World History Since 1500 Exam Bank
Course Introduction
This course explores global historical developments from 1500 CE to the present, emphasizing the interconnectedness of societies and cultures across continents. Major themes include the Age of Exploration, the rise and fall of empires, colonialism, revolutions, industrialization, global conflicts of the twentieth century, and the emergence of new nations. Students will examine social, economic, political, and cultural transformations, as well as the impact of globalization and technological advancements on world societies. The course encourages critical analysis of primary and secondary sources to understand how historical events continue to influence the modern world.
Recommended Textbook World History 8th Edition by William J. Duiker
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30 Chapters
3692 Verified Questions
3692 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Early Humans and the First Civilizations
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124 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The story of Osiris in ancient Egyptian religion served to
A)weaken popular belief in the pharaoh's divinity.
B)permit the people to maintain a sun cult.
C)strengthen the belief that immortality could be achieved.
D)provide a method for designing and constructing the pyramids.
E)justify wars against Syria.
Answer: C
Q2) Çatal Hüyük
Answer: Çatal Hüyük is an ancient Neolithic site located in present-day Turkey. It is one of the oldest and largest known settlements in the world, dating back to around 7500 BCE. The site is known for its well-preserved houses, which were built close together and accessed by ladders through the roofs. The people of Çatal Hüyük were early farmers and herders, and they practiced a religion that involved the worship of goddess figures and the use of elaborate wall paintings and sculptures. The site also provides evidence of early trade and craftsmanship, with artifacts such as obsidian tools and pottery being found. Çatal Hüyük is considered an important archaeological site for understanding the development of early human societies and the transition to settled agricultural lifestyles.
Q3) hominids
Answer: Answer not provided.
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Chapter 2: Ancient India
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ultimate goal of Hindus is to
A)attain a blissful, eternal afterlife.
B)attain an ultimate spiritual reunion with Brahman and escape the pain of living.
C)attain eternal life by exchanging one's karma for Atman.
D)be reborn again and again.
E)achieve enlightenment in the Western Paradise.
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following is not true about the rock chambers?
A)Ashoka originally built them to house monks and wandering ascetics.
B)They were carved out of the sides of mountains.
C)Ashoka prohibited their use for religious ceremonies.
D)Their structural format was similar to that of a Roman basilica.
E)One of the most famous rock chambers is at Ajanta.
Answer: C
Q3) The language of the Vedas was Prakrit.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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4
Chapter 3: China in Antiquity
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Sample Questions
Q1) The eastern frontier of China remained the great fault line of Asian conflict for over two thousand years.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Which of these ancient civilizations survived, intact, until the twentieth century?
A)Egyptian.
B)Aztec.
C)Hittite.
D)Chinese.
E)Aryan.
Answer: D
Q3) The beginnings of civilization in China were
A)delayed by the marauding raids of the Xia.
B)under the political organization of the Qin.
C)the result of a concentrated development of Kunming bureaucratic arrangements.
D)came from the Shang dynasty's exploitation of the nomads.
E)possibly first experienced under the Xia dynasty.
Answer: E
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Chapter 4: The Civilization of the Greeks
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following was the leading cultural center of the Hellenistic world?
A)Athens.
B)Alexandria.
C)Thebes.
D)Isfahan.
E)Persepolis.
Q2) "The Greek contribution to Western Civilization was so great that everything since the Greeks is merely a footnote to their accomplishments." Discuss, pro and con.
Q3) The Hellenizing process
A)created Greco-Macedonian domination of the population centers of the Middle East. B)provided the means for the spreading of Roman democracy to the Middle East cities. C)was hindered by the establishment of Greek cities throughout the Middle East.
D)was of greatest importance in rural areas.
E)encouraged the spread of democracy.
Q4) Ionians, Aeolians, and Dorians
Q5) Knossus
Q6) women in Sparta
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Sample Questions
Q1) Christianity was formally adopted for the Roman Empire by Constantine in 320 CE. A)True
B)False
Q2) The chief executive officers of the Roman Republic who were responsible for leading the Roman army into battle and administering the government were the A)consuls.
B)praetors.
C)senators.
D)centuriates.
E)tribunes.
Q3) Julius Caesar
A)was a member of the plebeian class.
B)defeated Octavian's army and obtained the titles of dictator, then dictator for life.
