Urban Sociology
Exam Answer Key
Course Introduction
Urban Sociology explores the social structures, processes, and changes characterizing urban environments, focusing on how cities shape human behavior, relationships, and cultural life. This course examines the historical development of cities, patterns of urbanization, migration, and suburbanization, and the effects of economic, political, and technological forces on urban communities. Key topics include segregation, inequality, social networks, urban planning, neighborhood dynamics, and the impact of globalization on urban spaces. Students will analyze different theoretical perspectives and empirical research to understand the complexities of urban life and contemporary challenges faced by cities around the world.
Recommended Textbook
Social Problems 13th Edition by D. Stanley Eitzen
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19 Chapters
1521 Verified Questions
1521 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: The Sociological Approach to Social Problems
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How do the authors justify the claim that the study of social problems cannot be value free? How do they suggest that we deal with bias?
Ideal
Answer: Ideal Answer: The ideal answer should include:
1. Describe the concept of value neutrality.
2. Describe the three primary objections to the ideal of value neutrality in sociological research.
3. Conclude with a discussion of the methods sociologists use to deal with the problem of bias in research.
Q2) Early social pathologists assumed that social norms were universally held and viewed social problems as behaviors or social arrangements that disturb the moral order.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) There is __________ among sociologists as to what constitutes a social problem. Answer: disagreement
Q4) Sociologists ask three types of questions: empirical,comparative,and __________.
Answer: historical
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Chapter 2 Wealth and Power: The Bias of the System
AMultiple-Choice
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of a direct interlock?
A) Smith and Jones both sit on the board of Company A.
B) Smith sits on the board of Company A and holds stock in Company A.
C) Jones sits on the board of Company A and Company B.
D) Jones and Smith are co-CEOs of Company A.
Answer: C
Q2) The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act __________.
A) prevented candidates from using their own money to win elections
B) limited the use of soft money in federal elections
C) limited the giving of large sums to affect election outcomes
D) allowed unlimited donations from individual donors
Answer: B
Q3) By paying less in taxes,the affluent are in effect reducing their support from programs that __________.
A) help the poor
B) maintain roads
C) promote finance reform
D) reduce racism
Answer: A
Page 4
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Chapter 3: World Population and Global Inequality
AMultiple-Choice
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) China's one-child policy is __________.
A) punishable by death if not followed
B) considered a human rights violation
C) followed by the entire population
D) not universal within the country
Answer: D
Q2) About __________ percent of the world's people live in the overpopulated and poverty-afflicted developing world.
A) 10
B) 50
C) 75
D) 90
Answer: C
Q3) The birth rates in countries dominated by Catholic (like Italy)or Muslim (like Iran)religious doctrines are universally higher than in non-religious countries.
A)True
B)False
Answer: FALSE
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Chapter 4: Threats to the Environment
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Curtailing the waste of energy will involve __________.
A) individual alterations of lifestyles
B) maintaining the same economic system
C) a focus on increasing consumption
D) leaving democracy for socialism
Q2) Automobile emissions are one of the leading causes of air pollution in the United States.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What percentage of fossil fuel is consumed by the United States?
A) 25 percent
B) 30 percent
C) 5 percent
D) 60 percent
Q4) Two major environmental consequences of deforestation are __________ and the vanishing of species.
Q5) The United States discards __________ percent of the world's resources.
Q6) The policy of __________ is visible when companies manufacture goods and then make changes to market new items for continued consumption.
Page 6
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Chapter 5 Demographic Changes in the United States: The
Browning and Graying of Society
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a sign of assimilation?
A) A family of immigrants hanging their native home flag in front of their house
B) A family of immigrants sending their children to an English-only school
C) A family of immigrants refusing to learn to speak English
D) A family leaving America
Q2) Economically advantaged elderly are __________ their less-well-to-do cohorts to be institutionalized.
A) not as likely as
B) as likely as
C) somewhat more likely than
D) much more likely than
Q3) Which of the following is commonly expressed as a concern about immigration?
A) Immigrants help to provide more jobs for U.S. citizens.
B) Immigrants are a drain on society's resources.
C) The increase in immigrants will decrease tension between the races.
D) The increase in immigrants in an area will boost the economy.
Q4) How did the Immigration Act amendments of 1965 impact immigration in the United States?
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Q5) Until the twentieth century high __________ and high mortality kept the U.S.a youthful nation.
Chapter 6 Problems of Place: Urban Suburban and Rural
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the environmental problems that impact rural America. Ideal
Q2) As a result of the dramatic population shift taking place in the U.S.since 1950 __________.
A) more Americans now live in the suburbs than in cities and rural areas
B) more people are relocating to urban areas
C) gentrification is at an all time low in major cities
D) more Americans now live in small towns and rural areas
Q3) When developers and speculators look to gentrify communities they like purchasing warehoused property because __________.
