studies is that conceptions of gender differences have changed.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The _____ is the view that lower female crime and delinquency rates are a reflection of the leniency with which police treat female offenders.
A)Power-control theory
B)Chivalry hypothesis
C)Masculinity hypothesis
D)Gender-schema theory
Q5) Explain the power-control theory.Explain your views on this theory.
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Chapter 8: The Family and Delinquency
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Sample Questions
Q1) Child protection agencies have been dealing with abuse and neglect since the _____.
Q2) _____ is a condition that occurs when parents have such large families that their resources, such as time and money, are spread too thin, causing lack of familial support and control.
Q3) In _____, the court held that a protective screen is allowed in order that the child witness would not have to see the accused defendant
Q4) Good parenting lowers the risk of delinquency for children living in _____.
Q5) The Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990 allows the child to _____.
A)Avoid testifying in court if it would be embarrassing
B)Use anatomically correct dolls to demonstrate what occurred
C)Testify on videotape instead of in person
D)Simply give a deposition instead of testifying in court
Q6) About _____ percent of all children in the United States live in poverty.
Q7) What is parental efficacy? Explain its relationship to delinquency.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Peers and Delinquency
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Sample Questions
Q1) Frederick Thrasher did most of his research on gangs in the city of _____.
A)Pittsburgh
B)London
C)Los Angeles
D)Chicago
Q2) Tossing or flashing gang signs in the presence of rivals often escalates into verbal or physical confrontation.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The Gang Prevention and Intervention Survey found that fully two-thirds of gang members reported having members in their gang whose parents are also active members.
A)True
B)False
Q4) _____ involves forcing people to pay the gang to be protected from dangerous neighborhood youths.
Q5) Female gang members begin to drift away from gangs when _____.
Q6) According to the text, it is possible that romantic love discourages offending by _____.
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Chapter 10: Schools and Delinquency
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Since 1972, dropout rates have remained the highest for _____.
A)Whites
B)African Americans
C)Hispanics
D)Asians
Q2) Poverty and economic marginality may directly impact learning and consequently a child's future chances of success.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Students who leave school before completing their required program of education are referred to as _____.
Q4) The primary agent of socialization in the United States is the _____.
A)Peer group
B)School
C)Media
D)Church
Q5) School failure may also be linked to _____ that might actually be treatable if properly identified.
Q6) New Jersey v.T.L.O.was concerned with issues surrounding the _____ Amendment.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Drug Use and Delinquency
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64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Adolescents who use and distribute small amounts of drugs, usually distribute these drugs to strangers.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is harm reduction? Explain this approach.What is your view of harm reduction?
Q3) Which substance stimulates the cerebral sensory centers to produce visual hallucinations, intensify hearing, and increase sensitivity?
A)PCP
B)LSD
C)Cocaine
D)Heroin
Q4) Drug abusers are also believed to exhibit psychopathic or sociopathic behavior characteristics, forming what is called a/an _____.
Q5) There is no evidence that the accuracy of survey reporting may be affected by social and personal traits.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Delinquency Prevention
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Sample Questions
Q1) A popular and effective form of family support according to the text is _____.
A)Head Start
B)Mentor America
C)Home visitation
D)PALS
Q2) More than _____ of all married couples with school-age children (ages 6 to 17) have both parents working outside the home.
A)one half
B)one quarter
C)nine tenths
D)two-thirds
Q3) Boys and Girls Clubs of America are one of the most successful ______ in preventing juvenile delinquency.
A)Mentoring programs
B)After-school programs
C)Job training programs
D)Comprehensive community-based programs
Q4) Discuss federally funded delinquency prevention programs. Explain your view of the federal government funding such programs.
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Chapter 13: Juvenile Justice
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Sample Questions
Q1) Secure pre-trial holding facilities for juveniles are called ____.
A)Boot camps
B)Detention centers
C)Jails
D)Secure group homes
Q2) Compare and contrast the similarities between the juvenile and adult systems.
Q3) Discuss the child saving movement.
Q4) A typical resident of the House of Refuge devotee most of his/her time to _____.
A)Education
B)Religious instruction
C)Supervised labor
D)Vocational training
Q5) _____ suggest that the court scale back its judicial role and transfer its functions to community groups and social service agencies.
Q6) The first juvenile court was established in _____.
A)Chicago
B)New York
C)Philadelphia
D)Boulder
Q7) Discuss the Illinois Juvenile Court Act; include the key provision of the act.
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Chapter 14: Police Work With Juveniles
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ that include targeting gang areas and arresting members for any law violation have not proven to be effective against gangs.
Q2) In ______, the Court held that the question of a juvenile's waiver is to be determined by the totality of the circumstances doctrine.
A)Miranda v.Arizona
B)In re Gault
C)People v.Lara
D)Bailey v.Savage
Q3) An ______ is a person who has access to criminal networks and shares information with authorities in exchange for money or special treatment under conditions of anonymity.
Q4) _____ is an evaluation of the fairness of the manner in which an offender's or another group's problem or dispute was handled by police.
Q5) Advocates of community policing regard the approach as useful in juvenile justice for a number of reasons.Name the reasons indicated by the authors.Explain your view on community policing and delinquency.
Q6) Discuss gender bias in police treatment of male and female offenders.Provide an example.
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Chapter 15: Juvenile Court Process
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Sample Questions
Q1) Knowledge of a defendant's juvenile record may assist prosecutors and judges in determining appropriate sentencing for offenders ages _____, the age group most likely to be involved in violent crime.
A)18 to 24
B)14 to 18
C)15 to 19
D)20 to 24
Q2) Recent studies found that the mental competency of youths under the age of 16 to stand trial is about the same as similarly charged adults.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In _____ the Court held that any injury resulting from the disclosure of a juvenile's record is outweighed by the right to completely cross-examine an adverse witness.
Q4) Most states refuse juveniles the right to _____ arguing that juvenile proceedings are _____, not criminal.
Q5) A number of common dispositions for juveniles were indicated in the text.List and discuss five of the common juvenile dispositions you believe to be most effective.
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17
Chapter 16: Juvenile Corrections: Probation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Six out of seven juvenile offenders in residential placement are male.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Males are more likely than females to be incarcerated for status offenses.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Requiring youth to reimburse the victims of their crimes is the most widely used form of restitution in the United States.
A)True
B)False
Q4) _____ is credited with taking the first step toward juvenile probation.
A)Massachusetts
B)Illinois
C)New York
D)Iowa
Q5) Discuss the Massachusetts Experience.What impact did the Massachusetts Experience have on community programs, in your opinion was this a positive or negative impact? Explain.
Page 18
Q6) Most delinquents are held in _____ facilities.
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Chapter 17: Delinquency and Juvenile Justice Abroad
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Sample Questions
Q1) It is estimated that _____ percent of all crimes in Japan are committed by people under age 20.
A)20
B)30
C)45
D)70
Q2) Discuss the growing problem of juvenile crime and gang violence in many African countries.Does, in your opinion, teen violence in these countries mirror teen violence in the US? Explain.
Q3) Gang violence is prevalent in the Americas and is a growing concern in parts of _____.
Q4) According to the text, in New Zealand the specialized youth aid sections of the police departments have reportedly diverted more than half of the juvenile offenders out of the juveniles justice system.
A)True
B)False
Q5) War crimes are an example of transnational crimes.
A)True
B)False
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