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United States History Since 1865 Test Questions - 1316 Verified Questions

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United States History Since 1865 Test Questions

Course Introduction

This course examines the major political, economic, social, and cultural developments in the United States from the end of the Civil War to the present day. Topics include Reconstruction, industrialization, immigration, the rise of the United States as a world power, both World Wars, the Great Depression, the Civil Rights Movement, the Cold War, and contemporary America. Through primary and secondary sources, students will analyze how diverse groups have shaped and been affected by pivotal events, and will explore ongoing debates over freedom, equality, and the American identity.

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HIST 3 3rd Edition by Kevin M. Schultz

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Page 2

Chapter 1: Three Societies on the Verge of Contact

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Q1) Among the North American tribes,when two tribes went to war,the captors usually took the men of the opposing tribe as slaves.

A)True

B)False

Answer: True

Q2) The Olmec people of Mexico are important because

A) they were masters of rice production and cultivation.

B) their society was known for its sophisticated mound-building.

C) they were the first to abandon the tribal practice of human sacrifice.

D) they established networks of trade based on fishing.

E) they were a precursor to the many maize-based societies that would later develop in North America.

Answer: E

Q3) The Anasazi were noted for their complex earthen mounds.

A)True

B)False

Answer: False

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Chapter 2: Contact and Settlement, 1492-1660

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Q1) The local Wampanoag Indians were not too concerned about the English arrivals because

A) they had learned from the Powhatan Confederacy in Virginia that these were harmless people.

B) they were in dire need of European tools and equipment.

C) they hoped to trade with the newcomers and then expel them from present-day Maine.

D) they were interested in the Puritans' religious teachings.

E) the presence of women and children in the Puritan settlement convinced them of the newcomers' peaceful intentions.

Answer: C

Q2) Anne Hutchinson was evicted from ____ because of her unorthodox religious beliefs.

A) Rhode Island

B) Massachusetts

C) Virginia

D) Jamestown

E) New England

Answer: B

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Chapter

3: Expansion and Its Costs, 1660-1700

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Q1) Indentured servants

A) made up at least 70 percent of the migrants to the Chesapeake during the colonial period.

B) proved resilient to the demanding climate of the Chesapeake.

C) usually remained servants for life.

D) came in increasing numbers as England's economy grew ever more rapidly.

E) typically spoke a different language than their masters and practiced different faiths.

Answer: A

Q2) The "enumerated articles" of the Navigation Acts of 1651 were goods that A) had been manufactured in the colonies.

B) added unwelcome competition to the farming economy of the mother country.

C) colonists could sell to the French and the Dutch.

D) the colonists could only sell to England.

E) English merchants were already selling in the mother country.

Answer: D

Q3) Proprietary colonies were ruled by the English crown.

A)True

B)False

Answer: False

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Chapter 4: Expansion and Control, 1700-1763

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Q1) Describe what a typical "middle passage" would have been like for its slave passengers.

Q2) Which was <i>not</i> true of the middle passage?

A) Sick slaves were thrown overboard to try to prevent the spread of diseases.

B) Slaves were kept mostly below deck, away from fresh air.

C) Slaves from several different tribes were packed on the same ship, making them feel even more cut off from everything familiar.

D) The trip usually lasted from four to eight weeks.

E) It is estimated that just over half the slaves died on the journey.

Q3) Which of the following statements best characterizes the economy of the Chesapeake?

A) In the Chesapeake, cotton was king.

B) It was known as "the best poor man's country."

C) Families were the backbone of the economic structure.

D) Farmers in the Chesapeake remained tied to tobacco and failed to diversify.

E) Thanks to immigration, the Chesapeake developed into a diverse and highly complicated economy.

Q4) New England's flat land and long growing season encouraged tobacco cultivation. A)True B)False

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Chapter 5: Toward Revolution, 1763-1775

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Q1) Which was <i>not</i> a part of what colonists called the Coercive Acts?

A) The port of Boston was closed until such time as the colonists paid for the tea they had destroyed.

B) Massachusetts self-government was terminated.

