Women's and Gender Studies Exam Preparation Guide
Course Introduction
Women's and Gender Studies is an interdisciplinary field that critically examines the social, cultural, political, and historical contexts of gender and sexuality. The course explores the ways in which gender intersects with other social categories such as race, class, ethnicity, and sexuality, shaping individual experiences and societal structures. Students will engage with feminist theories, activism, and a variety of global perspectives to gain a deeper understanding of issues such as inequality, identity, representation, and resistance. Through readings, discussions, and analytical assignments, this course encourages critical thinking and fosters a commitment to social justice and gender equity.
Recommended Textbook
Sexuality Now Embracing Diversity 4th Edition by Janell L. Carroll
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18 Chapters
1350 Verified Questions
1350 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Exploring Human Sexuality: Past and Present
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75 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) How did the Planned Parenthood organization first begin?
A) As a place women went to for abortions in the 1920s
B) As a health clinic for prostitutes and drug addicts during the 1960s
C) As a birth control clinic in New York
D) As a clinic where married couples went for advice and counseling related to sexual problems
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following is most attributed to the liberation of female sexuality?
A) The development of antibiotics for STIs.
B) The development of nonfiction sex manuals.
C) The development of the contraceptive pill.
D) The invention of the television.
Answer: C
Q3) Margaret Sanger argued that masturbation caused mental illness.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Briefly describe the history of the vibrator. How was it a reflection of the status of women at that time it was invented?
Answer: Not provided.
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Understanding Human Sexuality: Theory and Research
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75 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A research process is a set of assumptions, principles and methods that help a research understand the nature of the phenomenon being studied.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior found condom use was higher among African Americans than among White Americans.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Of the following early sexuality researchers, who would most likely label homosexual behavior as pathological?
A) Magnus Hirschfeld
B) Richard von Krafft-Ebing
C) Katharine Bement Davis
D) Clelia Mosher
Answer: B
Q4) Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of Freud's psychoanalytic theory. Answer: Not provided.
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Communication: Enriching Your Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Critics of Tannen's work regarding gender and communication question her assumption that:
A) Gender is biologically based.
B) Gender is socially constructed.
C) There are no gender differences.
D) Sexual orientation is biologically based.
Answer: A
Q2) Where is the majority of a person's gaze directed during a typical conversation?
A) Just over the shoulder of the other person
B) The eyes, nose and mouth of the other person
C) To the things going on in the immediate environment
D) The hands of the other person
Answer: B
Q3) Who is more likely to apologize in relationships?
A) Homosexual men
B) Heterosexual men
C) Heterosexual women
D) Men and women equally regardless of sexual orientation
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Gender Development, Gender Roles, and
Gender Identity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Stewart has small testicles, a low level of testosterone, feminized body contours and is infertile. What is Stewart's most likely diagnosis?
A) Kleinfelter's syndrome
B) Triple X syndrome
C) Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
D) Hermaphroditism
Q2) All of the following are true about sex development and brain differentiation EXCEPT:
A) Sexual differentiation of the brain occurs prior to sexual differentiation of the genitals.
B) Male brains signal continuous release of hormones.
C) Female brains signal release of hormones in a cyclical pattern.
D) Hormones influence development of the brain both in the uterus and after birth.
Q3) Someone with Turner syndrome would look like a genetic female at birth.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Define androgyny and give two examples of androgynous behavior.
Q5) How do gender roles affect satisfaction with life in the senior years?
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Chapter 5: Female Sexual Anatomy and Physiology
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are two functions of the ovaries?
A) To produce eggs and regulate sexual arousal
B) To produce eggs and secrete hormones
C) To produce estrogen and regulate menstruation
D) To produce estrogen and fertilize sperm
Q2) Which of the following is a function of the cervix?
A) Allow menstrual fluid out of the uterus
B) Allow sperm to enter the uterus
C) Allow babies to pass out of the uterus
D) All of these
Q3) A women who wants to reduce the severity of menstrual cramping without medication might find all of the following helpful, EXCEPT:
A) Moderate exercise
B) Moderate alcohol use
C) Reducing caffeine intake
D) Orgasm
Q4) Identify and explain what happens during each of the four phases of the menstrual cycle.
Q5) Explain what breasts are composed of and the various structures contained in them.
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Chapter 6: Male Sexual Anatomy and Physiology
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Sample Questions
Q1) How many sperm per milliliter on average does each ejaculation contain?
A) 10,000-20,000 per milliliter
B) 500,000-700,000 per milliliter
C) 50-150 million per milliliter
D) 500-700 million per milliliter
Q2) Discuss what is known about testicular self-examinations. Include information about how often they should be performed, techniques for completing a self-exam, and obstacles to performing self-exams.
Q3) According to an evolutionary scientist, what characteristic of the penis would serve an important function related to sperm competition (when the sperm of two or more men is present in the female reproductive tract)?