A) the warehouse gives them space to start a business
B) the informal economy of the residents brings in more taxes
C) they are in the more affluent parts of the city
D) they don't have to deal with getting rid of poor residents
Q4) No other industrial nation has allowed the kind of decline and deterioration that faces U.S.urban centers.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What problems are caused by urban poverty in central cities?
Q6) The poverty rate is __________ in central cities.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Poverty
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Welfare reform in 1996 __________.
A) required those on welfare to get a job immediately
B) capped welfare assistance at fifteen years
C) made large cuts in funding to the poor
D) created new education programs for poor children
Q2) The new poor __________.
A) have it easier than the old poor
B) have it harder than the old poor
C) have the same chance as the old poor of breaking out of poverty
D) have a greater likelihood of breaking out of poverty
Q3) Those who believe in the __________ believe that the poor are qualitatively different in values and lifestyles from the rest of society.
A) blaming the victim approach
B) self-fulfilling prophecy
C) culture-of-poverty
D) feminization of poverty
Q4) What is the Jensen-Herrnstein-Murray thesis for explaining poverty? Identify the critiques of this perspective. Ideal
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Chapter 8: Racial and Ethnic Inequality
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Though not popular anymore,for years scientists spent time trying to validate __________ theories by looking at things like IQ and other intelligence tests.
A) bias
B) cultural
C) biological deficiency
D) structural
Q2) Differentiate among deficiency,bias,and structural discrimination theories of racial and ethnic inequality.Which of these theories do you think best explains current race relations in the U.S.? Why? Be specific and use examples.
Ideal
Q3) As the United States is becoming a multiracial society there has been a(n)__________.
A) backlash against civil rights reforms
B) rejection of educational policy reforms
C) increase in opportunities for more qualified minorities
D) elimination of hate groups
Q4) The __________ theories postulate that racial groups differ in basic intelligence.
Q5) Explain the differences in White and minority income.
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Chapter 9: Gender Inequality
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A condition of capitalism in which male supremacy keeps women in subordinate roles at work and in the home is called __________.
A) capitalist patriarchy
B) capitalist matriarchy
C) capitalist androgyny
D) compulsory capitalism
Q2) __________ refers to the biological facts of femaleness and maleness.
A) Gender
B) Sex
C) Patriarchy
D) Androgyny
Q3) Discuss the ways in which gender and power are related.
Q4) _________ of the religious denominations in the United States ordain women.
A) Half
B) One third
C) A quarter
D) None
Q5) Television commercials help promote equality between the sexes.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Sexual Orientation
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What major events have impacted the gay rights movement?
Q2) Ernie has lately begun speaking out on the issue of gay,lesbian,and bisexual rights.He is becoming a(n)__________.
Q3) Bill believes his sexuality is a fundamental part of who he is and not something he can change.He has a sexual __________.
Q4) The media and other cultural outlets support __________,which normalizes heterosexuality while putting down homosexuality and other forms of sexual expression.
Q5) Firing someone simply for being gay is a form of __________.
A) the Employment Non-Discrimination Act
B) occupational discrimination
C) anti-Semitism
D) cultural persecution
Q6) Which company has been boycotted because it has been perceived as favorable toward gay rights?
A) Disney
B) Barnes and Noble
C) Apple
D) Microsoft
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Chapter 11: Disability and Ableism
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When the authors acknowledge that there is an ontological truth about disabilities,they are saying that disability is a social construction.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The Americans with Disabilities Act is a form of __________ rights legislation.
Q3) The __________to disability defines disability as primarily an individual issue.
Q4) In terms of their sexual relationships,the disabled tend to be treated __________.
A) as asexual, or at best inadequate
B) much like any other group of heterosexuals
C) as though they are all homosexual
D) as a sexual curiosity
Q5) In what ways has the Americans with Disabilities Act been weakened since its passage?
Q6) The hegemonic belief system in the United States works to reduce the privileges of men who are strong and self-reliant over those who are physically disabled.
A)True
B)False
Q7) What are the origins of the disability rights movement?
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Crime and Justice
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The definition of __________ views George Washington and Martin Luther King,Jr.as criminals.
A) street crimes
B) political crimes
C) white-collar crimes
D) organized crime
Q2) Gambling,prostitution,and recreational drug use are examples of victimless crimes known as __________.
Q3) Discuss the demographic characteristics of people arrested for crimes.In what way does social class impact these trends?
Q4) Cheating on personal income tax and time theft are examples of __________.
A) organized crime
B) street crime
C) white-collar crime
D) corporate crime
Q5) The data from official sources clearly indicate that people from certain social categories are more likely than others to be arrested for criminal activities.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Drugs
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81 Verified Questions
81 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The text make the case that __________ is the most dangerous drug of all.
A) alcohol
B) marijuana
C) Ritalin
D) methadone
Q2) Heroin,which is a(n)__________,is very addictive.
A) opiate
B) amphetamine
C) form of marijuana
D) hallucinogen
Q3) Explore and discuss alternative policies suggested by the authors to eliminate some of the social problems associated with drug use.