C)saw the need for change and strengthened the Senate's power.
D)was assassinated by leading senators convinced his death would restore the republic. E)all of the above
Q4) Discuss the impact of geography upon the development of Roman civilization.
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Chapter 6: The Americas
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Sample Questions
Q1) Quetzalcoatl and Huitzilopochtli
Q2) Aztec writing
A)was phonetic.
B)may have been the result of contact with traders from the Aleutians.
C)resembled ancient Greek in its organization.
D)was copied from Egyptian hieroglyphics.
E)was based upon hieroglyphs that represented an object or concept.
Q3) How did the aspect of geographic isolation from the Eurasian continental mass affect development of the civilizations in the Western hemisphere?
Q4) Inka
Q5) Andes Mountains
Q6) Mesoamerica
Q7) Compare and contrast the development of the Aztec empire with that of the Roman Empire. What are the similarities and what are the differences?
Q8) The Maya is considered to be the "mother civilization" of Mesoamerica.
A)True
B)False
Q9) the Anasazi peoples
Q10) Yucatán peninsula
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Ferment in the Middle East: the Rise of Islam
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bedouin
Q2) Gabriel
Q3) Five Pillars of Islam
Q4) All of the following were territories held under the Andalusian Caliphate EXCEPT A)Tunisia
B)Spain
C)Crete
D)Sardinia
E)Sicily
Q5) How did Turks, Christians, and Mongols influence the course of Islamic civilization?
Q6) sheikh
Q7) In addition to being Islam's sacred book, the Qur'an
A)is composed, in part, of the Christian New Testament.
B)also provides the ethical foundation for life.
C)provides a systematized body of illegal tenets and theories of political procedures.
D)took oral shape before the writing of the Christian bible.
E)was written down by Muhammad's two sons.
Q8) What factors led to the decline of the Abbasid Caliphate?
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Chapter 8: Early Civilizations in Africa
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Sample Questions
Q1) The people of North Africa, who served as trade intermediaries for the great trans-Saharan commerce, were the A)Kurds.
B)Phoenicians.
C)Carthaginians.
D)Berbers.
E)Cree.
Q2) The geographical obstacle which divides Africa's northern coast from the rest of the continent
A)is the Niger River.
B)is the Nile River.
C)are the Atlas Mountains.
D)is the Sahara Desert.
E)is the Kalahari Desert.
Q3) Ibn Battuta
Q4) Compare and contrast the elements of civilization in sub-Saharan Africa with the civilizations of Mesoamerica. What are the similarities and differences and why?
Q5) Ethiopia
Q6) the Khoi and the San
Page 10
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Chapter 9: The Expansion of Civilization in South and Southeast Asia
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Q1) Pataliputra
Q2) India's "classical age" is traditionally associated with the
A)Maurya dynasty.
B)Gupta dynasty.
C)Tughluq dynasty.
D)Angkor dynasty.
E)Mughal dynasty.
Q3) Where was the capital of the Kushan kingdom located?
A)Pataliputra
B)Bactria
C)Kanchipuram
D)Bombay
E)Karakoram
Q4) Much of what is known about China in the first half of the first millennium C.E. comes from Indian Hindu monks.
A)True
B)False
Q5) purdah
Q6) Borobudur Temple
Q7) nada Page 11
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Chapter 10: The Flowering of Traditional China
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Sample Questions
Q1) Li Bo
A)was the founder of the Ming Dynasty.
B)was a historian during the Song Dynasty.
C)was a sober Confucian civil servant.
D)wrote a poem entitled "Drinking Alone in Moonlight."
E)defeated the Mongols at Wuhan.
Q2) Li Bo and Du Fu
Q3) After the third century C.E. collapse of the Han dynasty, China fell into a long period of division and civil war.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The Mongols
A)were, under Genghis Khan, aggressive traders virtually obsessed with making profits.
B)ruled China, by means of the Yuan Dynasty, for four hundred and thirty-seven years.
C)established their capital in China at Nanjing.
D)destroyed the Chinese economy by outlawing all trade.
E)made use of Chinese institutions in governing China.
