Wireless Networks
Midterm Exam
Course Introduction
This course provides an in-depth exploration of wireless networking principles, technologies, and protocols. Students will learn about the fundamentals of wireless communication, including radio frequency transmission, modulation techniques, and antenna concepts. The course covers major wireless standards such as Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11), Bluetooth, cellular networks (4G, 5G), and emerging technologies in the Internet of Things (IoT). Topics also include network architecture, medium access control, security challenges, mobility management, and performance optimization. Through practical labs and case studies, students will gain hands-on experience in designing, configuring, and troubleshooting wireless networks in real-world scenarios.
Recommended Textbook
Data and Computer Communications 10th Edition by William Stallings
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Data Communications, data Networks,
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Q1) An ________ extends a company's intranet out onto the Internet to allow selected customers,suppliers,and mobile workers to access the company's private data and applications.
Answer: extranet
Q2) Recent offerings of ________ multiplexing enable capacities of many terabits per second for long-distance telecommunication and data network links.
Answer: dense wavelength division
Q3) Enterprises have formed ________ to reach customers,suppliers,and partners while isolating their proprietary information from unwanted access.
A)intranets and extranets
B)internets and extranets
C)WANS and extranets
D)LANS and WANS
Answer: A
Q4) The Internet evolved from the ________ which was developed in 1969 by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the U.S.Department of Defense.
Answer: ARPANET
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3
Chapter 2: Protocol Architecture, tcpip, and
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Q1) It is not necessary for each host on a subnet to have an unique global internet address.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Databases,information kiosks,hypertexts,electronic books,and multimedia expert systems are examples of multimedia ________ systems. Answer: information
Q3) The addiction of control information to data is referred to as ________. Answer: encapsulation
Q4) Facsimile,computer aided design,publishing and medical imaging are all ________ based applications.
A)text
B)image
C)video
D)audio
Answer: B
Q5) In the TCP/IP architecture constituent networks are referred to as ________. Answer: subnetworks
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Chapter 3: Data Transmission
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Q1) The ________ bandwidth is the band where most of the signal energy is concentrated.
Answer: effective
Q2) To achieve greater distances in digital transmissions ________ are used.
Answer: repeaters
Q3) The greater the bandwidth of the signal the greater its information carrying capacity.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) The communication of data by the propagation and processing of signals is ________.
A)interlacing
B)transmission
C)signaling
D)effective bandwidth
Answer: B
Q5) In a ________ guided configuration more than two devices share the same medium.
Answer: multipoint
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Chapter 4: Transmission Media
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Q1) A ________ consists of two insulated copper wires arranged in a regular spiral pattern.
A)coaxial cable
B)optical fiber
C)cable
D)twisted pair
Q2) Often used in LANs,________ transmission has a higher refractive index at the center which makes the light rays moving down the axis advance more slowly than those near the cladding.
Q3) The least expensive and most widely used guided transmission medium for both analog and digital signals is ________.
Q4) Microwave is used for satellite communications.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Coaxial cable is used to transmit both analog and digital signals.
A)True
B)False
Q6) In a data transmission system the ________ medium is the physical path between transmitter and receiver.
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Chapter 5: Signal Encoding Techniques
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Q1) PCM starts with a continuous time,continuous amplitude signal from which a digital signal is produced.
A)True B)False
Q2) In ________ signaling an analog or digital data source is encoded into a digital signal.
A)polar
B)carrier
C)analog
D)digital
Q3) Both analog and digital information can be encoded as either analog or digital signals.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The process of converting analog data into digital data is known as ________.
Q5) The ________ rate,expressed in baud,is the rate at which the signal level is changed.
Q6) The parameter known as the ________ is the ratio of the amplitude of the input signal to the carrier.
Q7) NRZI is an example of ________ encoding.
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Chapter 6: Error Detection and Correction
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Q1) The _________ is a string of 1-bit storage devices with each device having an output line,which indicates the value currently stored,and an input line.
A)shift register
B)parity
C)digital logic
D)none of the above
Q2) ___________ operates in a fashion similar to error detection but is capable of correcting certain errors in a transmitted bit stream.
Q3) The ________ is a measure of how much additional bandwidth is required to carry data at the same data rate as without the code.
