United States History Since 1865
Exam Answer Key
Course Introduction
This course provides a comprehensive overview of United States history from the end of the Civil War in 1865 to the present. It examines the social, political, economic, and cultural transformations that have shaped modern America, including Reconstruction, industrialization, the two World Wars, the Great Depression, the Civil Rights Movement, and recent developments in the 21st century. Students will analyze significant historical events, people, and movements while considering their impact on diverse communities within the United States, gaining a deeper understanding of the nation's evolution and its role in the global context.
Recommended Textbook
American Pageant Volume 2 16th Edition by
David M. Kennedy
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20 Chapters
2630 Verified Questions
2630 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: The Ordeal of Reconstruction, 1865-1877
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Many feminist leaders were deeply disappointed with the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments because they
A) gave white women but not black women the right to vote.
B) failed to give women the right to serve on juries.
C) contained restrictions on ex-Confederates but not on male supremacists.
D) failed to define what constituted equal national citizenship.
E) gave national citizenship rights and voting rights to African American males but not to white or black women.
Answer: E
Q2) Reconstruction involved extended controversies over
A) readmission of Southern states into the Union.
B) civil and political rights for former slaves.
C) defining the political and economic scope and meaning of "freedom" for slaves.
D) political direction and control of the Reconstruction process between President Johnson and the Republican Congress.
E) treatment of former Confederate leaders.
Answer: A, B, C, D, E
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3
Chapter 2: Political Paralysis in the Gilded Age, 1869-1896
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147 Verified Questions
147 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The major electoral problem in the 1876 presidential election centered on A) who would be Speaker of the House.
B) the two sets of different election returns, one Democratic, and one Republican, submitted by Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana.
C) Samuel Tilden's association with corrupt politicians of the Northeast.
D) President Grant's campaign for a third term.
E) Rutherford Hayes's controversial ties to U.S. Senator Roscoe Conkling and the Stalwarts.
Answer: B
Q2) During the Gilded Age, the lifeblood of both the Democratic and the Republican parties was/were
A) political and social reform movements.
B) the Roman Catholic Church.
C) ideological commitment.
D) big-city political machines.
E) political patronage.
Answer: E
Q3) Farmers' Alliance
Answer: Answers will vary.
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Chapter 3: Industry Comes
of Age, 1865-1900
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157 Verified Questions
157 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following was not among the technologies invented or improved by Thomas A. Edison?
A) The electric light bulb
B) The phonograph
C) The mimeograph
D) The electric dynamo
E) The motion picture
Answer: D
Q2) The steel industry owed much to the inventive genius of
A) Jay Gould.
B) Henry Bessemer.
C) J.P. Morgan
D) Thomas Edison.
E) Alexander Graham Bell.
Answer: B
Q3) trust
Answer: Answers will vary.
Q4) consumer goods
Answer: Answers will vary.
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Chapter 4: America Moves to the City, 1865-1900
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Henry George
Q2) In criticizing Booker T. Washington's educational emphasis on manual labor and industrial training, W.E.B. Du Bois emphasized instead that black education should concentrate on
A) adult education.
B) education for political action.
C) developing separate black schools and colleges.
D) developing black entrepreneurs to create black businesses to serve black communities.
E) an intellectually gifted talented tenth of the black community that should be given full and immediate access to the mainstream of American life.
Q3) Jack London
Q4) How did the new urban forms of sports and recreation reflect the greater opportunities, greater conflicts, and the greater stresses of urban life after the Civil War?
Q5) Young Men's Christian Association/Young Women's Christian Association
Q6) natural selection
Q7) settlement house
Q8) George Washington Carver
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161 Verified Questions
161 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nineteenth-century humanitarians who advocated kind treatment of the Indians A) had no more respect for traditional Indian culture than those who sought to exterminate them.
B) advocated improving the reservation system.
C) opposed passage of the Dawes Act.
D) understood the value of the Indians' religious and cultural practices.
E) None of these choices are correct.
Q2) A major problem faced by settlers on the Great Plains in the 1870s was
A) the high price of land.
B) the low market value of grain.
C) the scarcity of water.
D) overcrowding.
E) the opposition of miners.
Q3) fourth party system
Q4) reservation system
Q5) Oliver H. Kelley
Q6) The authors contend that "American history cannot be properly understood unless it is viewed in light of the westward-moving experience." Do you agree? Why or why not? What unique contributions did the frontier make to American life?