Q5) Xuanzong and Yan Guifei
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Chapter 11: The East Asian Rimlands: Early Japan, Korea, and Vietnam
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Q1) Kamakura shogunate
Q2) Buddhism became popular among the aristocratic families of Japan after Buddhist pilgrims traveled to A)India
B)China
C)Korea
D)Tibet
E)Vietnam
Q3) samurai
Q4) Literally meaning "pot scenery," the Japanese word for miniature plant display is A)Naga Kura.
B)bonsai.
C)kamikaze.
D)kana.
E)haniwa.
Q5) The "warring states era" in Japan occurred during the Tokugawa shogunate.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Yi Song-gye
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Chapter 12: The Making of Europe
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Sample Questions
Q1) In an effort to avoid the potential mayhem of the Germanic system of personal revenge for the punishment of crimes, an alternative system arose that made use of a fine called A)wergeld.
B)wingard.
C)wodoms.
D)wargast.
E)arbeiter.
Q2) The main issue of conflict between Pope Gregory V2 and Emperor Henry IV was
A)refusal to provide tithes to the church.
B)the argument of whose authority was superior.
C)lay investiture.
D)support of the Franciscan order.
E)refusing to accept younger sons of nobility into clerical orders.
Q3) Which of the following was accomplished by medieval Christian monasteries?
A)They launched an early "feminist" movement.
B)They served as centers of learning.
C)They played a major military role for their religion.
D)They enforced the tenets of the Scriptures, often by force.
E)They were under the rule of the princeps.
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Chapter 13: The Byzantine Empire and Crisis and Recovery in the
West
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Italian city that benefited from the Fourth Crusade was A)Rome.
B)Venice.
C)Florence.
D)Naples.
E)Genoa.
Q2) Macedonian dynasty
Q3) Ottoman Turks and 1453
Q4) Explore the accomplishment and opportunities for women to participate in the Renaissance movement.
Q5) Petrarch
Q6) Council of Constance, 1417
Q7) As anti-Semitism spread through Europe in response to the plague, many Jews fled to
A)Constantinople.
B)Spain.
C)Poland.
D)Jerusalem
E)Persia.
Q8) Greek fire Page 16
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Chapter 14: New Encounters: the Creation of a World Market
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Sample Questions
Q1) Batavia
Q2) As a result of the publications of Bartolomé de Las Casas,
A)Amerindian rights were recognized and respected.
B)the encomienda system was established.
C)Amerindians were more maltreated than before.
D)the Spanish government was more attentive to the needs of the native populations.
E)a new route to the Indies was discovered.
Q3) Compare and contrast the causes and consequences of the voyages of Zhenghe with those of Columbus. Speculate on how history might have be different had Zhenghe successfully navigated the Pacific to the coast of California.
Q4) What were the different approaches used for expansion of trade in the Americas and Southeast Asia, if you compare the Dutch, Portuguese, and Spanish? Why did the English have less success than the others?
Q5) Marco Polo's Travels
Q6) Moctezuma
Q7) Calicut
Q8) encomienda system
Q9) Middle Passage
Page 18
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Chapter 15: Europe Transformed: Reform and State Building
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Q1) John Calvin
A)advanced the doctrine of predestination.
B)was murdered by Lutheran police in Paris.
C)had to leave Germany, for protection, after he accepted Protestantism.
D)believed in free will.
E)left Geneva for Paris.
Q2) Advocates of "mercantilism" argued for all of the following except
A)governments should abstain from any involvement in the economy.
B)a nation prosperity depended upon a plentiful supply of bullion (gold and silver).
C)exports must exceed imports.
D)tariffs should be placed on foreign goods.
E)governments should improve transportation facilities and grant trade monopolies to businesses.
Q3) the United Provinces of the Netherlands
Q4) the Austrian Habsburgs
Q5) "bloody Mary"
Q6) Christian/northern Renaissance humanism
Q7) divine-right theory and absolutism
Q8) Henry IV, Huguenots, and the Edict of Nantes
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Chapter 16: The Muslim Empires
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Q1) What role did women play in the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal Empires? What might explain the similarities and differences? How did the treatment of women in these states compare with their treatment in other parts of the world?
Q2) What were the significant cultural contributions of Ottoman art?
Q3) As a demonstration of his commitment to religious toleration, Akbar A)married a Hindu princess as one of his wives.
B)converted to Christianity.
C)adopted the 8 Fold Path as a philosophical approach.
D)retained a cultural advisor from each faith to advise him on appropriate behavior.
