Travel and Tourism Operations
Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Travel and Tourism Operations explores the core principles, structures, and functions of the travel and tourism industry. The course examines travel intermediaries, transportation modes, accommodation, attractions, and the essential role of tour operators. Students analyze operational procedures including itinerary planning, reservations, customer service, and the use of technology in booking and managing tours. Emphasis is placed on understanding current trends, legal and ethical considerations, and sustainability practices. Through case studies and practical assignments, learners gain insight into the day-to-day challenges of managing travel and tourism businesses, preparing them for a successful career in this dynamic sector.
Recommended Textbook
Tourism Principles Practices Philosophies 12th Edition by Charles R. Goeldner
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20 Chapters
307 Verified Questions
307 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Tourism in Perspective
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person traveling away from home for less than 24 hours is called a:
A) traveler.
B) tourist.
C) excursionist.
D) domestic traveler.
E) Any of the above is acceptable.
Answer: C
Q2) Many industry analysts predict that global tourism will:
A) almost double in the next 10 years.
B) increase modestly by year 2010.
C) probably remain about the same as in 2000 for the next decade.
D) likely slightly decrease by year 2010 due to economic recessions.
E) likely drop significantly due to increasing fuel prices.
Answer: A
Q3) To be tourists, travelers may be:
A) traveling for business purposes.
B) traveling to set up a new business in another country.
C) studying in a university for the freshman year.
D) All of the above are tourists.
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Tourism Through the Ages
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Sample Questions
Q1) Thomas Cook was the first:
A) steamship agent.
B) rail excursion agent.
C) travel agent.
D) harbinger.
E) stagecoach travel agent.
Answer: B
Q2) Tourism for the masses began with the development of:
A) the spas of the Romans.
B) seaside resorts in Britain.
C) the Cook's tour.
D) the railroad.
E) stagecoach travel.
Answer: D
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Career Opportunities
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Sample Questions
Q1) Employment in the tourism sector is expected to:
A) grow at the same rate as other economic sectors.
B) grow faster than other economic sectors.
C) grow more slowly than other economic sectors.
D) decline in the near future.
Answer: B
Q2) Jobs such as general manager, accountants, director of sales, bellhops, and maintenance workers can be provided by:
A) airlines
B) food service
C) gaming
D) hotels, motels, resorts
E) attractions
Answer: D
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Page 5
Chapter 4:
World, National, Regional, and Other Organizations
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Sample Questions
Q1) In most cases regional tourist promotion organizations:
A) limit membership to private enterprises such as hotels, motels, campgrounds and restaurants.
B) exclude from membership government units such as counties or cities.
C) are made up of all kinds of firms and government units that have an interest in developing tourism.
D) are made up of government units below the state level) such as counties and cities
Q2) What is the federal tourism agency for the United States that is concerned with research and policy?
A) United States Travel Industry Association
B) Office of Travel and Tourism Industries
C) United States Tourism Policy Administration
D) U.S. Travel Data Center
E) National Council on Travel and Tourism
Q3) The most widely recognized organization in tourism is:
A) ECOSOC.
B) ATC.
C) UNWTO.
D) USTTA.
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Chapter 5: Passenger Transportation
10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Rental cars, though important in the U.S., are:
A) usually rented in a package with air travel.
B) found at most large city airports but not at mid-sized or smaller ones.
C) one of the few forms of transportation having a small, slow growth.
D) mainly owned by a few very large companies like Hertz and Avis.
E) None of the above.
Q2) The U.S. Scenic byways program is:
A) found in all 50 states.
B) sponsored by each of these 50 states.
C) made up of about 14 million miles of roads.
D) averages about 19 routes per state.
E) coordinated by the U.S. Department of Transportation.
Q3) Greyhound lines:
A) are the only nation-wide bus line.
B) utilize a bus passenger reservation system.
C) do very little charter business.
D) All of the above.
E) a and b.
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Chapter 6: Hospitality and Related Services
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the AH&LA, the typical lodging customer consists of approximately:
A) 85 percent leisure travelers.
B) 75 percent leisure travelers.
C) 65 percent leisure travelers.
D) 55 percent leisure travelers.
E) 45 percent leisure travelers.
Q2) The following tourism destinations are noted for higher than average hotel occupancy rates:
A) Vancouver and Toronto in Canada.
B) New York, Boston, and Philadelphia in the U.S.
C) St. Louis, Kansas City, and Omaha in the U.S.
D) Las Vegas, San Francisco, New York.
E) Bermuda, Puerto Rico, and Miami.
Q3) According to the AH&LA, the typical lodging customer consists of approximately:
A) 20 percent business travelers.
B) 30 percent business travelers.
C) 45 percent business travelers.
D) 65 percent business travelers.
E) 75 percent business travelers.
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Chapter 7: Organizations in the Distribution Process
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following was the top travel agency in 2009 based on their total sales volume:
A) Expedia.
B) Orbitz.
C) American Express Travel.
D) AAA Travel.
E) Carson Wagonlit Travel.
Q2) A current travel agencies trend is:
A) increasing numbers.
B) decreasing volume.
C) growth of home-based agents.
D) decline of consortia.
