Youth and Crime Question Bank
Course Introduction
This course explores the relationship between youth and crime, examining the social, psychological, and economic factors that contribute to juvenile delinquency. Students will analyze patterns and trends in youth offending, as well as the impact of family, peers, schools, and community environments. The course also evaluates prevention and intervention strategies, juvenile justice systems, and relevant legal frameworks. Through critical discussion and case studies, learners gain an understanding of the challenges and approaches in addressing youth crime in contemporary society.
Recommended Textbook Criminology A Candian Perspective 8th Edition by Rick Linden
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18 Chapters
1385 Verified Questions
1385 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Crime, Criminals, and Criminology
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77 Verified Questions
77 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47853
Sample Questions
Q1) Theories of crime causation that view the root causes of crime as stemming from poverty,a lack of power,racism,and marginalization would have a particularly difficult time explaining which of the following categories of crime?
A)property theft
B)organized crime
C)white-collar crime
D)violent crime
Answer: C
Q2) Criminology is the scientific body of knowledge that examines crime (and its treatment)as a social phenomenon.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Most Canadians learn about serious crime from first-hand experience.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Social Context of Dispute Settlement and the Rise of Law
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81 Verified Questions
81 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) As the merchant class grew,social life became increasingly regulated by contracts that were regulated and enforced by a strong central state.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Which of the following is a characteristic that a small-scale society is likely to have?
A)little collective solidarity
B)a kin- or self-based redress system
C)economic inequality
D)formal laws
Answer: B
Q3) According to Reasons (1981),the Ford Pinto design problem was an example of which of the following?
A)crimes without victims
B)victims without crimes
C)crimes with victims
D)neither crimes nor victims
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Criminal Law
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75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The defence of provocation can be raised when the accused is charged with which of the following crimes?
A)arson
B)drinking and driving
C)murder
D)sexual assault
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following is true of the defence of intoxication?
A)It cannot reduce the severity of a charge such as murder to manslaughter.
B)It is primarily a "common law" defence.
C)It traditionally has applied to all offences.
D)It is based on the idea that alcohol acts as a disinhibition
Answer: B
Q3) The two main sources of criminal law are legislation and judicial decisions.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Counting Crime
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76 Verified Questions
76 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The accuracy of crime statistics is not dependent upon on the source of raw data.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following refers to what,specifically,is to be collected to compile criminal justice statistics?
A)counting procedures
B)data elements
C)units of count
D)levels of aggregation
Q3) Describe the crime severity index.Why was it developed (i.e. ,what limitations of existing UCR statistics did it address)?
Q4) The crime funnel depicts how only a fraction of criminal incidents result in a police report.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Identify,compare and contrast the concepts of reliability and validity within the context of statistics and crime statistics specifically.
Q6) Compare and contrast the crime severity index with the violent crime rate.
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Chapter 5: Correlates of Criminal Behaviour
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82 Verified Questions
82 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the textbook,which of the following best characterizes the relationship between socio-economic class and crime?
A)It is simple to understand.
B)It is unknown because of limited evidence.
C)It is complex.
D)It is a myth.
Q2) Young people have the highest rate of criminal offending in all categories of crime.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The argument that older men have more social bonds - such as marriage and children - and become less involved in crime is an example of which of the following theories?
A)life course theory
B)age-crime theory
C)middle age Theory
D)patriarchical theory
Q4) Young men make up a disproportionate amount crime.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Feminism and Criminology
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81 Verified Questions
81 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Criminologists have noted that the Conflict Tactics Scale is an incomplete measure of intimate violence because it does not capture the outcome of the violence.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The cultural construction of rape refers to which of the following?
A)the attitudes toward victims of rape adopted by the police and court workers
B)how myths about the nature of rape,rape victims,and offenders form widespread public beliefs
C)the rationales for rape used by specific rapists
D)the new ideas and conceptions concerning rape fostered by feminist scholars
Q3) Adler's women's liberation thesis posits which of the following ideas?
A)As women attain higher levels of education,they will commit more white-collar crimes.
B)Violence against women will increase as the equality of women increases.
C)As women supplant men in political and economic spheres,there will be a decrease in criminality.
D)The increase in women's crime can be attributed to the influence of the women's movement.