A) The force of ejaculation
B) Sperm count
C) Coronal ridge
D) Penis size
Q4) The urethra carries urine outside of the body and the corpus cavernosum carries sperm outside of the body.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Love and Intimacy
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Sample Questions
Q1) When asked to describe his relationship with his partner, Jason says he knew it was love at first sight and that he loves to close his eyes and feel the touch and smell of his lover. According to Lee what is Jason's love style?
A) Ludic
B) Storge
C) Manic
D) Erotic
Q2) One's culture has a more powerful impact on love beliefs than one's gender.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Provide an example either from your own experience or from research that illustrates each of the following perspectives on love: evolutionary, behavioral reinforcement, cognitive, and physiological arousal.
Q4) What is a term that identifies the group of people a person may be attracted to?
A) Love repertoire
B) Attraction index
C) Personality profile
D) Field of eligibles
Q5) Identify and describe each of John Alan Lee's colors of love.
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Chapter 8: Childhood and Adolescent Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Four-year-old Emma knows that she is a girl, but sometimes says things indicating that she thinks she may be a boy in the future. Emma has not yet achieved:
A) Gender identity
B) Gender constancy
C) Gender integration
D) Gender role identification
Q2) What is the significance of the Quinceañera celebration in Latino communities?
A) To announce a daughter's availability to potential mates
B) A time to celebrate a young girl's transition into adolescence
C) A time to celebrate a young girl's first period
D) To announce a daughter's graduation from middle school
Q3) What is the average age for American students' first sexual intercourse?
A) 14
B) 15
C) 16
D) 17
Q4) List and discuss the four reasons given in your textbook related to parents' anxiety about talking with their children about sexuality.
Q5) Summarize the four goals of comprehensive sexuality education programs.
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Chapter 9: Adult Sexual Relationships
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Sample Questions
Q1) When choosing someone to date, a person's race has been found to be more important than his or her religion.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Identify three advantages and three disadvantages of cohabitation as discussed by the textbook.
Q3) Which of the following statements best describes a typical pattern related to interracial dating?
A) White people are more likely than any other racial/ethnic group to report being open to a mixed race relationship.
B) Men and women with lower education levels report the highest degree of openness to mixed race relationships.
C) Heterosexual men and women are more likely than their homosexual counterparts to be open to mixed race relationships.
D) While college students are more open to casual and sexual mixed race relationships, most report preference for their same race/ethnicity for long-term relationships.
Q4) Compare and contrast men's and women's adjustment to divorce.
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Chapter 10: Sexual Expression
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the most prevalent sexual behavior among men and women of all ages?
A) Masturbation
B) Manual sex
C) Oral sex
D) Vaginal intercourse
Q2) In both men and women, a series of contractions characterizes an orgasm.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Students from households with married parents and traditional family backgrounds are MORE likely to:
A) Not talk with their parents about sexuality related topics.
B) Have liberal attitudes about sexual behaviors.
C) Have fewer lifetime sexual partners.
D) Get married at an early age.
Q4) Describe both the advantages and disadvantages for each of the following sexual positions: male-on-top; female-on-top; rear entry.
Q5) A prescription is required to get a dental dam.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What is manual sex? Give two reasons why it is becoming more common.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Sexual Orientation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following describes hate crimes?
A) Hate crimes include crimes motivated by hatred of religion, sex, race, and sexual orientation.
B) According to the APA, hate crimes against homosexuals are the most socially acceptable crimes.
C) Hate crimes are known as "message crimes."
D) All of these are true.
Q2) Which statement describes many Central and South American countries' views of same-sex sexual behavior?
A) Any sexual contact between men is considered homosexual.
B) A man is not considered a homosexual if he takes an active, penetrating role with male sexual partners.
C) Masculine and feminine roles are equally valued therefore homosexuality is not looked down upon.
D) A man is not considered a homosexual if he takes a passive role in anal intercourse with another man.
Q3) Describe and discuss two of the following theories of homosexuality. Biological; Developmental; Behavioral; Sociological; Interactional
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13
Chapter 12: Pregnancy and Birth
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement is most descriptive of problems during childbirth?
A) The overall premature birth rate in the U.S. has been increasing over the past decade.
B) The overall rate of C-section deliveries have steadily been declining in the U.S.
C) C-section is most often the delivery method of choice for fetuses in the breech position.
D) Most women who have a stillbirth are not able to carry future pregnancies to term.
Q2) A pregnant woman begins to feel fetal movement, has more energy and less morning sickness. What stage of pregnancy is she in?
A) The first trimester
B) The second trimester
C) About 8 weeks into the pregnancy
D) About 8 weeks left to go in the pregnancy
Q3) Exercise is not advised during pregnancy.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Identify four signs of pregnancy, and explain why they occur.
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14
Chapter 13: Contraception and Abortion
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Sample Questions
Q1) A medical abortion works by:
A) Causing the cervix to dilate so the pregnancy cannot be sustained.
