Tourism Marketing Test Questions
Course Introduction
Tourism Marketing explores the strategies and principles used to promote tourism destinations, products, and services to local, national, and international markets. The course covers key topics such as market research, consumer behavior, branding, digital marketing, and sustainable marketing practices specific to the tourism industry. Students will develop an understanding of how marketing frameworks are applied to enhance destination competitiveness and visitor engagement, as well as how to design effective marketing campaigns that respond to changing global trends and diverse customer needs. Through case studies and practical projects, students gain hands-on experience in developing and evaluating marketing plans tailored for the dynamic tourism sector.
Recommended Textbook
Consumer Behaviour 3rd Australia Edition by Michael Solomon
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Buying,having and Being
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the different categories of relationships that people may have with products,nostalgic attachment occurs if the product is part of the user's daily routine.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Psychographic information is not considered to be demographic data because this type of information is not directly observable.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The sociological perspective of role theory can be used to explain why people who engage in certain activities seem to have a 'uniform.' For example,cyclists have spandex and helmets,while fly fishermen have vests and floppy hats.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) Anna is dedicated to fitness and nutrition.She rarely eats fast food because of the high calories and low nutritional value.Though Anna is exposed to many advertising messages from fast food restaurants each day,she rarely processes these messages.This is an example of subliminal perception.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) As a personal selection factor,adaptation is seen as the degree to which consumers continue to notice a stimulus over time.Five factors can lead to adaptation.List the five factors and briefly describe their connection with adaptation. Answer: The five factors are intensity (less-intense stimuli habituate because they have less impact),duration (stimuli that are long in duration tend to habituate),discrimination (simple stimuli habituate because they do not require attention to detail),exposure (frequently encountered stimuli habituate as the rate of exposure increases),and relevance (stimuli that are irrelevant or unimportant habituate because they fail to attract attention).
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Chapter 3: Learning and Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jason heard an old but familiar song that reminded him of a summer in Austria when he was at university.As he thought more about his summer of the past,a flood of memories came rushing back.Describe what was happening to Jason in terms of memory markers.What specific term is used to describe the process whereby his memories came flooding back?
Answer: Memory markers are retrieval cues.The song acted as a mnemonic device that allowed Jason to retrieve episodic memories.A mnemonic is a cue that is memorised along with a memory and will trigger the memory.Episodic memories are those that allow us to remember what we did,or what happened to us or others,and in what order.Spontaneous recovery explains why Jason's memories came back in a rush.
Q2) Gradually changing the package of a product that depends heavily on brand loyalty can be successful if each change is minor.Over the course of a year or more the package may change totally in appearance without offending or confusing brand loyal customers.What factors influencing forgetting allow this marketing strategy to work?
Answer: Because of stimulus generalisation,the customer learns to associate the benefits and feelings of the old product with the new package.At the same time,retroactive interference is causing the memory of the original package to weaken.
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Chapter 4: Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most Freudian applications in marketing relate to the product's ________.
A) brand personality
B) hidden values
C) competitive advantage
D) sexual symbolism
Q2) What theory of personality suggests that one person differs from another because of a number of different characteristics such as introversion or extroversion?
A) Trait theory
B) Collective unconscious theory
C) Freudian theory
D) Archetype theory
Q3) Jim sees himself as being confident,powerful and heroic.According to the BrandAsset Archetypes model developed by ad agency Young & Rubicam,Jim would be classified as a ________.
A) Patriarch
B) Sage
C) Troubadour
D) Warrior
Q4) What did Freud mean when he said,"sometimes a cigar is just a cigar"?
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Chapter 5: Motivation and Values
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jeff's favourite quote is "He who dies with the most toys,wins".If Jeff really thinks like this,he is expressing a concept known as ________.
A) materialism
B) realism
C) egotism
D) relativism
Q2) Explain the etic and emic perspectives on global marketing.Give an example of the use of each.
Q3) Involvement can be seen as the motivation to process information.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Freelancers and fans film their own commercials for their favourite products and post them on Web sites.This is referred to as ________.
A) mass customisation marketing
B) consumer-generated content
C) performance marketing
D) mobile marketing
Q5) Explain the means-end chain model.Give an example to demonstrate how the process might work.
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Chapter 6: The Self
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Sample Questions
Q1) People across all cultures appear to favour physical features that are associated with ________.
A) intellect
B) wealth
C) youth and good health
D) confidence
Q2) Historically,people have most closely associated tattoos with ________.
A) social outcasts
B) members of the ruling class
C) family members
D) members of religious orders
Q3) The extended self is comprised of ________.
A) our actual and ideal selves
B) our actual and virtual selves
C) external objects we consider a part of us
D) our body image and self-esteem
Q4) Masculinity and femininity are biological characteristics.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain and give a brief example of symbolic self-completion theory.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Attitudes and Attitude Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) A politician attempts to gain support for her campaign for mayor by releasing a poll showing that almost 70 per cent of the city's voters support her position on property taxes.What basic psychological principle is the politician using to persuade voters that she should be the next mayor?