C) The Quartering Act, which said that British soldiers could even be housed in private buildings, was enacted.

D) Royal officials who were to be tried for major infractions would be sent back to England for trial.

E) The Quebec Act, which said that everything on the west side of the Proclamation Line from 1763 would be governed from Quebec.

Q2) To try to force Parliament to repeal the Stamp Act,opponents in Massachusetts initially

A) began dumping tea in the harbor of Boston.

B) rioted against military stationed in Boston, leading to the Boston Massacre.

C) created a circular letter inviting representatives from all colonies to a Stamp Act Congress.

D) began to smuggle sugar from the French Caribbean.

E) stopped buying British-made goods.

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Chapter 6: The Revolution

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Q1) All of the following is true about the South in the Revolutionary War, <i>except</i>

A) In the South, the Revolutionary War was a civil war.

B) Southern frontiersmen favored independence.

C) Large southern landholders generally sided with Britain.

D) Loyalists in the South were even more prevalent than the British had hoped.

E) The British sought to retain their control over the South because its natural resources were more abundant than in the North.

Q2) "Not worth a Continental" referred to the poor fighting quality of the Continental Army.

A)True

B)False

Q3) One of General Washington's strategies for winning the war was to wear down the British army by moving around the countryside so much that they could not fight effectively.

A)True

B)False

Q4) Describe the economic system that had developed in the colonies,and explain why the fear of seeing that system disappear made the patriots even more eager to win.

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Chapter 7: Confederation and Constitution, 1783-1789

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Q1) At one point,the retired George Washington had to address his army personally to defuse a situation that could have led to mutiny because under the Articles,there was no money to pay their salaries.

A)True

B)False

Q2) The feature of the Articles of Confederation that made it virtually impossible to make any changes to them was

A) the necessity of having all states agree on any proposed legislation.

B) the lack of power to tax.

C) the inability to keep a standing army.

D) the lack of a national bank.

E) their focus on states' rights.

Q3) Explain how the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 organized the division of lands in the new territories.

Q4) To gain ratification of the Constitution,the Federalists promised that adding a Bill of Rights to the Constitution would be the first order of business once the new Congress met.

A)True B)False

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Q1) All of the following are true about President George Washington, <i>except</i>

A) His reputation as an honest leader made him the obvious choice to lead the new government.

B) He did not run for the office of the president when it was created.

C) He had formally retired and had to be talked into coming back and serving his country once again.

D) At the time, he thought little of the fact that he had no contemporary role models.

E) He established several important precedents while in office.

Q2) Which was <i>not</i> part of Hamilton's financial plan?

A) Assume the states' debts and have the federal government pay them at full value

B) Consolidate the loans that Congress incurred during the war

C) Raise revenue through bonds, tariffs, land sales, and an excise tax

D) Develop new products to sell to England

E) Create a federal bank and a national legal tender

Q3) Explain what happened in the election of 1800 that led to the election being settled by the House of Representatives.What did the method selected by the men who wrote the Constitution demonstrate about their willingness to trust the average American to make a decent choice?

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Chapter 9: Jeffersonian Democracy, 1800-1814

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Q1) America's national anthem,"The Star Spangled Banner," was set to the music of an English drinking song.

A)True

B)False

Q2) The proposals emanating from the Hartford Convention led to the perception by many southerners and westerners that the Federalist Party had been involved in treasonous actions.

A)True

B)False

Q3) Which of the following is <i>not</i> a true statement about the Louisiana Purchase?

A) Jefferson initially set out to buy just New Orleans.

B) Napoleon agreed to sell the land because France desperately needed the money.

C) Jefferson paid $5 million for the land all the way to the Rocky Mountains.

D) The U.S. gained an additional 830,000 square miles in the deal with France.

E) The land was occupied and claimed by various Native American tribes.

Q4) In the 1804 presidential election,Thomas Jefferson faced stiff competition from the Federalists.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 10: The Market Revolution

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Q1) The development of the railroad improved the self-sufficiency of the South with its diversified farming.

A)True

B)False

Q2) The "putting-out" system of production referred to

A) the system whereby manufacturers would pay a family to perform one task in producing an item.

