U.S. History Survey I Chapter Exam Questions
Course Introduction
U.S. History Survey I provides a comprehensive overview of the development of the United States from pre-Columbian times through the end of Reconstruction in 1877. The course examines the cultural, political, economic, and social factors that shaped the nation, highlighting significant events such as European colonization, the American Revolution, the founding of the Constitution, westward expansion, slavery, Civil War, and reconstruction efforts. Emphasis is placed on understanding the diverse experiences of Indigenous peoples, African Americans, and immigrants, as well as the emergence of American identity and democratic ideals in a changing society.
Recommended Textbook
The Brief American Pageant A History of the Republic Volume I To 1877 9th Edition by David M. Kennedy
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Page 2
Chapter 1: New World Beginnings
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Q1) Which phrase best describes "noche triste?"
A) The Spanish victory over Popé's rebellion
B) The death of millions of Native Americans to small pox and other European diseases
C) The arrival of Europeans, who came to steal Native Americans' gold
D) The beginning of warfare between the Aztecs and Cortés's army
E) The enslavement of native people under the encomienda system
Answer: C
Q2) European contact with Native Americans led to
A) the Europeans' acceptance of the horse into their culture.
B) the deaths of millions of Native Americans, who had little resistance to European diseases.
C) the introduction into the New World of such plants as potatoes, tomatoes, and beans.
D) an increase in the Native American population.
E) the use of tobacco by Native Americans.
Answer: B
Q3) caravel
Answer: Answers will vary.
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Q1) Spain's empire passed its peak and began its slow decline with the
A) War of Spanish Succession.
B) defeat of the Spanish Armada.
C) loss of Brazil.
D) Treaty of Tordesillas.
E) conquest of Mexico by Portugal.
Answer: B
Q2) What were the Carolinas´ most important exports in the early colonial era?
A) Rice and Indian slaves
B) Sugar and corn
C) Tobacco and furs
D) Black slaves and cotton
E) Sugar and cotton
Answer: A
Q3) Roanoke Island
Answer: Answers will vary.
Q4) "starving time"
Answer: Answers will vary.
Q5) Jamestown
Answer: Answers will vary.
4
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Chapter 3: Settling the Northern Colonies,1619-1700
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Q1) In the Massachusetts "Bible Commonwealth," clergymen
A) could be elected to political office.
B) could not be fired by their congregations.
C) were not allowed to marry.
D) were barred from holding formal political office.
E) could not have children.
Answer: D
Q2) What was the New England Indians' best hope for resisting English encroachment?
A) Acquiring English muskets
B) Enlisting the aid of the French
C) Having intertribal unity against the English
D) Building fortifications
E) Allying themselves with the Dutch
Answer: C
Q3) "Bible Commonwealth"
Answer: Answers will vary.
Q4) heresy
Answer: Answers will vary.
Q5) King Philip´s War
Answer: Answers will vary.
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Chapter 4: American Life in the Seventeenth
Century,1607-1692
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Q1) ____ reaped the greatest benefit from the land policies of the "headright" system.
A) Indentured servants
B) African slaves
C) Wealthy planters
D) New England colonists
E) Small farmers
Q2) Most African slaves were originally captured by ____,who traded them in crude markets to itinerant European and American flesh merchants.
A) Spanish and Portuguese slave hunters
B) African coastal tribes
C) English slave hunters
D) Dutch sailors
E) English sailors
Q3) "chattels"
Q4) social structure
Q5) Congregational Church
Q6) jeremiad
Q7) indentured servitude
Q8) militia Page 6
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Page 7
Chapter
Revolution,1700-1775
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Q1) Several conditions caused many Scots to migrate to Northern Ireland and then to America.What is NOT one of these conditions?
A) The poor quality of farmland in Scotland
B) The spread of commercial farming
C) Extremely high rent increases
D) Persecution for their Catholic religion
E) Paying taxes to support the Anglican church
Q2) The most honored profession in early colonial society was
A) medicine.
B) law.
C) the ministry.
D) farming.
E) business.
Q3) Explain how the Great Awakening,an intensely religious movement,contributed to the greater unity of Americans across colonial lines as well as the separation of church and state.
Q4) Pennsylvania Dutch
Q5) South Carolina slave revolt
Q6) Great Awakening
Q7) Poor Richard's Almanack Page 8
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Page 9
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Q1) What name was the French and Indian War given in Europe?
A) The War of Jenkins's Ear
B) The Seven Years' War
C) The War of Austrian Succession
D) King William's War
E) Queen Anne's War
Q2) What role did Indian tribes play in the early clashes between France and Britain in North America?
A) The French voyageurs and Jesuit missionaries fought alongside their Huron allies, but the British spurned any potential Indian allies.