A) Consistency
B) Authority
C) Consensus
D) Liking
Q2) All multi-attribute attitude models specify the importance of three elements.Two of those elements are attributes and beliefs.What is the third element?
A) Action variables
B) Motivations
C) Recency of events
D) Importance weights
Q3) Both the Fishbein model and the extended Fishbein model attempt to measure the influence of attitudes.What was the flaw in the original model and what was added in the extended model to correct this flaw?
Q4) Describe the functional theory of attitudes and its components (functions).
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9
Chapter 8: Individual Decision Making
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cedric runs out of petrol.He thinks to himself,"How stupid I am!" Cedric has just experienced a form of problem recognition that is being dominated by a downward movement in his actual state.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What type of cybermediaries are intelligent agents?
A) They are travel agents who answer questions online.
B) They are people who can help computer users with problems they encounter when trying to shop online; contacts are direct and in-person.
C) They are sophisticated software programs that use collaborative filtering technologies to learn from past user behaviour in order to recommend new purchases.
D) They are search engines specifically designed for online marketing and other forms of e-commerce.
Q3) What is an evoked set? What is a consideration set? Create examples to illustrate the terms.
Q4) Decisions are influenced by the way a problem is posed.This is called framing.
A)True
B)False
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Buying and Disposing
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Sample Questions
Q1) In-store shopping has become extremely important in today's highly competitive retail environment.It has been estimated that about ________ of supermarket purchases are decided in the aisles as consumers shop.
A) one-quarter
B) one-half
C) two-thirds
D) four-fifths
Q2) ________ is the conscious designing of retail space and its various dimensions to evoke certain effects in buyers.
A) Pretailing
B) Atmospherics
C) Market-landscaping
D) Store image
Q3) Which of the following cultures is likely to see time as cyclic?
A) American
B) German
C) Swiss
D) Hispanic
Q4) What is the difference between unplanned buying and impulse buying?
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Chapter 10: Groups and Social Connections
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Sample Questions
Q1) Product information which is transmitted by individuals to individuals is called ________.
A) independent analysis
B) product shuffle
C) reactance formation
D) word-of-mouth
Q2) If a consumer admires the qualities of another person and copies his or her behaviours,the person that is copied is said to have ________ power.
A) referent
B) informational
C) legitimate
D) coercive
Q3) Reference groups influence consumers in three ways.Name these three ways and describe the nature of the influence upon the consumer.
Q4) The likelihood that someone will belong to your reference group is enhanced if you and the person have propinquity.
A)True
B)False
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Australian Culture and Lifestyle
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Q1) Explain the concept of de-ethnicisation.Give an example.
Q2) An ethnic subculture consists of a self-perpetuating group of consumers who are held together by common cultural and/or genetic ties.This subculture is identified both by its members and by others as a distinguishable category.
A)True
B)False
Q3) We can trace most religion-oriented marketing activity in Australia to the ________ community.
A) Jewish
B) Buddhist
C) Muslim
D) Christian
Q4) People and institutions that teach the ways of a culture are called ________.
A) progressive learning models
B) ethnography facilitators
C) host cultures
D) acculturation agents
Q5) List the various ways that psychographic segmentation can be used.
Q6) Explain how religion can influence consumption.Give two examples.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Income and Social Class
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Sample Questions
Q1) The field of ________ is concerned with the 'human' side of economic decisions (including biases in decision making).
A) clinical psychology
B) microeconomics
C) macroeconomics
D) behavioural economics
Q2) Product ________ occurs when the symbolic meanings of different products are related to one another.
A) distinction
B) crystallisation
C) complementarity
D) hierarchy
Q3) Explain the concept of social mobility and its various forms.
Q4) Of the three groups of attitudes toward luxury,the largest group is 'luxury is indulgence.' This view is held mainly by seniors with wealth.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain how the relationship between England's class structure and consumption has recently begun to change.
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Chapter 13: Age
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Sample Questions
Q1) Briefly explain how teens have been found to use ridicule to exchange information about consumption norms and values.
Q2) Gen Yers are at home in a ________,communicating by texting and IMing.
A) thumb culture
B) tween market
C) grey market
D) renaissance culture
Q3) Age cohorts share similar problems because they are more genetically similar than people from different cohorts.
A)True
B)False
Q4) If you were a person born between 1946 and 1964,you would be called a ________.
A) Baby Boomlet
B) Baby Buster
C) War Baby
D) Baby Boomer
Q5) Nostalgia is important to marketers but they have no way of measuring it.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: The Culture of Consumption
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Sample Questions
Q1) A fad has a relatively long acceptance cycle in today's marketplace because of the money necessary to develop the fad.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Culture is best described as a society's ________.
A) attitude
B) consciousness
C) personality
D) history
Q3) A ________ is a custom with a strong moral overtone.
A) more
B) superstition
C) convention
D) monomyth
Q4) A ________ is a very short-lived fashion.
A) trend
B) fad
C) classic
D) style
Q5) Explain the idea of an antifestival and describe an example of an antifestival.
Page 16
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