Transfusion Medicine
Exam Answer Key
Course Introduction
Transfusion Medicine is a comprehensive course that explores the principles and practices involved in the collection, testing, processing, and administration of blood and blood components. The course covers key topics such as blood group systems, compatibility testing, transfusion reactions, and component therapy, along with the clinical indications for transfusion in various medical settings. Emphasis is placed on laboratory techniques, safety protocols, donor selection, and the ethical and regulatory frameworks governing transfusion services. Through case studies and practical sessions, students gain a thorough understanding of the challenges and advances in transfusion medicine, preparing them for roles in clinical laboratories, hospitals, and research institutions.
Recommended Textbook
Basic and Applied Concepts of Immunohematology 2nd Edition by Kathy D. Blaney
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
16 Chapters
393 Verified Questions
393 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1436
Page 2
Chapter 1: Immunology: Basic Principles and Applications in the Blood Bank
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28516
Sample Questions
Q1) Select the region of the antibody molecule responsible for imparting unique antibody specificity.
A) Variable region
B) Constant region
C) Hinge region
D) Fc fragment
Answer: A
Q2) What is the potential effect in a tube agglutination test if a red cell suspension with a concentration greater than 5% is used?
A) False negatives
B) False positives
C) Hemolysis
D) No effect
Answer: A
Q3) What immunoglobulin class reacts best by antiglobulin testing?
A) IgM
B) IgA
C) IgE
D) IgG
Answer: D
Page 3
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 2: Blood Banking Reagents: Overview and Applications
in Immunohematology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28517
Sample Questions
Q1) The antiglobulin test was performed using gel technology. A button of cells was observed at the bottom of the microtube following centrifugation. This result indicates a:
A) problem with the card.
B) negative reaction.
C) strong positive reaction.
D) failure to wash correctly.
Answer: B
Q2) Reagent derived from plants used to distinguish group A<sub>1</sub> from group A<sub>2</sub> red cells
A)Panel cells
B)Screening cells
C)A<sub>1</sub> and B cells
D)ABO antisera
E)Rh antisera
F)Lectins
Answer: F
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
4
Chapter 3: Genetic Principles in Blood Banking
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28518
Sample Questions
Q1) Of the following markers that can be used to test for paternity, which marker provides the most useful statistical value?
A) Human leukocyte antigen typing
B) D antigens
C) ABO system antigens
D) The Kidd system (Jk<sup>a</sup>, Jk<sup>b</sup>)
Answer: B
Q2) A father carries the Xg<sup>a</sup> blood group trait and passes it on to all of his daughters but to none of his sons. What type of inheritance pattern does this demonstrate?
A) X-linked dominant
B) X-linked recessive
C) Autosomal dominant
D) Autosomal recessive
Answer: A
Q3) Parents who are both phenotyped as group A cannot have a group O child. A) True
B) False
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 5
Chapter 4: Abo and H Blood Group Systems and Secretor
Status
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28519
Sample Questions
Q1) The subgroup of A with the least amount of A antigen is:
A) A<sub>3</sub>.
B) A<sub>x</sub>.
C) A<sub>2</sub>.
D) A<sub>el</sub>.
Q2) Group B
A)D-galactose
B)L-fucose
C)N-acetylgalactosamine
D)None of the above
Q3) What percentage of the group A population are type A<sub>2</sub>?
A) 1%
B) 10%
C) 20%
D) 35%
Q4) H antigen
A)D-galactose
B)L-fucose
C)N-acetylgalactosamine
D)None of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 6
Chapter 5: Rh Blood Group System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28520
Sample Questions
Q1) DcE
A)R<sub>1</sub>r
B)R<sub>1</sub>R<sub>1</sub>
C)R<sub>2</sub>R<sub>2</sub>
D)rr
Q2) Most Rh system antibodies are of which immunoglobulin class?
A) IgM
B) IgG
C) IgA
D) IgE
Q3) The numeric Rh4 nomenclature refers to which antigen in the Rosenfield notation? A) C
B) c
C) e
D) E
Q4) The frequency of the D-negative phenotype in the population is:
A) 15%.
B) 85%.
C) 50%.