Q3) A cruise line sales executive would probably use mainly: distributors)
A) incentive travel companies.
B) large companies which specialize in group tours and cruises.
C) retail travel agencies.
D) specialty channelers.
E) corporate travel departments.
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Chapter 8: Attractions, Recreation, Entertainment, and Other
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Sample Questions
Q1) How important to tourism are attractions?
A) very
B) somewhat
C) minimal
D) important only if combined with transportation
E) not at all important
Q2) The theme park business enjoyed spectacular growth after the building of:
A) Disney World.
B) Universal Studios, Anaheim.
C) Knott's Berry Farm, Buena Park.
D) Busch Gardens, Tampa.
E) Disneyland, Anaheim.
Q3) The U.S. Forest Service:
A) is part of the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
B) maintains 193 million acres in their system.
C) administers grasslands.
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.
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Chapter 9: Motivation for Pleasure Travel
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Grand Tour for English scholars is/was:
A) still practiced today.
B) an actual group tour with a guide.
C) mainly provided by parents of moderate means.
D) flourished by the end of the sixteenth century.
Q2) The Plog model of tourism motivation asserts that "psychocentrics":
A) are very religious.
B) are highly adventurous.
C) prefer the familiar.
D) require psychotic drugs when flying.
E) are bi-polar.
Q3) The Plog model of tourism motivations asserts that "allocentrics":
A) are very religious.
B) are highly adventurous.
C) prefer the familiar.
D) use aloe vera to calm their nerves when flying.
E) are bi-polar.
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11
Chapter 10: Cultural and International Tourism for Lifes
Enrichment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following was the latest "Presidential Library and Museum" to be established to honor past presidents of the United States mentioned in the text?
A) Ronald W. Reagan Presidential Library and Museum, Simi Valley, CA
B) Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, Yorba Linda, CA
C) William J. Clinton Presidential Library and Museum, Little Rock, AR
D) Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum, Springfield, IL
Q2) From an international touristic point of view, one of the principal weaknesses of museums is that:
A) they are often inaccessible to tourists without automobiles.
B) they often have exhibits labeled in only one language.
C) they are often too expensive for the average tourist.
D) they are often not open at convenient times.
E) they display items of little interest to visitors.
Q3) Cultural tourism:
A) always leads to better understanding between people.
B) requires cooperation between nations.
C) is primarily concerned with projecting cultures.
D) is concerned with people learning about each other's way of life.
E) is not important in international travel.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Sociology of Tourism
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Sample Questions
Q1) Contemporary institutionalized tourism:
A) is really a mass production industry.
B) provides maximum novelty of experience.
C) does not provide an attractive tourist experience.
D) does little to develop the tourism potential of a developing country.
E) c and d
Q2) If a developing country wishes to attract mass tourism it must:
A) price tourism below competitors.
B) offer a series of festivals at various times of the year.
C) provide facilities based on Western standards.
D) remove all barriers to entering the country.
E) offer social contacts with tourists.
Q3) Which of the following is not one of the "extremities" of international traveler preferences?
A) order-disorder
B) familiarity-novelty
C) pleasurable-distasteful
D) relaxation-activity
E) dependence-autonomy
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Tourism Components and Supply
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Sample Questions
Q1) All decisions pertaining to the management of the hotel should begin with the:
A) board of directors.
B) owners).
C) manager in consultation with the department heads.
D) manager.
E) customers and guests.
Q2) Which of the following would not normally be viewed as an element of a destination spirit of hospitality and culture?
A) programs to welcome airport arrivals in a destination
B) program for the protection and ethical treatment of travelers PETT)
C) program to educate visitors about the religions of the residents of the destination
D) in-house programs to share resident spouses with visitors
E) programs to ensure that all visitors have access to recreation facilities in the destination
Q3) Why has the automobile reached such predominance in travel?
A) It is quite inexpensive.
B) It is an efficient means of transportation.
C) It is very convenient.
D) It is the fastest method between any two cities less than 300 miles apart.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Measuring and Forecasting Demand
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Sample Questions
Q1) Visitor days as a measure of demand is:
A) the number of visitors arriving at a destination each day for a year.
B) visitor arrivals x average length of stay.
C) number of days spent by visitors of one community/area in another destination.
D) expenditures by tourists in an area.
E) the total number of days spent by tourists at commercial lodging establishments in an area.
Q2) What is meant by elasticity of demand for travel?
A) A cut in price results in fewer people buying the trip.
B) A cut in price results in more persons buying the trip.
C) A cut in price means less total revenue generated.
D) A cut in price means more revenue generated than at the higher price.
E) A cut in price has little effect on revenue.
Q3) Which is the most meaningful measure of demand?
A) visitor arrivals
B) visitor days or visitor nights
C) visitors
D) excursionists' visits
E) amounts spent
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Page 15
Chapter 19: Tourism Marketing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Market segmentation is a process of:
A) assembling various market segments into a complete market.
B) using segmentation variable in the marketplace.
C) thinking like the customer.
D) identifying groups of customers with similar characteristics.
E) deciding on a specific market and staying with it.
Q2) The difference between a selling and a marketing approach is that:
A) marketing focuses on selling a product.