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Chapter 6: Empire and Expansion, 1890-1909
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161 Verified Questions
161 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Insular Cases
Q2) When the United States invaded Puerto Rico during the Spanish-American War
A) the army encountered stiff resistance from the Spanish.
B) it met almost no resistance from Spanish forces.
C) most of the population greeted the invaders as liberating heroes.
D) heavy fighting occurred in the harbor at San Juan.
E) its intentions were to grant Puerto Rican independence.
Q3) The near-war between the United States and Britain over the Venezuela boundary crisis ultimately resulted in
A) a brief war between Venezuela and British Guiana.
B) British concession of the disputed territory to Venezuela.
C) stationing United States marines along the disputed border.
D) a growing diplomatic reconciliation between the two English-speaking countries.
E) a naval arms race between the United States and Britain.
Q4) John Philip Sousa
Q5) Mark Twain
Q6) George Washington Goethals
Q7) spheres of influence
Q8) Portsmouth Conference
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Chapter 7: Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt, 1901-1912
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142 Verified Questions
142 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Frances Willard
Q2) Passage of the Federal Meat Inspection Act was inspired by the publication of
A) Theodore Dreiser's The Titan.
B) Jack London's The Call of the Wild.
C) Henry Demarest Lloyd's Wealth Against Commonwealth.
D) Jacob Riis's How the Other Half Lives.
E) Upton Sinclair's The Jungle.
Q3) The Shame of the Cities
Q4) The first people to work toward preserving nature and the environment were
A) typically members of the upper classes from cities and medium-size towns.
B) Native Americans.
C) primarily women.
D) immigrants from Japan and China.
E) cattle ranchers in the Dakotas.
Q5) General Federation of Women's Clubs
Q6) Do you think that Theodore Roosevelt's claim that Taft had abandoned his policies was entirely fair? Why or why not?
Q7) William Howard Taft
Q8) recall Page 9
Q9) Old Guard
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Chapter 8: Wilsonian Progressivism in Peace and War,
1913-1920
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144 Verified Questions
144 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following American passenger liners was sunk by German submarines?
A) Lusitania
B) Arabic
C) Sussex
D) All of these American ships were sunk.
E) None of these were American ships.
Q2) Allies
Q3) U-boats
Q4) Charles Evans Hughes
Q5) The central provisions of the Clayton Anti-Trust Act
A) included trade unions under the antimonopoly provisions of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.
B) declared that no single corporation could control more than 75 percent of a given industry.
C) established minimum wage rates for goods produced in interstate commerce.
D) outlawed corporate interlocking directorates and price discrimination against different purchasers.
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E) weakened regulations against interlocking directorates and private discrimination against different purchasers.
Q6) Victoriano Huerta
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Chapter 9: American Life in the Roaring Twenties
1920 1929
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145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most American writers and cultural commentator before World War I had celebrated American democracy and politics. Why did the 1920s produce a cultural critic like H.L. Mencken who mocked democracy and middle American values? Was Mencken's criticism itself a healthy reflection of democracy or the sign of a dangerous cynicism entering American life?
Q2) Car advertisements in the 1920s reached out to themass market of American female consumers in all of the following ways except
A) showing them cars were respectable for women.
B) illustrating how automobiles could permit women to ignore their traditional duties as household managers and advance their professional career goals and ambitions.
C) linking modern, independent women to automobiles.
D) noting that cars enabled women to better fulfill their roles as household managers.
E) demonstrating that women could indeed learn to drive.
Q3) What sparked the greater public expression of sexuality in the 1920s? Did the greater frankness about sex represent an advance for women, or did it open opportunities for exploitation of women?
Q4) criminal syndicalism laws
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Chapter 10: The Politics of Boom and Bust 1920 1932
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Adkins v. Children's Hospital (1923), the Supreme Court ruled that
A) federal child labor laws were unconstitutional.
B) women had the right to sue for equal pay for equal work.
C) anti-union "right to work" laws were constitutional.
D) women could no longer receive special health, safety, or minimum wage protections from such progressive state laws governing the workplace because they now had the vote under the terms of the Nineteenth Amendment.
E) federal maternity benefits designed for women did not constitute unequal treatment.
Q2) Charles Dawes
Q3) During the 1920s, the Supreme Court
A) often ruled against progressive legislation such as state child labor and minimum wage laws for women.
B) rigorously upheld the antitrust laws.