E)abolished all taxation on churches and temples.
Q4) The son of Shah Jahan, who killed his brother, imprisoned his father, and then assumed the throne himself, was A)Aurangzeb.
B)Shivaji.
C)Dara Shikoh.
D)Jahangir.
E)Lothair.
Q5) What were the major cultural contributions of Mughal India? Of Safavid Persia?
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Chapter 17: The East Asian World
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Q1) By the eighteenth century, ____ had replaced ____ as the cloth of choice for most Japanese.
A)silk and leather
B)silk and wool
C)wool and cotton
D)silk and cotton
E)cotton and hemp
Q2) Which of the following is accurate regarding of the effects of Qianlong's trade policy with England?
A)It showed Lord Macartney that he could not continue to attack the Emperor.
B)It set the stage for a future of harmonious trade relations between the two powers.
C)It showed the compromising nature of the Chinese attitude.
D)It set the stage for a future of Chinese degradation and decline.
E)The emperor encouraged the British to import opium from India to China.
Q3) "Kangxi was the very model of a Chinese emperor." Discuss pro and con.
Q4) Li Zicheng
Q5) blue and white porcelain and chinoiserie
Q6) Beijing
Q7) Tokugawa Ieyasu/Tokugawa Shogunate, and the "Great Peace"
Page 21
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Chapter 18: The West on the Eve of a New World Order
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Q1) "Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen"
Q2) daily newspapers and coffeehouses
Q3) The Estates-General was convened in 1789 in order to deal with the
A)invasion of Silesia.
B)near bankruptcy of the French Treasury.
C)grievances of the French peasantry.
D)discontent in the French colonies.
E)Louis XVI's demand for more power.
Q4) In line with mercantilist theory,
A)governments had nothing to do regarding trade and manufacturing policies.
B)Latin American countries traded exclusively with their "mother" countries.
C)Latin American colonies were encouraged to manufacture.
D)American colonies were viewed as sources of raw materials and markets by Europeans.
E)the production of heavy industrial products was instituted in Mexico in 1734.
Q5) the Enlightenment
Q6) Adam Smith and laissez-faire
Q7) the Grand Empire
Q8) the taille
Q9) Frederick the Great and "the first servant of the state" Page 22
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Chapter 19: The Beginnings of Modernization:
Industrialization and Nationalism in the Nineteenth Century
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Q1) Government financial aid to industries
A)was a basic element of industrialization on the continent.
B)was most extensive, by far, in the United States.
C)did not develop in Europe before the 1870s.
D)was not a factor in the industrialization on the European continent.
E)was opposed by the major powers, meeting at the Congress of Vienna.
Q2) Battles of Königgrätz and Sedan
Q3) Sergei Witte
Q4) The unification of Germany in 1871 was the triumph of authoritarian and militaristic values over liberal constitutionalism.
A)True
B)False
Q5) the Dual Monarchy
Q6) A significant difference between British and Continental industrialization was the use of joint-stock investment banks.
A)True
B)False
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Q7) What contributed to the idea of a "world economy," and how did Europe come to dominate this?
Chapter 20: The Americas and Society and Culture in the West
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Q1) Modernism
Q2) The War of Reform in Mexico saw the Church protecting the indigenous population against the military and Liberal government.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Professional mass sporting events provided people with A)"bread and circuses," as both Marx and Bismarck, ironically, noted.
B)a direct, participatory role in the events they attended.
C)highly organized activities with extensive rules and officials to enforce them.
D)professional rugby matches staged by the American League.
E)an extension of their normal Sunday religious activities.
Q4) Charles Darwin's Origin of Species/The Descent of Man
Q5) Samuel Taylor Coleridge's Kubla Khan
Q6) What is meant by the term "mass society," and what characteristics does it use to appeal to the different classes? How did this reflect the changes of the modern world?
Q7) Florence Nightingale and Clara Barton
Q8) Porfirio Díaz
Q9) Realism
Page 25
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Chapter 21: The High Tide of Imperialism
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Q1) Thailand's King Mongkut and King Chulalongkorn
Q2) The major port for British control between the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea was
A)Singapore
B)Malacca
C)Calcutta
D)Hanoi
E)Zardoz
Q3) Which of the following led a peasant revolt in Burma against colonial rule?