Q4) The drugs used to treat __________ are the most often stolen prescriptions and the most abused drugs in the United States today.
A) ADHD
B) cancer
C) heart disease
D) glaucoma
Q5) Explain what would have to be done to change this situation.
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Chapter 14: The Economy and Work
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ is/are a force currently transforming the U.S.economy.
A) New innovations based on computer technology
B) A shift from services to manufacturing
C) Localization of the economy
D) A booming entertainment industry
Q2) Discuss the problems associated with the reporting of employment and unemployment statistics by the government.
Q3) The speculative nature of the housing market and home flipping led to __________,and was a major contributor to the most recent recession.
A) homeshoring
B) a housing bubble
C) sunset industries
D) sunrise industries
Q4) __________ is a demographic trend that marks the current period in the economy.
A) The overall growth of the working population
B) A disproportionate representation of Whites in tenuous employment
C) A greater increase of men in the workforce
D) The concentration of high-paying jobs in the manufacturing sector
Q5) __________ believed an "invisible hand" would control the marketplace.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Families
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Stacey lives in a blended family after remarriage and her elderly mother lives with them as well so Stacey can provide in-home care.Stacey's family is an example of a __________ family.
A) modern
B) nuclear
C) postmodern
D) abnormal
Q2) The stratification hierarchy that is involved in changing and reshuffling families and individuals involve which of the following?
A) religion
B) gender
C) sexuality
D) age
Q3) Upper-class families have __________.
A) extensive kinship ties
B) weak support networks
C) very little concern for their inherited wealth
D) a large number teenage mothers
Q4) Identify and explain the five dominant myths about the ideal American family.
Q5) Many immigrants who have come to the United States have come in __________.
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Chapter 16: Education
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The authors of the text recommend a(n)__________ college education for all qualified students.
Q2) Though our larger society is very competitive,our schools are noted for their noncompetitive nature.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When schools determine learning groups based on the results of an assessment of some kind it is known as __________ and is highly controversial.
A) tracking
B) channeling
C) differential placement
D) reference grouping
Q4) Local control of education is often a social problem because of __________.
A) the relationship between national tax revenues and the quality of education
B) the underrepresentation on school boards of business leaders
C) the lack of standardized curriculum
D) a preoccupation with conformity
Q5) What are the goals and issues involved in No Child Left Behind?
Q6) How can teacher expectations create self-fulfilling prophecies?
Page 18
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Chapter 17: The Healthcare System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following provides government healthcare for the poor?
A) Medicare
B) Medicaid
C) Blue Cross/Blue Shield
D) Health maintenance organizations
Q2) Discuss the history of efforts to provide universal healthcare in the United States.What political tactics have been deployed to oppose universal healthcare? Why did healthcare reform finally pass now?
Ideal
Q3) Martin has been dealing with hospital bills and paperwork from a recent emergency room visit.His paperwork is mounting and is routinely mishandled and lost in the system.He supports a __________ plan which would greatly reduce administrative costs and complexity.
A) fee for service
B) employer supported insurance
C) single-payer
D) electronic medical records
Q4) What are the components of a single-payer plan like Canada's that many find appealing?
Q5) All things considered,women receive __________ quality healthcare than men.
Page 19
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Chapter
18: National Security in the Twenty-First Century
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ricin is a toxin that is fatal to humans even in very small doses even if simply inhaled.Ricin has been used to produce large scale death and injury.It is an example of
A) a nuclear weapon
B) a weapon of mass destruction
C) terrorism
D) habeas corpus
Q2) Identify the ways the new warfare against terrorism differs from earlier wars and discuss the implications of this.
Ideal
Q3) The U.S.Defense Department believes that __________.
A) future conflicts will be very similar to the conflicts of the past
B) the U.S. military has no humanitarian role to play; those things are best left to others
C) they must be actively prepared to combat cyberattacks
D) their importance will decline in the coming years as the world gets more peaceful
Q4) During the Cold War,the United States and what was then the Soviet Union amassed huge stockpiles of __________ weapons.
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Chapter 19: Progressive Plan to Solve Social Problems
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Sample Questions
Q1) Programs such as the AFDC,food stamps,and Head Start are known as
A) a social safety net
B) a special commitment to children
C) affirmative action
D) gerrymandering
Q2) Paul believes that politics is guided by the "golden rule": Those who have the gold make the rules.Thus,Paul believes that the United States is a __________.
A) plutocracy
B) democracy
C) socialist state
D) communist state
Q3) Give an example of a way in which you,a friend,or a family member has demonstrated human agency.
Q4) Discuss the relationship of social policy and social problems.
Q5) Jonathan Kozol cites the fact that as a society we seem more ready to spend money to punish a child who grows up to commit a crime than to spend money to educate the child and prevent the crime in the first place as evidence of our collective __________.
Q6) Discuss the significance of the 1997 Teamster strike against UPS.
Page 21
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