Q4) Describe the role of the law in condoning violence against women.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Victimology, Victim Services, and Victim Rights in Canada
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82 Verified Questions
82 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the four steps Waller recommends for Canadian police forces to reach international standards in their response to victims of crimes is to hold police officers accountable for providing information in a timely manner to victims.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to the textbook,a major reason for the loss of confidence in the police in Canada is the lack of protocols detailing how an officer responding to a 911 call should respond with regards to victims of crime.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Rape crisis centres were some of the first services established for victims of crimes. A)True
B)False
Q4) Identify and describe the different types of services and facilities available to crime victims in Canada.
Q5) Explain why Alberta has become the North American leader in the implementation of crime reduction.Provide specific details.
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Chapter 8: Early Theories of Criminology
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82 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In which of the following periods of European history did the classical school emerge and hence was most influenced by?
A)Medieval times
B)the Resistance
C)the Enlightenment
D)the Middle Ages
Q2) In the 15th century,charges of witchcraft served to reassert the authority of male leaders.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following ideas do NOT reflect the Classical School's theory?
A)Society is based on a social contract.
B)The state can provide protection but cannot violate the rights of citizens.
C)Crime is an irrational and non-utilitarian activity.
D)There should be equal punishment for equal crime.
Q4) What inspired the Classical theories of crime in the 18th century? Discuss the historical context in which these theories of crime emerged.What factors helped ferment thinking about crime and other anti-social behaviour during this period?
Q5) Explain how elites used religious ideas to combat challenges to their power.
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Chapter 9: Psychological Perspectives on Criminality
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Farrington,from which of the following factors does the motivation to commit delinquent acts arise?
A)the need for material goods or excitement.
B)frustration due to deep-seated resentment toward a middle-class measuring rod
C)poverty and the inability to achieve society's goals through legitimate means
D)identity problems stemming from childhood issues
Q2) Describe the debate over whether criminal offenders should be seen as different from non-offenders.
Q3) Substance use disorder is one of the most common mental health disorders to inmates in Canadian prisons.
A)True
B)False
Q4) One dominant critique of psychological theories is that it places too much focus on factors within the social environment that can contribute to the onset of criminal behaviour.
A)True
B)False
Q5) List and describe the three stages in Kohlberg's theory of moral development and how it is relevant to understanding juvenile delinquency.
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Chapter 10: Strain Theories
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75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cloward's contribution to strain theory was to recognize that the leap from strain to deviance was contingent upon the opportunities available to the individual.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to Cloward and Ohlin,which of the following adaptations has the fewest barriers to entry for working-class youths?
A)the passivist subculture
B)the criminal subculture
C)the retreatist subculture
D)the conflict subculture
Q3) Messner and Rosenfeld's theory of institutional anomie argues that crime is a function of American society's emphasis on material wealth,but less emphasis on legitimate means of achieving that success.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Define Durkheim's concept of anomie and explain the relevance of this concept for understanding crime in advanced societies.
Q5) Explain how strain theory converges with other theories of crime.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Conflict Theories
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76 Verified Questions
76 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Sellin,what is the expression of culture conflict when individuals who act based on the conduct norms of their own cultural group find themselves in violation of the conduct norms that the dominant group has enacted into law?
A)a crime
B)an act of the cultural resistance
C)an indiscretion
D)an institutionalized conduct norm
Q2) According to Sellin,social values that receive the protection of the criminal law are those valued by which of the following groups?
A)immigrant groups
B)the capitalist class
C)the dominant interest groups
D)the State
Q3) Left realists have been criticized for failing to take into account the political,economic and cultural history of the society in which crime occurs.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe and critique Greenberg's Marxian explanation of juvenile crime.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Contemporary Critical Criminology
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79 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following best characterizes a key goal of critical criminology in recent years?
A)conceiving programs that will work well within the existing criminal justice system
B)systematically critiquing government intrusion into the lives of the powerful
C)helping to better manage the poor and dangerous classes
D)providing justice through opening minds to more just ways of being in the world
Q2) Critical criminology has produced a unified group of scholars who promote the discipline under a single label.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Summarize the critiques that have been levelled against critical criminology.Identify other critiques not discussed in Chapter 12.
Q4) Explain Pierre Bourdieu's "field theory." Provide practical examples in how criminal behaviour is caused that can be attributed to this theory.