B) Stopping the development of the growing embryo.
C) Causing a breakdown in the uterine lining and uterine contractions that expel the fetus.
D) Causing the body to have an immunological reaction to the fetus which causes expulsion.
Q2) Statistically speaking, who is more likely to have an abortion in the U.S.?
A) Janea, a 15-year old
B) Rachel, a 23-year old
C) Ann, a 34-year old
D) Julie, a 42-year old
Q3) Which group of women may experience lower effectiveness rates with hormonal methods of birth control?
A) Women ages 15-19
B) Women over 35
C) Women who are significantly overweight
D) Women who exercise too much
Q4) Describe three different characteristics that are at the foundation of natural family planning.
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Chapter 14: Challenges to Sexual Functioning
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Sample Questions
Q1) What factor is associated with the disorder of delayed ejaculation?
A) High masturbatory activity
B) Lower levels of sexual satisfaction
C) Higher levels of anxiety and depression
D) All of these
Q2) If the primary focus of treatment is to reduce the anxiety associated with erectile disorder, what treatment method would be most likely?
A) Sensate focus
B) Viagra
C) Testosterone cream
D) Intracavernous injections
Q3) Erectile disorders in younger men are more likely to be _______ based, whereas erectile disorders in older men are more likely to be _______ based.
A) Physically, psychologically
B) Psychologically, physically
C) Relationally, environmentally
D) Environmentally, relationally
Q4) Identify and define the different ejaculatory disorders and one possible treatment for each.
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Chapter 15: Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS
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Sample Questions
Q1) What can trigger herpes outbreaks?
A) Exposure to sunlight
B) Fatigue
C) Chapped lips
D) All of these
Q2) All of the following statements are true regarding human papillomavirus (HPV)
EXCEPT:
A) There are over 40 types of HPVs.
B) The majority of people who are infected do not know they have it.
C) Some strains of HPV cause genital warts and some strains can lead to cervical cancer.
D) Once a person is infected with HPV, it is impossible to get rid of.
Q3) What does the term "autoinoculation" refer to?
A) The period of initial infection with an STI
B) Passing an STI back and forth between partners
C) Self-infecting a new area of one's body with an existing STI
D) Developing an STI from something besides sexual activity
Q4) Most bacterial infections can be treated with antibiotics.
A)True
B)False
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Varieties of Sexual Expression
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is a way that sexual variations are measured and assessed?
A) Talking directly with the person
B) Behavioral observation
C) Physiological testing
D) All of these
Q2) Identify and explain three common motivations for paraphiliac behaviors.
Q3) Which of the following statements is descriptive of individuals with a fetish?
A) Most people with a fetish are women.
B) People are generally open in talking about their fetish.
C) A person with a fetish often has difficulty connecting interpersonally with his/her partner.
D) People with a fetish have a specific object of preference but may or may not be dependent on that object for arousal.
Q4) During therapy, an exhibitionist is asked to imagine what his/her behavior was like from the perspective of the victim. What type of treatment is this person most likely receiving?
A) Aversion therapy
B) Systematic desensitization
C) Relapse prevention counseling
D) Empathy training
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Chapter 17: Power and Sexual Coercion
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Q1) A large contributor to rape in our culture is sex-role stereotyping, which reinforces the idea that men are strong, aggressive, and assertive, whereas women are supposed to be slim, weak and passive. What theory about rape does this concept support?
A) Victim precipitation
B) Feminist
C) Sociological
D) Humanistic
Q2) All of the following are true related to intimate partner violence (IPV) EXCEPT:
A) IPV is rare among teen and college couples.
B) IPV typically involves a pattern of abuse rather than a single isolated event.
C) Many people experiencing IPV stay because they believe the abuse is their fault or that it would be unsafe to leave.
D) Gay and bisexual men are reluctant to seek help for IPV due to lack of social support.
Q3) Compare and contrast the victim precipitation theory and rapist psychopathology theory, using specific examples to describe each. Discuss the implications of each related to developing rape prevention programs.
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Chapter 18: Sexual Images and Selling Sex
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Sample Questions
Q1) Considering advertisers know that "sex sells", what is the purpose of their advertising methods?
A) To get your attention
B) To get you physiologically aroused
C) To get you to associate feelings of excitement with the product being advertised
D) All of these
Q2) What is true regarding the United States' involvement in the sex trafficking industry?
A) While sex trafficking does occur in the U.S., it is much less likely than in most other countries.
B) Sex trafficking in the U.S. is more likely to involve women.
C) Sex trafficking in the U.S. is more likely to involve children.
D) The U.S. is the second largest destination and market country for women and children trafficked by the sex industry.
Q3) Explain how the courts define pornography and obscenity. Be sure to include the specific criteria used to distinguish each.
Q4) Identify the pros and cons of legalized sex work.
Q5) Identify what factors research has found motivate people to hire sex workers.
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Page 20