World Regional Geography
Final Exam
Course Introduction
World Regional Geography explores the physical, cultural, economic, and political characteristics of major world regions, emphasizing the diversity and interconnections among places and peoples. Through the study of distinct regions including North America, Latin America, Europe, Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Oceania students examine patterns of landforms, climate, population, language, religion, development, and global issues. The course encourages critical thinking about how geography shapes societies, influences global events, and impacts everyday life, providing a foundational understanding of the complex spatial relationships that define our world.
Recommended Textbook
Physical Geography A Landscape Appreciation 10th Edition by Darrel Hess
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Earth
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Sample Questions
Q1) At the North Pole, one degree of longitude extends ________ kilometers on the ground.
A) 0
B) 10
C) 100
D) 1,000
E) 10,000
Answer: A
Q2) The highest numbered latitude used in the geographic grid is ________°.
A) 90
B) 100
C) 180
D) 360
E) 365
Answer: A
Q3) The Sun makes up more than 99 percent of the mass of our solar system.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Portraying Earth
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Sample Questions
Q1) The one inch to the mile scale map is a small scale map.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) A line connecting points with equal precipitation is known as an ________.
A) isoneph
B) isobar
C) isotherm
D) isogonic line
E) isohyet
Answer: E
Q3) ________ is what enables aerial photographs to be viewed in "stereo."
A) Magnification
B) Overlap
C) Color
D) Varying tones
E) Digital image processing
Answer: B
Q4) The main problem with conformal projections is that ________.
Answer: areas must be distorted to show proper shapes
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Chapter 3: Introduction to the Atmosphere
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Sample Questions
Q1) Temperatures in the thermosphere are warmer than in the troposphere.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) ________ is (are) crucial to the formation of clouds in the atmosphere.
A) Ozone
B) Argon
C) Neon
D) Particulates
E) Lightning Answer: D
Q3) Chlorofluorocarbons are of concern because they absorb ozone.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Oceans heat and cool more slowly and to a lesser degree than do land masses.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Insolation and Temperature
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the Northern Hemisphere about ________ percent of the surface is land.
A) .039
B) 13.9
C) 39
D) 76
E) 91
Q2) An isotherm bends towards the Equator as it passes from the ocean over the land. One can infer
A) the season is summer.
B) the season is fall.
C) the season is winter.
D) the season is spring.
E) it is warmer over the land than the ocean.
Q3) The freezing point of water is ________ on the Kelvin scale.
A) 32
B) 0
C) 273
D) 60
E) -40
Q4) Explain the difference between a radational and an advectional inversion.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Atmospheric Pressure and Wind
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Sample Questions
Q1) A ________ is a seasonal reversal of wind.
A) sea breeze
B) taku
C) mistral
D) chinook
E) monsoon
Q2) The "trigger" of ENSO is
A) solar fluctuations
B) increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide
C) the change of pressure across the Southern Pacific
D) unknown
E) closely tied to the Arctic Oscillation
Q3) The city of Chicago has a latitude (42°N) within which part of the global circulation?
A) trade winds
B) subtropical high
C) polar easterlies
D) antitrade winds
E) westerlies
Q4) The gas law relates density, temperature, and ________ in the atmosphere.
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Chapter 6: Atmospheric Moisture
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178 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The most conspicuous difference between winter and summer precipitation totals is found in
A) the eastern U.S.
B) the intertropical convergence zone.
C) southern and eastern Asia.
D) Europe.
E) Antarctica.
Q2) If the ________ of air changes, the value of the absolute humidity changes even though there is no change in the actual amount of water vapor present.
A) temperature
B) color
C) wind speed
D) volume
E) rate of emission of electromagnetic energy
Q3) ________ are widespread low clouds associated with drizzly rain.
Q4) Draw and label a graph of lapse rates (altitude versus temperature) that show instability of the atmosphere.
Q5) Water's ability to break down rocks is the result of its ________.
Q6) ________ is a grave atmospheric pollution concern of Canadians.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Atmospheric Disturbances
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following can be said to be the "death" of a midlatitude cyclone?
A) the presence of strong temperature gradients across fronts
B) cyclogenesis
C) occlusion
D) expansion of the size of the warm sector
E) occurrence of intense precipitation
Q2) Fronts typically lean with height so that they slope at so low an angle as to be much closer to horizontal than vertical in their orientation.