B) the production method used by Samuel Slater's textile mills.

C) the method by which cotton was transformed from its raw state into a usable textile.

D) the process by which factory output was measured.

E) a series of small family-run factories that were interconnected.

Q3) All of these were key components of the American System <i>except</i>

A) a national bank.

B) protective tariffs.

C) internal improvements.

D) increased role of the federal government in stimulating economic growth.

E) a self-sustaining agricultural system.

Q4) What was the Monroe Doctrine,why and when was it issued,and what was its significance?

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Chapter 11: Politics of the Market Revolution

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Q1) In his Proclamation on Nullification in December 1832,President Jackson

A) conceded the importance of states' rights in some matters, but not in federal tariffs.

B) suggested that South Carolina ought to leave the union if it rejected federal law.

C) threatened South Carolina with military invasion.

D) declared that the union of states was perpetual and that only the Supreme Court could reject federal law.

E) announced that he himself would nullify the tariff as a sign of concession to South Carolina.

Q2) Which of these was <i>not</i> part of the new participatory style of democratic politics that developed during the Jacksonian era and transformed American politics?

A) Partisan newspapers

B) Public rallies and speeches

C) Heavy voter fraud

D) Parades and marching bands

E) Picnics and other social gatherings

Q3) How did the National Bank operate during the early 1800s,and how did this impact the economy?

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Chapter 12: A Regionalized America, 1830-1860

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Q1) On plantations,owners usually preferred to have the slave quarters fairly close to the main house so they could keep a watchful eye on their slaves.

A)True

B)False

Q2) Writers who suggested that slavery was necessary to protect blacks who were unable to care for themselves,and who began to reference the Bible when supporting slavery,helped slave owners rationalize that slavery was a "positive good" for all concerned.

A)True

B)False

Q3) William Lloyd Garrison

A) used his anti-slavery newspaper, <i>The Liberator</i>, to advocate for other causes as well, such as temperance.

B) believed the Constitution was complicit in allowing slavery.

C) helped Frederick Douglass and Harriet Tubman escape from slavery.

D) did not allow women as members in his American Anti-Slavery Society.

E) favored a gradualist form of abolition.

Q4) How did life change for those living in the northern countryside?

Q5) What was everyday life like for most middle-class women in the North?

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Chapter 13: The Continued Move West

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Q1) Most of the early mining camp settlements went on to become major California towns and cities after the Gold Rush ended.

A)True

B)False

Q2) Which of the following is not true about the first phase of Western settlement?

A) The haphazard manner in which westward movement took place forced politicians in the East to bring some form of governing order to the West.

B) Independent-minded settlers did not welcome the imposition of eastern ideals.

C) By taking responsibility for the actions of white settlers, the federal government committed itself to defending their course of westward expansion.

D) Native Americans were victims of American western settlers who liked to take matters into their own hands.

E) Congress took the lead in defining the course of Western expansion prior to the 1840s.

Q3) Mormonism became a new religious community during the Second Great Awakening.

A)True

B)False

Q4) How did Americans manage to wrest tribal lands away from the Plains Indians?

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Chapter 14: The Impending Crisis

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Q1) In the 1860 election,Lincoln polled a majority of the popular vote and handily beat the other three candidates in the race.

A)True

B)False

Q2) When California applied for statehood,the major question was:

A) Did California still have large gold reserves?

B) Would California disrupt the economic equilibrium of the country?

C) Would California enter the Union as a slave state or a free state?

D) Was the country's transportation system prepared to deal with the needs of a state that far from the others?

E) Where could they find another potential state to balance out whatever California decided about slavery?

Q3) The Free Soil Party slogan was "Free soil,free speech,free labor,and free men."

A)True

B)False

Q4) The first state to secede from the Union was South Carolina,which took the fateful step just before Christmas in 1860.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 15: The Civil War

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Questions

Q1) The First Battle of Manassas (Bull Run)was important because

A) Northerners accomplished an astounding victory.

B) Union soldiers proved that they would never retreat from Southern aggression.

