Technology Strategy
Exam Materials
Course Introduction
Technology Strategy explores how organizations can leverage technological innovation to gain and sustain competitive advantage. The course examines frameworks for analyzing technology-driven markets, methods for developing and implementing technology strategies, and the interplay between technology and business models. Students learn to evaluate emerging technologies, make strategic investment decisions, manage research and development portfolios, and anticipate technological disruptions. Through case studies and real-world examples, the course emphasizes aligning technological capabilities with organizational goals and adapting strategy in dynamic environments.
Recommended Textbook
Strategic Management of Technological Innovation 4th Edition by Melissa A. Schilling
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13 Chapters
642 Verified Questions
642 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) As a result of the rapid pace of innovation:
A) product life cycles have become short.
B) product development cycles have become long.
C) market segmentation has reduced.
D) product obsolescence has slowed down.
Answer: A
Q2) Investing in process innovation helps firms lower their costs.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Technological innovations decrease:
A) the variety of goods consumers can purchase.
B) the need for differentiation among competitors.
C) the time required to design and produce new products.
D) the use of common components between different models of the same product.
Answer: C
Q4) GDP does not relate directly to the amount of goods consumers can purchase. A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Sources of Innovation
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Sample Questions
Q1) An organization's overall creativity level is a simple aggregate of the creativity of the individuals it employs.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Knowledge that is explicit requires more frequent and close interaction to be meaningfully exchanged than knowledge that is tacit.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Tacit knowledge is knowledge that can be documented in written form. A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Innovation often originates with those who create solutions for their own needs. A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Types and Patterns of Innovation
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51 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) S-curves in technology diffusion are obtained by plotting the:
A) capacity of a technology against time.
B) cumulative number of adopters of a technology against time.
C) performance speed of a technology against effort.
D) performance power of a technology against effort.
Answer: B
Q2) Ron is highly skeptical about new ideas and products.He has not yet bought a satellite dish for his home because he is still unsure that it really works.Ron is also very worried about the expense of purchasing the satellite dish.According to this description,Ron:
A) is an innovator.
B) belongs to the early majority.
C) is a laggard.
D) is an early adopter.
Answer: C
Q3) Product innovations are more visible than process innovations.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Standards Battles and Design Dominance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why is the installed base of users of a technology that requires complementary goods so important to a company's future success?
Q2) When are winner-take-all markets good for consumers?
A) When monopoly costs exceed the value of network externality returns.
B) When monopoly costs exceed the value of technological utility.
C) When the monopoly cost curve is extremely steep.
D) When the value of technology utility and network externality returns exceeds monopoly costs.
Q3) Products that have a large installed base are likely to attract more developers of complementary goods.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Pizza Stop has been expanding globally,due to which the cumulative output of employees has been increasing.In the context of learning effect,Pizza Stop will typically experience a(n):
A) decrease in input costs.
B) increase in waste rates.
C) increase in direct labor hours required to produce a unit of pizza.
D) decrease in the performance levels of the employees.
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Chapter 5: Timing of Entry
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the video game console industry,Magnitude was the first firm to introduce a console in the market.However,consumers were uncertain about the product,and its high costs discouraged consumers from purchasing it.Eventually,Magnitude withdrew the product from the market.A few years later,Mantel and Adventura came up with their respective gaming consoles and successfully established their products.Mantel and Adventura will be considered as:
A) pioneers.
B) early followers.
C) laggards.
D) late movers.
Q2) When Fun Bun,an international fast food chain,first moved into China,it had to teach farmers how to grow a particular variety of potatoes and bakers had to be taught to make hamburger buns.This is an example of:
A) corporate social responsibility.
B) an undeveloped supply channel.
C) incumbent inertia.
D) monopoly rents.
Q3) Explain why sometimes the follower and not the first mover of a new technology is more successful in the marketplace.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Defining the Organizations Strategic Direction
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Sample Questions
Q1) The combination and harmonization of multiple abilities make core competencies difficult to imitate.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Socially complex resources refer to:
A) resources or activities that emerge through the interaction of multiple individuals.
B) resources that cannot be defined in terms of a numerical value.
C) resources that require public sanction in order to be utilized for profit-making purposes.
D) resources that are shared by different parties thereby necessitating the need for legal intervention.
Q3) How can core competencies be leveraged more effectively?
A) By encouraging exchange of resources across strategic business unit boundaries
B) By binding managers too closely to their respective business units
C) By utilizing the same resources for all types of projects
D) By viewing individuals as being employed by a particular strategic business unit
Q4) What are core competencies?
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Chapter 7: Choosing Innovation Projects
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ratio of R&D expenditures to sales is known as R&D concentration.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Calculating the internal rate of return of a project typically must be done by trial and error.
A)True
B)False
Q3) According to the net present value (NPV) method of evaluation of projects,if there are cash outflows for multiple periods,then:
A) the NPV of the project will definitely be negative.