D) 35%.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Other Blood Group Systems
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28521
Sample Questions
Q1) Antigens Yt<sup>a</sup> and Yt<sup>b</sup> are in this system
A)Cartwright
B)MNSs
C)Kidd
D)Bg
E)Xg<sup>a</sup>
F)Sd<sup>a</sup> antigen
G)Chido
H)Knops
I)Duffy
J)Vel
Q2) Antibodies to Lu<sup>b</sup> antigen are not commonly detected because:
A) Lu<sup>b</sup> antigen is of high incidence.
B) the antibodies do not cause transfusion reactions.
C) Lu<sup>b</sup> antigen is not present on screening cells.
D) the antibodies react best at 4° C.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
8
Chapter 7: Antibody Detection and Identification
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28522
Sample Questions
Q1) Antibodies to low-incidence antigens include all of the following except:
A) anti-Vel.
B) anti-C<sup>w</sup>.
C) anti-V.
D) anti-Lu<sup>a</sup>.
Q2) The best description of the elution technique is that it is a technique used to:
A) disassociate IgM antibodies from red cells for further identification.
B) disassociate IgG antibodies from red cells for further identification.
C) adsorb IgG antibodies from serum.
D) separate IgG and IgM antibodies in serum.
Q3) Both screening cells positive 1+ at IS, DAT negative
A)Alloantibody, IgG
B)Alloantibody, IgM
C)Autoantibody, IgM
D)Autoantibody or transfusion reaction, IgG
Q4) An example of a cold alloantibody includes:
A) anti-M.
B) anti-I.
C) anti-Lu<sup>b</sup>.
D) anti-k.
Page 9
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 8: Compatibility Testing
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28523
Sample Questions
Q1) In which of the following situations can the crossmatch test be omitted?
A) In a patient who is receiving a directed donation
B) In a patient who has received a massive transfusion within a 24-hour period
C) In a patient who is pregnant
D) In a bone marrow transplant recipient
Q2) Select the correct statement regarding the collection of a blood sample for compatibility testing.
A) The sample must be labeled at the bedside.
B) The sample requires a new numeric identifier for the patient for each admittance.
C) The sample may be labeled at any time in an emergency.
D) The sample does not require a means to identify the phlebotomist.
Q3) The use of the electronic (computer) crossmatch is restricted to recipients who:
A) are group O.
B) do not have a clinically significant antibody.
C) have had successful transfusions in the past.
D) have transfusion history that has been documented in the computer.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 9: Donor Selection and Phlebotomy
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28524
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following contributes to permanent rejection status of a donor?
A) A tattoo 5 months previously
B) Contact with a patient with viral hepatitis
C) Two units of blood transfused 4 months previously
D) Confirmed positive test for hepatitis B surface antigen 10 years previously
Q2) It is necessary to mix the unit frequently during the donation process to:
A) avoid blood clots by mixing the anticoagulant with the blood.
B) suspend the platelets throughout the unit.
C) determine whether the volume is acceptable.
D) allow the donation process to go more quickly.
Q3) During the donor screening process, the potential donor's blood drop sinks to the bottom of the copper sulfate solution within 15 seconds. What is the interpretation of this test?
A) The hemoglobin is within limits; however, the hematocrit must be checked.
B) The donor has an acceptable hemoglobin and hematocrit to donate.
C) The donor is temporarily deferred.
D) The specific gravity of the copper sulfate is incorrect.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
11
Chapter 10: Testing of Donor Blood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28525
Sample Questions
Q1) A hepatitis B virus carrier is defined as a:
A) hepatitis B surface antigen-positive person who has liver disease as a result of a previous hepatitis exposure.
B) person who can transmit hepatitis B virus but may not be outwardly affected by it.
C) hepatitis B surface antibody-positive person, negative for hepatitis B surface antigen.
D) hepatitis B core antibody-positive person, negative for hepatitis B surface antigen.
Q2) If a donor is found to be positive for hepatitis C virus by nucleic acid testing, the process of "look-back" is initiated to:
A) quarantine units in the blood center that may exist from prior donations from the inventory.
B) notify recipients who may have previously received blood from this donor.
C) locate and quarantine units that have been sent to transfusion facilities from this donor in the past.