Q4) A __________ error can occur in the presence of white noise.
Q5) Error correction works by adding ________ to the transmitted message.
A)decoding
B)clarification
C)error burst
D)redundancy
Q6) The ratio of redundant bits to data bits is called the ________ of the code.
Q7) The data,plus preamble,postamble and control information are called a ________.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Data Link Control Protocols
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Q1) Error control enables a receiver to regulate the flow of data so that the receiver's buffers do not overflow.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The receiver must be able to distinguish control information from the data being transmitted.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The most important data link control protocol is ________.
Q4) The flow control in which the destination can stop the flow of data simply by withholding acknowledgment of the receipt of a frame is ________ flow control
A)data
B)stop-and-wait
C)frame acknowledgment
D)ARQ
Q5) The form of flow control where A and B are connected via a full-duplex link and A maintains a list of sequence numbers that it is allowed to send without receiving any acknowledgment and B maintains a list of sequence numbers that it is prepared to receive is ________ flow control.
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Chapter 8: Multiplexing
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Q1) With ________,the outgoing data rate of the multiplexer,excluding framing bits,is higher than the sum of the minimum instantaneous incoming rates.The extra capacity is used by stuffing extra dummy bits into each incoming signal until its rate is raised to that of a locally generated clock signal.
Q2) In ________ modulation,each signal occupies a distinct frequency band so these signals can be combined by simple addition to produce the composite signal for transmission.
Q3) The schemes for providing high speed digital transmission of the subscriber line are collectively referred to as ________.
A)DMT/QAM
B)SDSL
C)VDSL
D)xDSL
Q4) Two problems that an FDM system must cope with are crosstalk and ________ noise.
A)blanketed
B)amplified
C)intermodulation
D)channeled
Q5) The digital subscriber line combines FDM and ________ technologies.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Wan Technology and Protocols
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Q1) The packet switching network is a distributed collection of packet switching nodes.Because the nodes are distributed,there is a time delay between a change in status in one portion of the network and knowledge of that change elsewhere.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A ________ switch is one in which the signal paths are physically separate from one another.Each connection requires the establishment of a physical path through the switch that is dedicated solely to the transfer of signals between the two endpoints.
Q3) Typically standards for packet-switching network interfaces do not define a virtual circuit service.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In the ________ approach in packet switching each packet is treated independently with no reference to packets that have gone before.
A)datagram
B)media gateway
C)softswitch
D)virtual circuit
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Chapter 10: Cellular Wireless Networks
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Q1) ________ occurs when an electromagnetic signal encounters a surface that is large relative to the wavelength of the signal.
A)Scattering
B)Diffraction
C)Reflection
D)Termination
Q2) The number of cells in a repetitious pattern,(each cell in the pattern uses a unique band of frequencies),is termed the ________.
Q3) The time variation of received signal power caused by changes in the transmission medium is referred to as ________,which is a major technical problem for cellular networks.
Q4) Cells in areas of high usage can be split into smaller cells.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Third generation wireless communication supports ________.
A)voice but not multimedia data
B)multimedia but not voice
C)multimedia and voice
D)voice but not video
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Chapter 11: Local Area Network Overview
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Q1) The basic logical link control protocol is modeled after ________ and has similar functions and formats.
Q2) There are four alternative media that can be used for a bus LAN: baseband coaxial cable,broadband coaxial cable,optical fiber,and ________.
Q3) A transmission of a frame by any one station in a bus or tree topology can be heard by other stations.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The function of a ________ protocol is to control access to the transmission medium in order to provide for an orderly and efficient use of that capacity.
Q5) Each station attaches to the network at a repeater in the star topology and can transmit data onto the network through the repeater. A)True B)False
Q6) The tree layout begins at a point known as the ________.
Q7) Transmission is generally in the form of frames when using a ring topology. A)True B)False
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Ethernet
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Q1) With full-duplex operation a station can transmit and receive simultaneously.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Ethernet has both a medium access control layer and a physical layer.
A)True
B)False
Q3) With ________,a station wishing to transmit first listens to the medium to determine if another transmission is in progress.If the medium is in use,the station must wait.If the medium is idle,the station may transmit.