Q5) Is restorative justice a form of governmentality? Defend your answer.
Q6) Explain the basic tenets of contemporary critical criminology.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Interactionist Theories
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79 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Summarize the main tenets of the sociological theory of symbolic interactionism and how it has influenced criminology.
Q2) Short notes that careers in youth crime are likely to be prolonged after certain turning points have been reached.Which of the following is NOT one of the turning points discussed by Short in the textbook?
A)early interest in delinquent activities
B)the type of crime carried out by the offender
C)an early interest in drugs
D)the inability to find legitimate employment
Q3) What term does Erving Goffman use to describe a characteristic of an individual that is given a negative evaluation by others and thus distorts and discredits the public identity of the person?
A)moral rhetoric
B)stigma
C)master status
D)primary deviance
Q4) Define the concept of a criminal career and describe some of the typical characteristics of a deviant career.
Q5) Describe the implications of a master status for secondary deviation.
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Chapter 14: Social Control Theory
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77 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ties to primary groups such as the family are considered essential to fostering social control,according to Reiss.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following institutions affects delinquency when it binds its adherents to a moral community in which the teachings of this institution are salient and consistently reinforced?
A)school
B)community
C)the State
D)religion
Q3) Linden and colleagues' attempt to explain the role of delinquent peers incorporates which of the following?
A)social learning theory and social control theory
B)differential association theory and social learning theory
C)social control theory and feminist theory
D)social control theory and differential association theory
Q4) Describe and analyze the social control theories and research developed by Albert Reiss.
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Chapter 15: Deterrence, Routine Activity, and Rational
Choice Theories
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79 Verified Questions
79 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Into which of Ronald Clarke's categories of situational crime prevention techniques does the disabling of stolen cell phones fit?
A)reducing provocations
B)remove excuses
C)increase the risks
D)reduce the rewards
Q2) Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons that has been put forth explaining why mandatory minimum sentences do not deter crime?
A)Offenders may not feel they are at risk of getting caught.
B)The rate of incarceration for crimes is so low that harsh sentences only affect a small minority of serious offenders.
C)Those with drug or alcohol abuse problems are probably not deterred.
D)Most offenders are quite aware of the sentence they face if convicted.
Q3) The high frequency of repeat victimization supports lifestyle/exposure theory.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe crime prevention through social development.Compare and contrast this approach to situational crime prevention.
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Chapter 16: Organized Crime
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT a name used by members of the mafia to refer to each other?
A)goombah
B)wiseguy
C)made guy
D)good fellow
Q2) Organized crime is considered one of the more irrational forms of crime.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Alien conspiracy theory was first applied to Italian-American organized crime.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Vietnamese groups are the most widespread and powerful Asian criminal genres operating in Canada.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe a few of the tactics used by organized crime groups to support their commercial activities.
Q6) Apply ethnic succession theory to better understand the history of organized crime in Canada.
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Corporate and White-Collar Crime
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following best describes a belief held by judges who have sentenced white-collar offenders relatively leniently?
A)The offenders are treated differently because they are just scapegoats and the real offenders are the laws and the corporations.
B)The offenders are treated differently because they are apt to be rehabilitated.
C)The offenders are treated differently due to the belief that their loss of a job,professional license,or status is sufficient punishment.
D)The offenders are treated differently because they did not cause any physical harm to a victim or the community.
Q2) Losses to companies from theft by employees are almost as much as losses from shoplifting.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Explain what is meant by the concept of the "criminogenic market structure." Provide a case study of corporate crime to which this concept can be applied.
Q4) Why is white-collar crime positively related to class position?
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Page 19
Chapter 18: Cybercrime and Cyberdeviance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Phishing is when a fraudster sends an email purportedly from a bank requesting information on the target's bank account,including the password,with the intention of stealing money from that account.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following does not represent a critical infrastructure site that would be subject to a cyber-terrorist attack?
A)water treatment facility
B)nuclear power plant
C)an airport
D)a major sports stadium
Q3) Luring is when someone uses an Internet connection to access social media,chat rooms,or other places of electronic assembly to make contact with a child or person under 16 to meet for sexual purposes.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Compare and contrast cyberdeviance with cybercrime.Provide at least one example of each.
Q5) Compare and contrast cybercrime with cyber terrorism.
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