A)J.F.Lugard
B)Saya San
C)Tipu Sultan
D)Ram Mohan Roy
E)Qassim Amina
Q4) Ferdinand de Lesseps and the Suez Canal
Q5) Based on British reforms in India, why is colonialism seen in both a positive and a negative light? Use Macauley's justification for teaching English (p. 610) as a point of engagement when structuring your argument.
Q6) nuoc mam
Q7) "high colonialism"
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Chapter 22: Shadows Over the Pacific: East Asia Under Challenge
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Q1) Meiji economic policies
A)included a new agricultural land tax which did not generate a great deal of revenue but profited many peasants.
B)developed a closely linked business-government relationship which accelerated industrial growth, in armaments and shipbuilding as well as silk and tea.
C)were held back by the tradition-based belief that Japanese women should not work in factories.
D)concentrated upon rural development at the expense of industrialization.
E)were a throwback to the shogunate practices of the sixteenth century.
Q2) Merchants in nineteenth century China relied more heavily on coastal routes to avoid competition from foreign shipping.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Tokyo School of Fine Arts
Q4) spheres of influence
Q5) "East for Essence, West for Practical Use"
Q6) Japanese gardens and woodblock prints
Q7) foot binding
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Chapter 23: The Beginning of the Twentieth-Century Crisis:
War and Revolution
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Q1) On June 28, 1914, the Archduke Francis Ferdinand, heir to the Austrian throne, was assassinated in the Bosnian city of A)Trieste.
B)Prague.
C)Belgrade.
D)Sarajevo.
E)Mostar.
Q2) "Peace, Land, Bread" and "All Power to the Soviets"
Q3) Treaty of Brest Litovsk
Q4) Archduke Francis Ferdinand
Q5) "stream of consciousness"
Q6) The British government
A)sharply limited free speech when it implemented the Defense of the Realm Act.
B)opposed the use of poison gas under any and all circumstances.
C)developed a program that employed over 1.3 million children, even in positions formerly beyond their previously presumed "capacity."
D)brought William Gladstone back as Prime Minister when Lloyd George was defeated.
E)seized Constantinople from the Ottomans.
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Chapter
24: Nationalism, Revolution, and Dictatorship:
Middle
East,
and Latin America From 1919 to 1939
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Q1) In the Middle East during the interwar period,
A)a massive oil discovery at Dhahran in 1938 moved Saudi Arabia from being an area of chronic poverty to one of unexpected national affluence.
B)the achievement of the "Nile breakthrough" in electricity generation opened the possibility of almost cost-free electric power to much of the entire Middle East.
C)the award of a mandate to the World Zionist Congress by the League of Nations constituted the first step in creating a Jewish state in the eastern Mediterranean.
D)the Balfour Declaration was made null and void.
E)Lawrence of Arabia was made the first king of Saudi Arabia.
Q2) Mohandas (Mahatma) Gandhi
Q3) To pacify fears of US domination in Latin America, in 1936, President Franklin Roosevelt announced the Hayes Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine to protect all nations within the Western Hemisphere.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Young Turks
Q5) Sarda Act and marriage
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Chapter 25: The Crisis Deepens: World War 2
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Q1) Erwin Rommel and El Alamein
Q2) By the end of 1926, Mussolini ruled Italy with this title:
A)der Furher
B)Il Duce
C)El Jefe
D)Beloved Leader
E)Citoyen
Q3) About 40 percent of Europe's Gypsy population was murdered in the death camps.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Mussolini and Hitler joined forces in support of
A)Hitler's occupation of Ethiopia
B)Japan's invasion of Nanking
C)Franco's fascist army in the Spanish Civil War
D)annexing Poland
E)occupying Belgium.
Q5) How did women's roles vary in practical aspects (economically, socially, culturally) in fascist Italy and Germany, versus Stalinist Russia? Were the fundamental principles of Communism and Fascism different philosophically with respect to women's roles? How did propaganda in these regions support these ideas?
Page 31
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Chapter 26: East and West in the Grip of the Cold War
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Q1) By aiding the Afghanistan resistance to the Soviet Union, the United States helped maintain a Vietnam-like war that kept the Soviets bogged down in its own quagmire.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Warsaw Pact
Q3) Warfare resumed in Vietnam in 1959 because
A)of the Afghan invasion of Kazakhstan.