A)ALOHA
B)transmission backlog delay
C)Ethernet
D)CSMA
Q4) IEEE802.3b defines the operation of VLAN bridges and switches.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The earliest medium access control technique is known as ________ and was developed for packet radio networks.
Q6) For the lower data rates the ________ MAC protocol is used.
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Chapter 13: Wireless Lans
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Q1) The ________ is a set of one or more interconnected BSSs and integrated LANs that appear as a single BSS to the LLC layer at any station associated with one of these BSSs.
A)DS
B)AP
C)MPDU
D)ESS
Q2) A wireless LAN linked into a wired LAN on the same premises is referred to as a LAN ________.
A)interconnection
B)handoff
C)ad hoc
D)extension
Q3) The IEEE 802.11 standards do not include a specification of speed versus distance objectives.
A)True
B)False
Q4) ________ access provides a wireless link between a LAN hub and a mobile data terminal equipped with an antenna,such as a laptop computer or notepad computer.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: The Internet Protocol
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Q1) The driving motivation for the adoption of a new version of IP was the limitation imposed by the 32-bit address field in IPv4.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A static table is more flexible than a dynamic table in responding to both error and congestion conditions.
A)True
B)False
Q3) IPv6 allows three types of addresses: unicast,anycast,and ________.
Q4) The source and destination address fields in the IP header each contain a 32-bit global internet address,generally consisting of a network identifier and a _______.
Q5) A device attached to one of the networks of an internet that is used to support end user applications or services is ________.
A)an end system
B)a router
C)a subnet
D)an intermediate system
Q6) The most widely used protocol for internetworking is the ________.
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Chapter 15: Transport Protocols
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Q1) TCP mechanisms can be grouped into the categories of data transfer,connection termination,and ________.
Q2) All of the following are ways of the receiving transport entity to cope with the flow control requirement EXCEPT:
A)use a credit scheme
B)do nothing
C)use a fixed sliding-window protocol
D)accept further segments from the network service
Q3) "Abort connection when no segments are received" is the ________ Transport Protocol Timer.
A)2MSL
B)Keepalive
C)Retransmission
D)Persist
Q4) Connection establishment in TCP always uses a ________.
A)four-way handshake
B)three-way handshake
C)two-way handshake
D)handshake
Q5) The two facilities that TCP provides for labeling data are push and ________.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Advanced Data Communications Topics
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Q1) The ratio of data bits to total bits,k/n,is called the _________ .
A)code rate
B)parity-check matrix
C)systematic code
D)redundancy
Q2) (A)Process received bits to compute the syndrome code in exactly the same fashion as the encoder processes the data bits to produce the check code; (B)if the syndrome bits are all zero,no error has been detected; and (C)if the syndrome is nonzero,perform additional processing on the syndrome for error correction,-- is the procedure for the decoding of a _________ code.
Q3) Frequency modulation and phase modulation are special cases of _________ modulation.
Q4) __________ proposed an approach for the construction of LDPC codes by defining the LDPC parity-check matrix.
A)MacKay
B)Reed
C)Gallager
D)Neal
Q5) Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem is an example of a _________ code.
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Chapter 17: Wireless Transmission Techniques
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Q1) With ________ it is possible to simultaneously transmit either from or to different users by allocating the subcarriers during any one-time interval to multiple users.
A)OFDMA
B)SC-FDMA
C)SC-TDMA
D)all of the above
Q2) A disadvantage of MU-MIMO is that the available capacity cannot be shared to meet time-varying demands.
A)True
B)False
Q3) MIMO exploits the space dimension to improve wireless systems in terms of
A)range
B)capacity
C)reliability
D)all of the above
Q4) The ________ reverses the FFT operation.
Q5) There are two applications of MU-MIMO: Uplink--Multiple Access Channel,MAC and
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Chapter 19: Routing
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Q1) ________ schemes can be categorized based on a number of factors,such as: what criterion is used to determine the best route between two nodes,what strategy is used for obtaining information needed to determine route,and whether a distributed or centralized algorithm is used.
Q2) A key design issue in switched networks is routing.
A)True
B)False
Q3) For ________,a single,permanent route is configured for each source-destination pair of nodes in the network.The routes only change when there is a change in the topology of the network.