A)True
B)False
Q3) On a weather map, a symbol consisting of triangles arranged along one side of a line indicates a(n) ________ front.
A) warm
B) cold
C) stationary
D) occluded
E) tropical
Q4) Explain how tornadoes form.
Q5) ________ is another name for a hurricane.
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Chapter 8: Climatic and Climate Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) The world's highest average annual precipitation is associated with a mountain in Hawaii where a total of CLOSEST TO ________ centimeters is received.
A) 10
B) 100
C) 1,000
D) 10,000
E) 100,000
Q2) The Köppen system was devised many hundreds of years ago.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Midlatitude deserts experience a ________ maximum in precipitation.
A) winter
B) summer
C) low Sun
D) steppe
E) none of the above
Q4) Some E climates give rise to tundra vegetation.
A)True
B)False
Q5) How are the climatic controls of a BWh climate different from an Af climate?
Page 10
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Chapter 9: The Hydrosphere
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Sample Questions
Q1) The total mass of every living thing is more than half water.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Some underground ice forms in spaces between soil particles.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Underground water is much more widely distributed than surface water.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following has the greatest area?
A) an ice sheet
B) floe ice
C) shelf ice
D) pack ice
E) ice pinnacles
Q5) Explain why salinity varies amongst the ocean regions of Earth.
Q6) The world's longest river also has the world's largest drainage area.
A)True
B)False
Q7) ________ is one way a natural lake can be formed.
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Chapter 10: Cycles and Patterns in the Biosphere
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following does not refer to life in the oceans?
A) vadose
B) plankton
C) nekton
D) benthos
E) food chain
Q2) It has been calculated that about 0.1 percent of solar radiation is fixed in the biosphere by photosynthesis.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The main source of free nitrogen is action by soil microorganisms and plant roots on air spaces in the soil.
A)True
B)False
Q4) As one conceptualization of a food chain, the ________ is a food chain based on the quantity and bulk of its units. There are several levels with each level containing less bulk and density than the level before.
Q5) In the early days of Earth history, ________ was poisonous to living cells; now this substance is required by living cells.
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Chapter 11: Terrestrial Flora and Fauna
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the desert biome, ________ is (are) rapid for almost all forms of life.
A) extinction
B) evolutionary anatomical applications
C) evolutionary physiological adaptations
D) the rate of perspiration ("sweating")
E) rate of reproduction
Q2) "Pampa" and "veldt" are Southern Hemisphere varieties of the ________ biome.
Q3) Vegetation growing alongside streams is termed ________.
A) riparian
B) adret
C) ubac
D) motile
E) endothermic
Q4) In the Northern Hemisphere mediterranean woodland and scrub biome, ________ is the most significant genus of trees.
Q5) The three "seasons" in the savanna are wet, dry, and ________.
Q6) Dromedaries are able to store water in their humps.
A)True
B)False
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Q7) Compare/contrast the concept of the biome with that of the zoogeographic region.
Chapter 12: Soils
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Sample Questions
Q1) For all soil orders the surface layer is the ________.
A) epipedon
B) solum
C) bedrock
D) cation
E) hardpan
Q2) Gravitational water is ________.
A) a temporary form of soil moisture
B) the same thing as capillary water
C) present when the wilting point is reached
D) the same thing as hygroscopic water
E) the most important source of water for plants
Q3) Soil is considered to include dead and decaying organic matter.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Hardpan is a calcium carbonate concentration in the B horizon.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain at least three ways in which the presence of clay is vital to the properties of the soil in which it is contained.
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Chapter 13: Introduction to Landform Study
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ is what causes sedimentary deposits to form into rock.
A) Weight of the overburden
B) Pressure
C) Precipitation of materials from water
D) Chemical cementation
E) All of the above
Q2) As they are created, sedimentary rock strata align ________.
A) horizontally
B) vertically
C) along faults
D) along folds
E) with Earth's magnetic field
Q3) The theory of continental drift was revived, expanded, and put into its present form
A) last year
B) in the 1960s
C) in the 1910s
D) in the 1800s
E) in the 1700s
Q4) ________ are the layers in sedimentary rock.
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Chapter 14: The Internal Processes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Radial walls extending outward from a volcano are ________.
A) sills
B) dikes
C) plugs
D) veins
E) clay pans
Q2) Of the states below, which has the greatest number of volcanoes (active or inactive)?