B)Ho Chi Minh rejected the Geneva Accords.
C)the United States, fearful of a Communist victory in the elections agreed to at Geneva, had ignored the Geneva Accords and aided the South Vietnamese government.
D)Ngo Dinh Diem began a Communist takeover of South Vietnam.
E)of the Chinese Communist invasion of nearby Cambodia.
Q4) Richard Nixon's visit to China
Q5) Marshall mission to China
Q6) Communist China sent Chinese troops to assist Ho Chi Minh and the Viet Cong in the Second Indochina War.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 27: Brave New World: Communism on Trial
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Q1) Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution
Q2) How did Nikita Khrushchev change the system that the Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin had put in place before his death in 1953? To what degree did his successors adopt Khrushchev's policies? How did the domestic and foreign policy goals and policies of Nikita Khrushchev and Leonid Brezhnev differ, and why? Would the Soviet Union have been better off if Khrushchev had been in power longer? Explain.
Q3) Tiananmen Square, 1989
Q4) Which was NOT one of the Four Modernizations?
A)Industry
B)Agriculture
C)Education
D)National Defense
E)Technology
Q5) Mikhail Gorbachev
Q6) Deng Xiaoping's "black cat, white cat"
Q7) Lech Walesa and Solidarity
Q8) In what ways did the cultural environment in Soviet Russia begin to reflect the changes of both the thaw under Khruschev and the restrictions of the Brezhnev era? How did the ideas of glasnost affect the expression of cultural ideas?
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Chapter 28: Europe and the Western Hemisphere Since
1945
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Q1) Thatcherism
A)increased the benefits of the welfare state.
B)restricted union power.
C)increased the power of the labor unions.
D)resulted in high unemployment in southern England.
E)ended capitalism in Britain.
Q2) Mexico's Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)
Q3) hijab controversy in France
Q4) Which of the following is a correct statement about postwar Canadian political development?
A)Lester Pearson advocated political union with the United States.
B)The Liberal Party created Canada's welfare state.
C)Brian Mulroney opposed a free trades agreement with the United States that was very well received by all Canadians.
D)Quebec was granted independence in 2006, as a result of the national referendum.
E)Vast oil reserves were discovered off the coast of British Columbia.
Q5) Fidel Castro, Bay of Pigs, and the Cuban Missile Crisis
Q6) "the permissive society"
Q7) "change we can believe in"
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Chapter 29: Challenges of Nation Building in Africa and the Middle East
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Q1) Why were Algeria and South Africa so much more difficult to expel European colonials from? Did the form of occupation make a difference? What strategic or economic benefits did these countries have that made European states so reluctant to allow independence?
Q2) Describe the economic role of the oil industry and its relationship to political stability or instability in the nations of the Middle East. Are there policies by which outside powers can aid in creating stability there, or have they already "done too much"?
Q3) The author who despaired of the corruption of the new national leaders such as Nkrumah was
A)Ayi Kwei Armah, The Beautiful Ones are not Yet Born
B)Chinua Achebe, Things Fall Apart
C)Sefi Atta, Everything Good Will Come
D)Yasmina Khadra, The Swallows of Kabul
E)Elechi Amadi, Sunset in Biafra
Q4) 1948 Israeli-Arab war
Q5) AIDS
Q6) Operation Desert Storm
Q7) Syria's Ba'ath Party
Q8) Nigeria's Christians and Muslims
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Chapter 30: Toward the Pacific Century
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Q1) How have the "everyday" options for women in Japan changed since World War 2? With what results? Have these changes been advantageous for women and/or Japan as a whole? Why or why not?
Q2) The controversial Indian writer who uses the technique of magical realism and who has angered Moslems is A)Anita Desai.
B)Salmon Rushdie.
C)R.K.Narayan.
D)V.S.Naipaul.
E)E.M.Forster.
Q3) Following the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi, A)Kashmir was ceded to Pakistan.
B)the Congress Party began to increase its political hold over the Indian people.
C)the Indian economy showed its first signs of a slowdown since 1950.
D)the Bharatiya Janata Party began to directly challenge the Congress Party for power.
E)relations between Hindus and Muslims improved rapidly.
Q4) Chiang Kai-shek and the Nationalists
Q5) Philippines independence, July 1946
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