Q4) The designer who seeks robustness does not need to cope with the requirement for stability. A)True B)False
Q5) For internal ________ operation a routing decision is made at the time the virtual circuit is established.
Q6) The selection of a route is generally based on some performance criterion. A)True B)False
20
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Chapter 20: Congestion Control
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Q1) Typically,_______ congestion control techniques operate over connection-oriented networks and control the flow of packets over individual connections.
Q2) Explicit congestion signaling approaches work forward but not backward.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The ________ specifies the amount by which the data rate can exceed the token rate for short periods of time.
A)bucket size
B)choke packet
C)reservation
D)exponential average
Q4) One of the things that may happen when network congestion occurs is packets are discarded.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Fairness,QoS,and reservations are all issues related to congestion control that fall into the category of __________ .
Q6) ________ algorithm addresses RTT variance estimation.
Q7) The ________ scheme provides the input parameters to a policing function.
Page 21
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Chapter 21: Internetwork Operation
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Q1) The host portion of an IP address is used by routers to move a datagram from the source computer to the network to which the target computer is attached.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The basic building block of the logical switch architecture is the ________.
A)cookie
B)flow table
C)action set
D)all of the above
Q3) A packet with a multicast address is transmitted on a LAN segment.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The SDN controller defines the data flows that occur in the SDN data plane.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A ________ is a host or router that changes its point of attachment from one network or subnetwork to another.
Q6) The act of sending a packet from a source to the members of a multicast group is referred to as __________ .
Page 22
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Chapter 22: Internetwork Quality of Service
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Q1) The ________ is the most demanding service provided by ISA.
Q2) The DS specifications refer to the forwarding treatment provided at a router as ________.This must be available at all routers and typically is the only part of DS implemented in interior routers.
A)WFQ
B)QoS
C)PHB
D)EF
Q3) ________ traffic is the traditional type of traffic supported on TCP/IP-based internets and can adjust to changes in delay and throughput across an internet and still meet the needs of its applications.
Q4) Real-time traffic is an example of ________ traffic.
Q5) A router is able to anticipate congestion and prevent applications from causing an overload.
A)True
B)False
Q6) The ________ provides a framework for the development of protocols such as RSVP to handle multimedia/multicast traffic and provides guidance to router vendors on the development of efficient techniques for handling a varied load.
Page 23
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Chapter 23: Multiprotocol Label Switching
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Q1) For each forwarding equivalence class a specific path through the network of LSRs is defined.This is called a ________ path.
Q2) Hop-by-hop routing does not readily support traffic engineering or policy routing.
A)True
B)False
Q3) One of the most powerful features of MPLS is label stacking.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A key component of an MPLS network is the use of ________ to optimize and manage the load.
A)session distribution
B)nodes
C)labeled routers
D)traffic engineering
Q5) Multiprotocol Label Switching is well suited to implementing virtual private networks. A)True
B)False
Q6) The MPLS architecture supports two routing options: hop-by-hop and ________.
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Chapter 24: Electronic Mail, dns, and Http
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Q1) ________ is an Internet standard defined in RFC 1939 that supports the basic functions of download and delete for e-mail retrieval.
A)POP3
B)IMAP4
C)ADMD
D)All of the above
Q2) The protocol that is used for transfer of mail from a user agent to a MTA and from one MTA to another is the _________ .
A)SMTP
B)MIME
C)IMAP
D)POP3
Q3) _______ is a section in a DNS message.
A)Header
B)Question
C)Authority
D)All of the above
Q4) The _______ accepts the message submitted by an MUA and enforces the policies of the hosting domain and the requirements of Internet standards.
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Chapter 25: Internet Multimedia Support
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Q1) Whereas traditional telephone networks allocate dedicated circuits for voice communications using circuit switching,VoIP uses _______,allowing the sharing of transmission capacity.
Q2) The values in the __________ enable senders,receivers,and network managers to monitor conditions on the network as they relate to a particular session.
A)Sender Report
B)RTCP
C)Timestamp
D)Note
Q3) A _________ is any network element that sends SIP requests and receives SIP responses.
Q4) Hard real-time applications impose fewer requirements on the network,and it is therefore permissible to focus on maximizing network utilization.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The RTP Timestamp is the absolute wall clock time when this report was sent.
A)True
B)False
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