B) Both the French coureurs de bois and British colonists sought Indian allies.
C) The Iroquois Confederation took the strife between French and English as an opportunity to launch a large-scale, coordinated attack on all colonists.
D) Indian tribes wanted no part of the Europeans´ disputes and remained above the fray.
E) Indian leaders proved essential peacemakers in ending warfare and negotiating treaties between British and French officials.
Q3) Louisbourg
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Chapter 7: The Road to Revolution 1763-1775
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Q1) Thomas Hutchinson
Q2) Townshend Acts
Q3) Why did colonists most resent the Boston Port Act of all the Intolerable Acts?
A) It forced them to provide housing for British soldiers stationed along the Boston seaport.
B) It seemed to unfairly single out Massachusetts for punishment when other colonies protested British policies, too.
C) It allowed British officers who killed protesting colonists to be tried in England and not in America.
D) It required that all tea coming to the colonies pass through Boston ports, where taxes would be assessed.
E) It closed Boston harbor until damages caused by the Tea Party were repaid.
Q4) "Continental"
Q5) Mercantilism provided Americans with
A) assistance with training the American military.
B) incorporation into the British empire with minimal taxation.
C) opportunities to share in the governance of other British colonies.
D) a monopoly for American planters in the British tobacco market.
E) discounts on products produced by other British colonies.
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Chapter 8: America Secedes from the Empire,1775-1783
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Q1) Battle of Saratoga
Q2) Which was the more fateful loss for Britain: their defeat at Saratoga in 1777 or at Yorktown in 1781? Explain the importance of both before justifying your choice.
Q3) Despite the military alliance with France,Americans were still unable to
A) gain access to the large sums of money needed.
B) double the size of their fighting forces.
C) avail themselves of French naval strength.
D) gain immense amounts of weapons and equipment.
E) secure a quick victory the next year.
Q4) To what extent was the outcome of the American Revolution determined by actions taken in neither America nor Britain?
Q5) natural rights
Q6) Battle of Yorktown
Q7) Battle of Bunker Hill
Q8) natural aristocracy
Q9) Common Sense
Q10) privateers
Q11) "political education"
Q12) Lord Charles Cornwallis Page 12
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Chapter 9: The Confederation and the Constitution,1776-1790
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Q1) In what way was anticolonialism established as a legacy of the American Revolution? How,then,did the United States justify its own future territorial expansion? Did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 provide a sufficient guarantee that future territories would not become colonies?
Q2) The Northwest Ordinance of 1787
A) provided for the survey and sale of public lands in the Old Northwest.
B) established a procedure for turning frontier territories into equal states.
C) banned slavery from all territories of the United States.
D) opened the way to American control of the Great Lakes.
E) carved the Northwest Territory into five future states.
Q3) runaway inflation
Q4) Wartime problems left the American economy damaged by the 1780s.What was NOT one of those problems?
A) Runaway inflation
B) Profiteering
C) Build-up of British wartime surpluses that flooded into postwar America and hurt homegrown businesses
D) Loss of capital due to widespread emancipation of slaves
E) Speculation
Page 14
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Chapter 10: Launching the New Ship of State,1789-1800
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Q1) What does the Ninth Amendment say?
A) It prohibits Congress from making laws that restrict freedoms of religion, speech, and peaceful assembly, freedom of the press, and petitioning the government.
B) "A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed."
C) The protection of specific rights in the other amendments "shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people."
D) The people have the right not to be subject to "unreasonable searches and seizures."
E) Powers not assigned to the federal government or prohibited to the states by the Constitution "are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people."
Q2) The Judiciary Act of 1789 created the federal court system and also the
A) office of the judge advocate general.
B) justice department.
C) state supreme courts.
D) state circuit courts.
E) office of the attorney general.
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Chapter
11: The Triumphs and Travails of the Jeffersonian Republic,1800-1812
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Q1) Shawnees
Q2) Thomas Jefferson saw large navies as dangerous because
A) they were generally more costly.
B) they were more likely to start a war.
C) they were harder to subject to civilian control.
D) they could embroil the Republic in costly and corrupting wars far from America's shores.
E) they were more easily taken over by foreign navies.
Q3) judicial review
Q4) The Louisiana Purchase,in which the United States added 828,000 square miles to the size of the nation,was
A) perhaps the greatest real estate bargain in history.
B) a colossal expense, but one that Jefferson felt was necessary.
C) an unpopular drain on the national treasury.
D) a point of bitter public debate over its constitutionality.
E) perhaps the greatest achievement of Madison´s administration.