C) generally promoted government regulation of the economy.
D) staunchly defended the rights of organized labor.
E) consistently upheld progressive state laws under a broad reading of the Tenth Amendment.
Q4) Nine-Power Treaty
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Chapter 11: The Great Depression and the New Deal
1933 1939
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118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) George W. Norris
Q2) Match each New Deal critic below with the cause or slogan that he promoted.
A.Father Coughlin
B.Huey Long
C.Francis Townsend
D.Herbert Hoover
1)"social justice"
2)"every man a king"
3)"a holy crusade for liberty"
4)"$200 a month for everyone over 60"
A) A-l, B-2, C-4, D-3
B) A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
C) A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
D) A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2
E) A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2
Q3) Tennessee Valley Authority
Q4) Keynesianism
Q5) Charles Coughlin
Q6) John Steinbeck
Q7) Glass-Steagall Act Page 15
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Chapter 12: Franklin D Roosevelt and the Shadow of War
1933 1941
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104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Arrange the following events in chronological order: (A) fall of France, (B) Atlantic Conference, and (C) Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union.
A) B, A, C
B) A, B, C
C) C, B, A
D) A, C, B
E) C, A, B
Q2) By June 1940, a strong majority of American public opinion had come to favor
A) the America First position of keeping America out of the European war at all costs.
B) declaring war on Nazi Germany and sending American troops to aid the Allies in fighting the Nazis.
C) permitting U.S. volunteers to fight in Britain.
D) seeking a peaceful accommodation with Adolf Hitler over Europe that accepted the fall of France.
E) providing Britain with "all aid short of war," at the risk of armed hostilities with Germany.
Q3) Spanish Civil War
Q4) "phony war"
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Chapter 13: America in World War II 1941 1945
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) George S. Patton
Q2) After the United States entered World War II in 1941, the term " alien 4-C" referred to
A) Japanese living in the U.S.
B) Italians living in the U.S.
C) Germans living in the U.S.
D) All of these choices are correct.
E) None of these choices are correct.
Q3) National War Labor Board
Q4) Executive Order No. 9066
Q5) Manhattan Project
Q6) President Roosevelt's promise to the Soviets to open a second front in Western Europe by the end of 1942
A) was fulfilled by the invasion of North Africa.
B) was made to deceive Stalin and encourage him to slow his army's movement into Eastern Europe.
C) was strongly supported by Churchill and British military leaders.
D) proved utterly impossible to keep.
E) represented the key goal to which all early American military efforts were directed.
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Chapter 14: The Cold War Begins 1945-1952
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following encouraged many post-1945 Americans to move to the suburbs except
A) development of fuel-efficient automobiles.
B) home-loan guarantees from the Federal Housing Authority and the Veterans' Administration.
C) government-built highways.
D) tax deductions for interest payments on home mortgages.
E) white flight from racial change.
Q2) Were Senator Joseph McCarthy's unsubstantiated and ruinous allegations of communist sympathies and activities against liberals, former and current government officials in the State Department and other government bureaucracies, and even members of the U.S. Army a reflection of his personal character or a manifestation of the larger American fears and anxieties about communism and social change in the late 1940s and early 1950s?
Q3) Compare and contrast America's anticommunist containment policy in Europe and in East Asia. Why was the policy more successful in Europe than in Asia?
Q4) Levittown
Q5) Mao Zedong (Mao Tse-tung)
Q6) ____ South Sakhalin Island
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Chapter 15: American Zenith 1952-1963
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181 Verified Questions
181 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Supreme Court began to advance the cause of civil rights in the 1950s because A) the Court was the only branch of government with the constitutional authority to do so.
B) the courts were dominated by New Deal liberals.
C) President Eisenhower had requested the Court's assistance.
D) Congress and the presidency had largely abdicated their responsibilities by keeping hands off the issue.
E) the Constitution clearly prohibited any segregation.
Q2) Saul Bellow
Q3) President Kennedy's most bitter confrontation with big business occurred when he A) raised taxes on corporate business profits.
B) refused to support compensation for American businesses' lost investments in Cuba.
C) demanded that the American oil industry stop driving up the price of gasoline.
D) forced steel industry leaders to roll back steel price increases.
E) lowered tariff rates to permit more European imports into the United States.