C) after this battle both sides realized that the war would be neither brief nor relatively small.

D) the Union used African American soldiers for the first time.

E) the battle gave Lincoln the advantage he wanted before he issued the Emancipation Proclamation.

Q2) As the Civil War progressed,the North was able to prosecute the war without going into debt or changing its economic tax and revenue system,and the South successfully enacted several economic changes to finance the war,most of which were financially beneficial to the Confederacy and its citizens.

A)True

B)False

Q3) Discuss the challenges the Union and the Confederacy faced on their homefronts.

Q4) What were the advantages and disadvantages for the North and for the South at the beginning of the Civil War? Why did each side believe it would win?

Q5) Discuss the historical significance of the Civil War.

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Chapter 16: Reconstruction, 1865-1877

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Q1) How did southern Democratic elites react to the actions of the Reconstruction Congress? What measures did they take to ensure that their way of life returned to "normal"?

Q2) The reconstruction of Southern society was particularly difficult because

A) Southerners had lost their position in the international cotton market.

B) the integration of four million former slaves posed grave political questions.

C) Southern cities had suffered so severely in Sherman's and Grant's campaigns that many weren't fully rebuilt until the early 20th century.

D) about 23 percent of the Southern population had died.

E) Southern infrastructure was so damaged that it set the region behind for decades to come.

Q3) White Redeemers terrorized African Americans in the South with arson,assassinations,and intimidation in order to

A) get blacks to emigrate back to Africa.

B) push freedmen to migrate to the North.

C) keep black men from voting.

D) prevent black men from dating and marrying white women.

E) force black men to work for them for substandard pay.

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Chapter 17: The Industrial Revolution

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Q1) The Tweed Ring,working out of Tammany Hall,was

A) a political machine designed to help workers get jobs.

B) famously run by "Boss William Tweed," the leader of the dominant Democratic political organization or "machine" in New York City.

C) a Chicago political machine.

D) noted for helping the poor and the destitute.

E) a haven for newly arrived immigrants.

Q2) Shortly before the Civil War,it was discovered that kerosene,a byproduct of crude oil that had been considered useless,could be used for lighting.

A)True

B)False

Q3) Explain the origins of the national consumer market.Which businesses and innovations were central to this development?

Q4) One of the earliest American preservationists was

A) Andrew Carnegie.

B) Jay Gould.

C) John Muir.

D) John D. Rockefeller.

E) Thomas Edison.

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Chapter 18: The Industrial Age: North, south, and West

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Q1) The term "cow town" referred to towns that developed to facilitate the movement of cattle from Texas and Oklahoma to other parts of the country.

A)True

B)False

Q2) What was the Grange? How did it evolve into the Farmers' Alliance? How did the Alliance evolve into the Populist Party?

Q3) The Homestead Act of 1862 provided a way for settlers to move West,occupy land for five years,and then claim as their own a total of

A) 640 acres.

B) 120 acres.

C) 1600 acres.

D) 160 acres.

E) 4,000 acres.

Q4) The "new immigrants" came predominantly from eastern,central,and southern Europe.

A)True B)False

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Chapter 19: The Progressive Era

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Q1) Which of these devices was <i>not</i> designed to expand democratic participation in American politics?

A) Initiative

B) Primary

C) Recall

D) Urban league

E) Referendum

Q2) In the name of improving the human species,some Progressives embraced eugenics,which was

A) the belief in a woman's right to regulate when and how many children she has.

B) the notion that education was the key to a better society.

C) the belief that people with undesirable genetic makeup should be sterilized.

D) a campaign for laws promoting greater democratization.

E) None of these choices.

Q3) Progressivism is often seen as the middle- and upper-class response to the Industrial Revolution,while in truth its central ideas have remained a part of modern American liberalism.

A)True

B)False

Q4) Who were the Progressives? What were their main goals?

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Chapter 20: Becoming a World Power

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Q1) The countries who entered into World War I together against the Germans were known as the Allied Powers.

A)True

B)False

Q2) President Taft's use of American soldiers to protect the interests of the American business community in Latin America was called

A) the Taft Treatment.