A) New York
B) Florida
C) Arizona
D) Louisiana
E) Alaska
Q3) The southern portion of the "supercontinent" envisioned by Wegener is called Gondwanaland.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The oldest continental rocks that have been discovered are on the order of ________ billion years old.
Q5) There is on the order of ________ hundred active volcanoes on Earth.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Preliminaries to Erosion: Weathering and Mass Wasting
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Sample Questions
Q1) Clays are sometimes instrumental in mass movements because of their ability to
Q2) Which of the following biological processes is effective in weathering the landscape?
A) the burrowing of animals
B) ion exchange by lichens
C) wedging by roots
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Q3) Mass wasting is generally the second step in a three-step system of denudation.
A)True
B)False
Q4) One rock is split into eight rocks of equal size. The mass of the eight rocks totals that of the original rock. What will happen to the weathering rate and why will it happen?
Q5) It is clear that all rocks will weather, waste, or erode.
A)True
B)False
Q6) In a flow, the center moves ________ than the outer edges.
Q7) With the passage of time, all talus migrates ________.
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Chapter 16: Fluvial Processes
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a first-order stream joins a second-order stream, the result is always
A) a first-order stream
B) a second-order stream
C) a third-order stream
D) a fourth-order stream
E) none of the above
Q2) Surface indicators of turbulence in streamflows include eddies and ________.
A) meandering
B) whirlpools
C) braided streams
D) dissolved load
E) fluvial processes
Q3) The ultimate destiny for any ________ is to be graded from falls into rapids and eventually eliminated.
Q4) The load carried by overland flow past a point is generally small in comparison to what a stream can transport past a point.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Sea level is usually a(n) ________ below which a stream cannot cut.
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Karst and Hydrothermal Processes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Geyser deposits tend to form ________.
A) mesas
B) terraces
C) fumaroles
D) sheets of precipitated matter
E) none of the above
Q2) Limestone caverns are closely associated with ________.
A) granite bedrock
B) hot springs and geysers
C) bedding and jointing planes
D) bicarbonate acting as an acid to dissolve rocks
E) none of the above
Q3) ________ is the term for solution topography in areas of limestone bedrock.
A) Hydrothermal
B) Dripstone
C) Doline
D) Travertine
E) Karst
Q4) Old Faithful's eruptions are now less predictable because of ________ in the 1980s.
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Chapter 18: The Topography of Arid Lands
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Sample Questions
Q1) A deflation hollow is an example of aeolian erosion.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The best example of the remnant of a Pleistocene lake in the United States is
A) Lake Powell
B) Great Salt Lake
C) Lake Mead
D) Lake Huron
E) Salton Sea
Q3) ________ represents the largest region with continuing desertification.
A) The North American Great Plains
B) The Sahara
C) The basin-and-range
D) The Sahel
E) The Amazon rainforest
Q4) Much loess deposition in eastern Asia resulted from deflation.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Many of today's loess deposits date from the time of the ________ glaciation.
Page 20
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Chapter 19: Glacial Modification of Terrain
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Sample Questions
Q1) Firn is another term for névé.
A)True
B)False
Q2) So long as a mountain glacier exists, its ice must always travel in the downhill direction.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Subarctic Asia was not heavily glaciated in the Pleistocene because of ________.
A) lack of adequate precipitation
B) tropical latitudes
C) warm ocean currents
D) heavy vegetation cover
E) high mountain ranges
Q4) During the Pleistocene Epoch, Antarctica's ice sheets expanded to cover most of the Southern Hemisphere.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The Finger Lakes district of upstate New York is a prime example of the glacial feature called ________.
Q6) The centers of spread for Pleistocene ice were in ________ latitudes.
Page 21
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Chapter 20: Coastal Processes and Terrain
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Sample Questions
Q1) Marine terraces are wave-cut benches that have been lifted above sea level.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Global warming would cause
A) tectonic uplift.
B) inundation of coastal plains.
C) the seas to become less salty.
D) global eustatic fall of sea level.
E) the size of the world ocean to become slightly smaller.
Q3) Which of the following is TRUE of tides?
A) They are upredictable for most all areas on Earth.
B) There is one cycle per day.
C) They have small effects on landforms.
D) Daily ranges cannot exceed 2 meters.
E) They are caused by Earth's rotation.
Q4) At one time, sea level was much higher than it is today.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A connecting bar which connects two headlands is also known as a ________ bar.
Page 22
Q6) ________ are the tiny marine animals that deposit coral.
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