Q4) John Updike
Q5) Mohammed Reza Pahlevi
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Chapter 16: The Stormy Sixties 1963-1973
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168 Verified Questions
168 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The attempt to nominate an antiwar Democratic candidate for president in 1968 suffered a crippling blow when
A) Senator Eugene McCarthy withdrew from the race before the Democratic convention.
B) Senator Robert Kennedy was assassinated after winning the California primary.
C) pro-war vice president Hubert Humphrey won the Oregon and California primaries.
D) militant leftist demonstrators at the Chicago convention caused a backlash in favor of Humphrey.
E) public opinion turned back in favor of the war after the Tet offensive.
Q2) "silent majority"
Q3) The 1968 Tet offensive resulted in
A) the Viet Cong's takeover of most of South Vietnam's major cities.
B) a request from American generals to send an additional 200,000 American troops to Vietnam.
C) a tactical defeat for the Viet Cong.
D) a political defeat for the United States.
E) a negotiated settlement of the war.
Q4) George McGovern
Q5) "hawks" and "doves"
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Chapter 17: Challenges to the Postwar Order 1973-1980
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) malaise speech
Q2) Many of the neoconservative intellectuals of the 1980s were reacting most strongly against
A) the decline of Protestantism as the major force in American religion.
B) the economic and social reforms of Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal.
C) what they saw as the moral and social excesses of 1960s liberalism.
D) the increasing control of society by technology and technocrats.
E) what they saw as an extremist environmental movement.
Q3) President Carter's malaise speech was notable for
A) demonstrating his close ties to the American people and the mood of the country.
B) predicting the economic downturn of the 1970s.
C) forecasting the future problems the nation would face if it did not address its dependency on foreign oil.
D) chiding Americans for falling into a moral and spiritual crisis in their quest to acquire material goods.
E) inspiring Americans to become more involved in their communities and local government.
Q4) Why was affirmative action such a racial hot button in the 1970s?
Q5) Gerald Ford
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Chapter 18: The Resurgence of Conservatism 1980-1992
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) yuppies
Q2) Conservative Democrats who helped Ronald Reagan to pass his budget and tax-cutting legislation were called
A) blue dogs.
B) sagebrush rebels.
C) scalawags.
D) neoconservatives.
E) boll weevils.
Q3) Solidarity was
A) the slogan of the southern Democrats who supported Reagan.
B) a massive working-class labor union of Polish dissidents.
C) the mutual pledge between Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher to confront the Soviet Union.
D) the slogan of the new religious right organization, the Moral Majority.
E) a song widely used by the revived U.S. labor movement of the 1980s.
Q4) Which of these liberal policies provided the most political ammunition for movement conservatives in the 1980s: abortion, affirmative action, or social welfare programs?
Q5) Iran-Contra Affair
Q6) Jesse Jackson
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Chapter 19: America Confronts the Post-Cold War Era,
1992-2000
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87 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Q2) "don't ask, don't tell"
Q3) Robert Dole
Q4) William Clinton
Q5) In his campaign for the presidency in 2000, George W. Bush promised to A) pursue America's national interests without restraint from traditional U.S. allies. B) bring reconciliation after the sharp partisan divisions of the Clinton years. C) pursue hard right conservative policies regarding the environment and social welfare. D) protect the environment and try to stop global warming. E) balance the federal budget under all circumstances.
Q6) Do you agree that America struggled to find a direction for its foreign policy in the post-Cold War years? What principles, if any, do you see operating across the board in such areas as the Balkans, the Middle East, East Africa, and Latin America in the 1990s?
Q7) multiculturalism
Q8) Reform party
Q9) Branch Davidians
Q10) Hillary Rodham Clinton
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88 Verified Questions
88 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010)
Q2) Which of the following helped account for President Obama's reelection over Republican Mitt Romney in 2012?
A) The Supreme Court upholding government limits on political expenditures by corporations, unions, and advocacy groups in the case of Citizens United v. Federal Elections Commission (2012).
B) The multiracial coalition that supported Obama and the Democrats, particularly Latinos, had grown demographically in electoral importance by 2012.
C) Mitt Romney ran as a moderate Republican, blurring the political differences between Obama and himself, making the contest a personality-driven contest.
D) Political and economic equality ceased to be a central theme of the 2012 election.
E) None of these choices are correct.
Q3) What was truly "new" about the Obama administration's "New Directions in Foreign Policy"? What foreign policies of the Obama administration constituted a continuation or merely a modification of the Bush administration's foreign policies?
Q4) Shia Muslims
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