D) all of the above.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
12
Chapter 11: Blood Component Preparation and Therapy
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28526
Sample Questions
Q1) Pheresis (ACD)
A)21 days
B)35 days
C)42 days
D)10 years
E)28 days
F)24 hours
G)48 hours
H)72 hours
Q2) CPD
A)21 days
B)35 days
C)42 days
D)10 years
E)28 days
F)24 hours
G)48 hours
H)72 hours
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
13
Chapter 12: Adverse Complications of Transfusions
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28527
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is necessary to prevent an anaphylactic reaction due to a known IgA antibody in a patient?
A) All red blood cell units should be irradiated.
B) Red blood cell units should be washed.
C) All blood components should be leukoreduced.
D) Patient should be given antihistamine before transfusion.
Q2) What organ of the recipient's body is involved in a transfusion-related acute lung injury transfusion reaction?
A) Heart
B) Lung
C) Liver
D) Brain
Q3) Febrile, nonhemolytic
A)Prevented by leukoreduced components
B)Prevented by irradiation of components
C)Symptoms include hives and itching
D)Associated with ABO incompatibilities
E)Caused by donor white cell antibodies
F)Alloantibodies to red cell antigens
G)Can be prevented by transfusion slowly
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14
Chapter 13: Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28528
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following best describes the principle of the Kleihauer-Betke test?
A) Fetal hemoglobin is resistant to acid elution and remains in the cell to stain pink, whereas adult cells appear as ghost cells.
B) Adult hemoglobin is resistant to acid elution and remains in the cell to stain pink, whereas fetal cells appear as ghost cells.
C) D-positive cells from the fetus form rosettes around the IgG-coated mother's cells.
D) Indicator cells form rosettes around the fetal D-positive cells.
Q2) An acid elution stain was made using a 1-hour postdelivery maternal blood sample. Results: 10 fetal cells/1000 cells counted
It is the policy to add 1 vial of Rh immune globulin to the calculated dose when the estimated volume of the hemorrhage exceeds 20 mL of whole blood. Calculate the number of vials of Rh immune globulin that would be indicated under these circumstances.
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 15
Chapter 14: Transfusion Therapy in Selected Patients
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28529
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following contributes to the high blood use in a liver transplant surgery?
A) The liver is a very large organ.
B) It is difficult to find close human leukocyte antigen matches for liver transplants.
C) Platelets are stored in the liver.
D) The liver produces the vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors.
Q2) Why do premature neonates require red blood cell transfusions?
A) Iatrogenic blood loss
B) Hemoglobin F is being changed to hemoglobin A
C) Insufficient erythropoiesis
D) All of the above
Q3) A patient demonstrated the following symptoms: hypotension, tachycardia, cold or clammy skin, and cyanosis. What is the most likely cause?
A) Anaphylactic shock
B) Graft-versus-host disease
C) Congestive heart failure
D) Hypovolemic shock
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 16
Chapter 15: Quality Assurance and Regulation of the Blood Industry
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28530
Sample Questions
Q1) Plans that provide the framework for establishing quality assurance in an organization are:
A) current good manufacturing practices.
B) standard operating procedures.
C) change control plan.
D) continuous quality improvement plan.
Q2) Employee training takes place:
A) after hiring and following implementation of new procedures.
B) following competency assessment.
C) only for new inexperienced employees.
D) as procedures are validated.
Q3) The standard operating procedure is a document that:
A) helps achieve consistency of results.
B) may be substituted with package inserts.
C) is necessary only for training new employees.
D) must be very detailed to be accurate.
Q4) Quality control is the same as quality assurance.
A) True
B) False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 16: Safety Issues in the Blood Bank
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/28531
Sample Questions
Q1) FDA
A)Ensures safe and healthful working conditions
B)Government agency that determines whether a health facility meets standards for reimbursement for Medicare
C)Assessment of medical wastes
D)Ensures the safety and efficacy of biologics, drugs, and devices
E)Voluntary accrediting agency for hospitals
F)Writes fire safety standards
G)Provides peer-reviewed accreditation for hospital laboratories
H)Professional organization that accredits blood banks and transfusion services
I)Makes recommendations to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration regarding the prevention of disease transmission
J)Governs all transportation except by mail
Q2) Biosafety levels determine:
A) on what floor certain infectious disease testing can be performed.
B) the degree of risk for certain areas of a health care facility to exposure to infectious diseases.
C) the amount of ventilation required in a transfusion service.
D) how many biohazardous waste containers a laboratory must have.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 18