B) marketing emphasizes profits through customer satisfaction.
C) marketing emphasized promotion and personal selling.
D) the selling approach focuses first on customer needs and then on promotional activities.
E) the seller must be well compensated.
Q3) The marketing concept demonstrates, above all other things, the importance of:
A) production consideration in producing new travel products.
B) a good advertising plan.
C) consumers' needs and wants.
D) conceptualizing a marketing phenomenon which is difficult to understand.
E) using an advertising agency.
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Page 16
Chapter 14: Tourisms Economic Impact
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Sample Questions
Q1) The optimum price for a hotel room would be one that:
A) maximizes per unit profit.
B) maximizes occupancy for the entire hotel.
C) maximizes profits.
D) maximizes total revenue.
E) maximizes guest satisfaction.
Q2) One of the major induced or indirect) effects of tourism economically is on:
A) balance of payments.
B) income the multiplier).
C) export levels.
D) propensity to save.
E) import levels.
Q3) What reason can be given for the importance of price stabilization for tourist purchases?
A) Tourists are always hunting for bargains.
B) Rising prices automatically tend to reduce the volume of demand.
C) Tourists probably will not return so we can charge them more just so long as we keep the prices stable.
D) Tax collections to the government will be more favorable.
E) Demand will probably rise.
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Chapter 15: Tourism Policy: Structure, Content and Process
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Sample Questions
Q1) In general terms, a formal tourism policy for a given destination ignores such areas at the national level) as:
A) the type of destination that will most effectively fulfill the desired roles.
B) the selection of magazines for week-end get-a-way ads.
C) taxation - types and levels.
D) financing for the tourism sector - sources and terms.
E) the roles of tourism within the overall socioeconomic development of the destination region.
Q2) Which of the following are not stakeholders in making decisions concerning a tourism destination?
A) the transportation sector
B) cultural/heritage groups
C) foreign visitors
D) local religious groups
E) a non-resident who does not travel
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18
Chapter 16: Tourism Planning, Development, and Social Consideration
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of tourism infrastructure?
A) roads
B) public utilities
C) parks
D) airfields
E) All of the above.
Q2) In regional planning for tourism development, one of the first things to be considered by any planning body should be:
A) the life cycle of hotels.
B) where hotels will be located.
C) the number of rooms needed.
D) types of accommodations to be built.
E) construction of infrastructure.
Q3) Why must the quality of natural resources for tourism be maintained?
A) It enhances the beauty and appeal of the area.
B) It helps assure the health and enjoyment of the visitor.
C) It is absolutely necessary for continued satisfaction of the guest.
D) Demand will diminish along with quality.
E) All of the above.
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Chapter 17: Tourism and the Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) As a developer you wisely advise your architect to design the building:
A) so as to obtain the largest rooms at the lowest cost.
B) which is the easiest and simplest to build.
C) to look just like you dreamed about.
D) using indigenous designs.
E) to have an exciting modernistic look.
Q2) Which of the following is not a generally accepted principle for achieving sustainable tourism?
A) Take a holistic perspective
B) Address both global and local impacts
C) Ensure tourism destinations are located in national parks
D) Promote sustainable consumption
E) Pursue multi-stakeholder engagement
Q3) Environmental policy is best defined as:
A) the most useful guideline for an ecotour company.
B) preserving the natural appeals of the destination or attraction.
C) places the environmental potential and improving life for local people.
D) preserving the future environment first and economic returns second.
E) a minimum of disturbance of the plant and animal life.
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Page 20
Chapter 18: Travel and Tourism Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) The task of motivation research is to:
A) determine which marketing functions are essential.
B) find out just what makes people behave as they do.
C) determine the relationship between disposable income and consumption.
D) trace the relationship between population characteristics and consumption.
E) analyze the quantitative importance of marketing in the United States.
Q2) An advantage of the survey method of gathering data is that:
A) it is inexpensive.
B) it takes very little time to plan and execute.
C) it is more realistic simulation of market performance than observation or experimentation.
D) errors are not likely to enter the project.
E) it goes directly to original sources of information.
Q3) The TTRA is:
A) the Train Travel Research Association.
B) the largest travel research organization.
C) a nonprofit, privately supported agency frequently used by government to develop tourism policies.
D) an organization that specializes in conducting research in the hotel and restaurant management field.
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Chapter 20: Tourisms Future
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Sample Questions
Q1) Developing countries have not enjoyed the increase in tourism. They have:
A) extremely rich cultures and histories.
B) actually little to offer tourists.
C) well educated, trained but underutilized personnel.
D) usually an adequate infrastructure.
E) very little leakage of what tourist expenditures they receive.
Q2) Considering future demographic shifts in global tourism markets:
A) The 50-65 age group will increase substantially between 2012-2020.
B) travelers from traditional generating countries are becoming younger.
C) older people will be the dominating market segment.
D) age group distributions will remain much as they are today.
E) much increase is expected in the family market.
Q3) The trend toward ______________________ is of concern to all travel suppliers:
A) increased income
B) a better educated traveler
C) time poverty
D) increased automobile ownership
E) None of the above.
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Page 22