B) the Good Neighbor Policy.

C) self-serving and un-American.

D) hemispheric hegemony.

E) dollar diplomacy.

Q3) The Boxer Rebellion in China aimed to use outsiders to help the people throw out the invaders from Japan in 1900.

A)True

B)False

Q4) The "water cure" was one of the atrocities committed by American soldiers in the Philippines.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 21: Prosperity and Change in the Twenties

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Q1) Eugene V.Debs's book about Jesus,which portrayed Jesus as a socialist carpenter,indicates that Debs was a(n)

A) socialist Christian pacifist.

B) atheist revolutionary.

C) Christian anarchist.

D) socialist pacifist.

E) socialist progressive revolutionary.

Q2) All of the following are true statements about Prohibition <i>except</i>

A) Most people embraced it as a solution to the social problems caused by alcohol and alcoholism.

B) It turned more law-abiding citizens into lawbreakers than any other piece of legislation had ever done.

C) It made rural Baptists and Methodists in the South and Midwest happy.

D) Immigrants resisted and sold their own alcohol.

E) It lasted 15 years.

Q3) What was the Harlem Renaissance? What made it such a special place and time? Who were some of its more famous participants?

Q4) What was life like in America during Prohibition? What groups did prohibition affect most,and why?

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Chapter 22: The Great Depression and the New Deal

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Q1) Which of the following agencies put millions of men to work building roads and creating national parks?

A) Civilian Conservation Corps

B) Tennessee Valley Authority

C) National Recovery Administration

D) Public Works Administration

E) Agricultural Adjustment Administration

Q2) The makeshift towns put together by the homeless during the Depression were often called

A) shantytowns.

B) tenements.

C) Hoovervilles.

D) slums.

E) poor farms.

Q3) Under the Agricultural Adjustment Act,farmers

A) opened more acreage to production and grow more food crops.

B) received cash subsidies to grow fewer crops.

C) furnished food for those working on the CCC.

D) produced more corn and wheat, and less cotton.

E) took extension classes to learn how to operate their farms more efficiently.

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Chapter 23: World War II

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Q1) Stalin enthusiastically agreed to the four policemen approach to securing the postwar peace because

A) he thought it was Roosevelt's way of promising that governments friendly to Soviet interests would be installed in Eastern Europe.

B) he did not want to bear the burden of the reorganization of Europe.

C) he shied away from picking up the tab for the reconstruction of Europe.

D) he wanted to engage France, Britain, and the United States in a coalition rather than have them build cordial and friendly ties to Germans, turning them once again into a threat to the Soviet Union.

E) he understood that the United Nations could not possibly fulfill that role.

Q2) Which event set the stage of American involvement in the war?

A) The installation of the pro-German government installed in Vichy, France

B) The bombing of London in the Battle of Britain

C) Increased U.S. awareness of the Holocaust

D) The invasion of Poland

E) All of these choices.

Q3) What were the actions of Joseph Stalin that demonstrated his distrust of the West in regard to his country's communist government? What was the most ironic outcome of Stalin's manipulations?

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Chapter 24: Cold War America

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Q1) Our dependence on oil today in many respects began with Americans in the 1950s who asserted that they wanted their own cars and did not want to spend money on public transportation systems.

A)True

B)False

Q2) When the Korean War broke out,Truman responded by secretly sending atomic bombs and short-range missiles to American air and naval bases around the world.

A)True

B)False

Q3) In 1959,Vice President Richard Nixon proudly told Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev that American women prided themselves on stocking their kitchens with the latest appliances.

A)True B)False

Q4) What was the significance of the Supreme Court decision in Brown v.Board of Education? In what ways did the Brown decision affect the actions of African Americans in the South during the ensuing years?

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Chapter 25: The Sixties

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Q1) Describe the escalation of the Vietnam War under President Lyndon B.Johnson.How and why did this escalation occur?

Q2) All of the following is true about the presidential election of 1960, <i>except</i>

A) The debates between Kennedy and Nixon were the first ever to be televised.

B) The 22nd Amendment, passed in 1951, prevented the very popular Eisenhower or any future president from a third term in office.