B) the NPV of the project will definitely be positive.
C) the discount rate will need to be altered.
D) those cash outflows will have to be discounted back to the current period.
Q4) Breakthrough projects involve development of products that incorporate revolutionary new technologies in a commercialized application.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is the internal rate of return of a project? How is it calculated? What are the drawbacks of using this method?
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Chapter 8: Collaboration Strategies
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Sample Questions
Q1) Solo internal development is,on average,a relatively fast way of developing a technology.
A)True
B)False
Q2) _____ offers a fast way for a firm to extend the reach of its technology that is nearly free and offers the potential for royalties.
A) Licensing out a technology
B) Forming a joint venture
C) Solo internal development
D) Vertical integration
Q3) Which of the following is true of a collective research organization?
A) It does not help firms to leverage their competencies.
B) It is a short-term commitment.
C) It is a great way to gain immediate returns.
D) It allows a firm to share the cost and risk of basic research.
Q4) A firm's effectiveness at managing its collaborations will increase with the number of collaborations to which it is committed.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Protecting Innovation
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the United States there are no laws to protect trade secrets.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Wholly open systems can be quickly commoditized and provide little appropriability of rents to their developers.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Singing Cards has decided to make the technology behind the making of musical cards open.Which of the following is likely to be one of the advantages associated with this decision?
A) The technology will accrue more rapid adoptions.
B) The company will be able to monopolize the market.
C) The production of complementary goods will slow down and eventually cease.
D) The technology's installed base will accumulate much more slowly.
Q4) The difference between copyrights and trademark protection is that:
A) trademark is an indicator used to distinguish the source of a good.
B) trademarks are a form of protection granted to works of authorship.
C) copyrights are established by legitimate use of the work.
D) copyrights can last as long as the copyright is in use.
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Chapter 10: Organizing for Innovation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true of standardization?
A) It can ensure that activities within the firm run smoothly and yield predictable outcomes.
B) It is defined as the degree to which the firm utilizes rules, procedures, and written documentation to structure the behavior of employees.
C) It involves the use of organic structures, instead of mechanistic ones.
D) It encourages the creativity and experimentation that leads to innovative ideas.
Q2) Explain why a mechanistic organizational structure stifles creativity.
Q3) Managers choose a local-for-local approach to innovation when they have a strong desire to control the evolution of a technology.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In a locally leveraged strategy to innovation,the R&D divisions _____.
A) are completely centralized
B) each play a different role in the company's overall R&D strategy
C) work on the full scope of development activities relevant to their business unit
D) do not share creative resources and innovative developments
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Chapter 11: Managing the New Product Development Process
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true of design for manufacturing (DFM) methods?
A) Considering manufacturing at an early stage of the design process can lengthen development cycle time.
B) It fails to structure the new product development process.
C) It is a method of facilitating integration between engineering and manufacturing.
D) It is a method by which firms identify potential failures in a system, and classify them according to their severity.
Q2) Alpha Cleaning Equipment Co.has started the actual design and development of a new floor buffing machine.It also has the details of manufacturing,marketing,and operations of the new product.According to the stage-gate process,what is the next stage of the project?
A) Launch the product by producing it commercially and selling it.
B) Verify and validate the new product, its marketing, and production.
C) Form a focus group to make sure the product meets user expectations.
D) Build a business case to justify the project.
Q3) The house of quality uses a scale of one to ten to evaluate competing products.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Managing New Product Development Teams
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dr.Abby was the chairman of the Freshman Program Committee at Blue Mountain University.This committee was designing a new curriculum for freshmen.Explain how Dr.Abby might perform all three boundary-spanning activities.
Q2) Homogeneous teams should possess more information,on average,than heterogeneous groups.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Proximity and frequent interaction help teams to develop shared norms and a dialect for communicating about a project.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The contract book is an important mechanism for establishing team commitment to the project and a sense of ownership over the project.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Functional teams typically have a project manager or dedicated liaison personnel.
A)True
B)False
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Crafting a Deployment Strategy
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Sample Questions
Q1) BioSense Prosthetics was a leader in the prosthetic arm market and profits from it were very high.The firm developed a new computerized prosthetic arm that would render its previous prosthetics obsolete.It decided to withhold the new computerized prosthetic arm from the market.This will allow the firm to:
A) minimize its return on investment in developing each generation of the product.
B) make its products backward compatible.
C) avoid cannibalization of the sales of its current prosthetics.
D) build a larger installed base for the new computerized prosthetic.
Q2) Blue Water Publication is planning to sell its books solely through its Web site BlueWaterbooks.com.By doing so,it ceases to require wholesalers and retailers.This is an example of:
A) disintermediation.
B) backward compatibility.
C) value added reselling.
D) bundling arrangement.
Q3) Firms should always be racing to launch their products as early as possible.
A)True
B)False
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