Q5) "midnight judges"
Q6) William Marbury
Q7) Embargo Act of 1807
Q8) deposit privileges
Page 16
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Page 17
Chapter 12: The Second War for Independence and the Upsurge
of Nationalism,1812-1824
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Q1) Battle of New Orleans
Q2) internal improvements
Q3) In appraising the Monroe Doctrine,the authors of the text write,"In truth,Monroe's message did not have very much contemporary significance." Why was a foreign policy pronouncement that would resonate for many years to come in American diplomacy not more influential at the time in America,or overseas?
Q4) The panic of 1819
A) was the dark prelude to the "Era of Good Feelings."
B) was particularly damaging to the Northeast.
C) caused Henry Clay´s American System programs to be repealed.
D) aroused criticism of the practice of imprisoning debtors.
E) sparked a national movement for currency and banking reform.
Q5) panic of 1819
Q6) To what extent did the War of 1812,which ended in,at best,a stalemate for the United States,serve as a stimulus to national unity and patriotism?
Q7) To what extent was the Monroe Doctrine an expression of American principles of anti-colonialism and democracy,or was it an assertion of self-interest and national power in the Americas?
Q8) Isaac Brock Page 18
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Page 19
Chapter 13: The Rise of a Mass Democracy 1824-1840
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Q1) In the election of 1836,Martin Van Buren was
A) the Whig party's first choice.
B) a favorite of the New York political machine.
C) victorious in a landslide.
D) the winner in a close race against John Tyler.
E) the South's "favorite son."
Q2) pet banks
Q3) Democratic Republicans
Q4) "Tippecanoe" in the Whigs' 1840 campaign slogan was
A) Daniel Webster.
B) Martin Van Buren.
C) William Henry Harrison.
D) Nicholas Biddle.
E) Henry Clay.
Q5) "King Mob"
Q6) Hickoryites
Q7) corrupt bargain
Q8) South Carolina Exposition
Q9) independent treasury
Q10) "favorite sons" Page 20
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Page 21
Chapter
14: Forging the National Economy,1790-1860
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Q1) Industrial Revolution
Q2) Who has been credited with launching the factory system in America?
A) Eli Whitney
B) Cyrus McCormick
C) Elias Howe
D) Robert Fulton
E) Samuel Slater
Q3) Tammany Hall
Q4) cotton gin
Q5) Catharine Beecher
Q6) Awful Disclosures
Q7) turnpike
Q8) Consider the impact of the Industrial Revolution from the perspective of workers.How did life change for workers in the move from farm to factory? Which workers were most exploited? Which workers were most able to demand improvements in their working conditions and communities?
Q9) "Self-Reliance"
22
Q10) What effect did the growth of industry,urbanization,and the transportation revolution have on American agriculture in the various regions?
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Chapter 15: The Ferment of Reform and Culture,1790-1860
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Q1) Why have historians regarded some reform crusades of the early nineteenth century not so much as selfless benevolence,but as efforts by anxious elites to assert more control over society? Do you agree?
Q2) Noah Webster
Q3) The "Poet Laureate of Democracy," whose emotional and sexually explicit writings expressed a deep love for the masses and enthusiasm for a democratic America,was
A) Ralph Waldo Emerson.
B) Emily Dickinson.
C) Walt Whitman.
D) Herman Melville.
E) George Bancroft
Q4) In early-nineteenth-century America,public schools "existed chiefly to educate the children of the poor." How did public schools come to be linked with the goals and ideals of American democracy? How successful were they?
Q5) How did educational opportunities increase in number and quality for early-nineteenth-century Americans? Who did not benefit from these expanded opportunities?
Q6) Shakers
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Chapter 16: The South and the Slavery
Controversy,1793-1860
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Q1) By 1860,slaves were concentrated in the
A) border states of Delaware, Kentucky, Missouri, and Maryland.
B) Deep South states of South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana.
C) Atlantic coast states of Virginia, North Carolina, and Florida.
D) new Southwest states of Texas, Arkansas, and the Indian Territories.
E) mountain regions of Tennessee, West Virginia, and Kentucky.
Q2) The governing structure of the South was closest to
A) an oligarchy.
B) a theocracy.
C) a pure democracy.
D) an egalitarian commonwealth.
E) a monarchy.
Q3) The idea of transporting blacks back to Africa was
A) a recognition of blacks' desire to preserve their culture.
B) never carried out.
C) advocated by Frederick Douglass.
D) proposed by the African nation of Liberia.
E) an expression of widespread American racism.
Q4) William Lloyd Garrison
Page 24
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Chapter 17: Manifest Destiny and Its Legacy,1841-1848
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Q1) Zachary Taylor
Q2) James K.Polk
Q3) The most powerful opponents of the annexation of Texas were the
A) States' Rights Democrats.
B) Radical abolitionists.
C) Conscience Whigs.
D) Californios.
E) southern mountain whites.