C) Eisenhower's support for Nixon was lukewarm at best.

D) Nixon had built his reputation as an aggressive anti-communist.

E) Kennedy defeated Nixon with a landslide majority of popular votes.

Q3) John F.Kennedy's greatest disaster as president was

A) his handling of the Cuban Missile Crisis.

B) his visit to Berlin, Germany, just as the Berlin Wall was being constructed.

C) the Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba.

D) his support for the CIA's plans to assassinate Fidel Castro.

E) his decision to send American ground troops to Vietnam, starting America down that long road to a failed war.

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Chapter 26: The Age of Fracture: the 1970s

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Q1) Carter was unable to carry out any of his plans for expanding American social justice because

A) the budget was already in deficit.

B) the New Left would not support him.

C) Islamic militants took 52 hostages from the American Embassy in Tehran.

D) his ambitious plans were struck down by the Supreme Court.

E) the economy remained too troubled overall.

Q2) Passed in 1972,Title IX is important because

A) It outlawed discrimination in employment based on race, creed, religion and national origin.

B) It required that educational institutions spend equally on women's and men's athletics.

C) It legalized access to safe and legal abortions.

D) It led to the nuclear disarmament.

E) It banned wiretapping of political candidates and government officials.

Q3) What were Nixon's reasons for visiting China in 1972? Was he successful? Explain.

Q4) What was Secretary of State Henry Kissinger's role in the achievement of detenté during Nixon's presidency?

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Page 28

Chapter 27: Reagans America

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Sample Questions

Q1) Oliver North's testimony during the Iran-Contra hearings indicated that President Reagan was probably not aware of the transfer of arms sale profits to Nicaraguan right-wing guerillas.

A)True

B)False

Q2) George Bush's appointment of Clarence Thomas to the Supreme Court increased the number of conservatives on the bench.

A)True

B)False

Q3) Describe the relationship that developed between Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev of the Soviet Union,and assess the significance of that relationship to the changes that brought down communist governments in Europe.

Q4) Several issues plagued Carter in his bid for reelection,including all of the following <i>except</i>

A) his moralism and bid for austerity.

B) the faltering economy.

C) the apparent weakness of the United States in comparison to the Soviet Union.

D) Reagan's personality.

E) the Iran hostage crisis.

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Chapter 28: America in the Information Age

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45 Verified Questions

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Q1) Digital technology sparked economic growth by

A) improving international transportation.

B) streamlining manufacturing processes and helping companies reach overseas markets.

C) requiring companies to retrain workers.

D) leading to new jobs for Americans overseas.

E) All of these choices.

Q2) Which of the following was true of the 1994 election?

A) It ushered in the reign of Newt Gingrich as Senate Majority Leader.

B) The Republicans gained a net total of sixty seats in the House.

C) The House came under the control of the Republicans for the first time since Eisenhower was president.

D) Though the Republicans gained a great many seats in Congress, the Democrats managed to maintain a substantial majority in the Senate.

E) Though the Republicans gained a great many seats in Congress, Clinton managed to reach across the aisle and reach many agreements with them, especially after their ill-conceived plan to shut down the federal government to show their disagreements over the budget.

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Chapter 29: Globalization and Its Discontents

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Q1) Going into the campaign of 2008,the Democrats sensed the possibility of victory because

A) the economy was in bad shape.

B) the world viewed America with disdain and distrust after its forays into Afghanistan and, more especially, Iraq.

C) the American people seemed disgusted with Bush's presidency.

D) they had a chance to expand social programs that Bush had cut at a time when people were pleading for help.

E) All of these choices.

Q2) How did the attacks by al Qaeda affect America,both in ways specific to the attacks themselves,and in regard to the ability of Americans to cope with their new sense of unease?

Q3) Almost 2,000 people lost their lives along the Gulf Coast during Hurricane Katrina in 2005.

A)True

B)False

Q4) Early in his presidency,what measures was Bush able to bring about? How did Senator Jim Jeffords weaken the president's ability to operate?

Q5) What were George W.Bush's avowed goals in invading Iraq?

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