Q4) Caroline
Q5) Which coalition urged the United States to gain control over all of the Oregon Country?
A) The Liberty Party and British anti-expansionists
B) Conscience Whigs and southern Democrats
C) Northwestern expansionists and anti-slavery forces
D) Californians and Texans
E) Protestant and Catholic missionaries
Q6) Daniel Webster
Q7) independent treasury
Q8) David Wilmot
Q9) John Tyler Page 25
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Chapter 18: Renewing the Sectional Struggle,1848-1854
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Q1) slave-catchers
Q2) Franklin Pierce
Q3) The Free Soil party of 1848 included many northerners who opposed slavery´s expansion in the territories because
A) it might break up the Union.
B) it destroyed the chances of free white workers to rise up from wage-earning dependence.
C) it would be an opening wedge to end slavery in the South.
D) slave labor would be unproductive in the West.
E) the southern fire-eaters were already planning further expansion into Central America.
Q4) In the Gadsden Purchase of 1853,the United States acquired
A) the southernmost stretch of British land in the Oregon country.
B) the island of Cuba from Spain.
C) land from Mexico that extended the New Mexico territory southward.
D) the Alaska territory from Russia.
E) land from Nicaragua that spanned the isthmus between the Atlantic and Pacific.
Q5) Lewis Cass
Q6) Zachary Taylor
Page 27
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Chapter 19: Drifting Toward Disunion,1854-1861
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Q1) Jefferson Davis
Q2) Lawrence,Kansas
Q3) border ruffians
Q4) Hinton R.Helper's book The Impending Crisis of the South argued that those who suffered most from slavery were
A) African Americans.
B) southern planters.
C) free blacks.
D) southern merchants and businesspeople.
E) nonslaveholding southern whites.
Q5) President James Buchanan's support for Kansas's Lecompton Constitution
A) hopelessly divided the Democratic party.
B) admitted Kansas to the Union as a free state.
C) admitted Kansas to the Union as a slave state.
D) convinced Stephen Douglas to challenge Buchanan for the 1860 presidential nomination.
E) turned the focus of controversy to Nebraska.
Q6) John J.Crittenden
Q7) Harriet Beecher Stowe
Q8) "the despotic majority of numbers"
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Chapter 20: Girding for War: The North and the South,1861-1865
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Q1) West Virginia
Q2) As the Civil War began,the South had the advantage of
A) more talented political leaders.
B) more talented military leaders.
C) superior industrial capabilities.
D) greater manpower.
E) a stronger navy.
Q3) At the outset of the Civil War,the South confidently anticipated that King Cotton would guarantee European intervention on behalf of the Confederacy.Why didn't this intervention materialize? How did European powers aid the South in more limited ways?
Q4) Border States
Q5) Morrill Tariff Act (1861)
Q6) Immigrants from northern Europe added to the North´s advantage in manpower,providing about _____ of the Union´s forces.
A) ten percent
B) fifteen percent
C) twenty percent
D) thirty-five percent
E) forty percent
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Chapter 21: The Furnace of Civil War,1861-1865
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Q1) Battle of Bull Run (Manassas Junction)
Q2) Historians often rank Abraham Lincoln,as the "greatest" of American presidents.Do you agree? Why or why not?
Q3) Appomattox Courthouse
Q4) Robert E.Lee
Q5) Which was the most decisive battle of the Civil War: Antietam,Gettysburg,Vicksburg,or Atlanta? Why?
Q6) Union party
Q7) George B.McClellan
Q8) After replacing his top generals several times,Lincoln finally found an effective commander in
A) Thomas J. Jackson
B) George B. McClellan.
C) George G. Meade.
D) Robert E. Lee.
E) Ulysses S. Grant.
Q9) How much of the Civil War was fought not on the battlefield,but in the electoral politics of the North? How did Lincoln manage to win his political struggle with his opponents within the Union while also fighting the Confederacy?
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Q1) Civil Rights Bill
Q2) Political corruption during Reconstruction was
A) confined to the South.
B) located in the North.
C) present in both North and South.
D) present in all Southern states except South Carolina and Louisiana.
E) almost entirely conducted by blacks.
Q3) "Scalawags" were
A) pro-Union Southerners accused of exploiting the South in collusion with Republican state governments.
B) violent pro-Confederate extremists who terrorized Republicans and ex-slaves.
C) Northerners accused of coming to the South to exploit the region's postwar suffering for personal gain.
D) ex-slaves who supported the Democratic Party's restoration.
E) Union soldiers accused of growing too friendly with Southerners during the Reconstruction military occupation.
Q4) How much did ex-slaves accomplish during Reconstruction in the face of white Southerners' hostility and violence? In what ways was Reconstruction most disappointing to them?
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