Sustainable Business Practices
Final Exam
Course Introduction
Sustainable Business Practices explores the integration of environmental, social, and economic principles into modern business strategies. The course examines how companies can operate responsibly to minimize negative impacts on the planet and society while maintaining profitability. Key topics include corporate social responsibility (CSR), ethical sourcing, sustainable supply chain management, stakeholder engagement, and the implementation of sustainable innovation. Students will analyze real-world case studies, learn to assess the sustainability performance of organizations, and develop practical skills for making businesses more resilient and aligned with global sustainability goals.
Recommended Textbook
Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility Sustainable Value Creation 4th Edition by David Chandler
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15 Chapters
611 Verified Questions
611 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: What Is CSR?
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Sample Questions
Q1) By adopting a rational argument for corporate social responsibility,firms seek to
A)do the right thing from an ethical perspective.
B)to interpret evolving societal values and stakeholder expectations.
C)make larger societal contributions than simply creating profit.
D)go above and beyond the basic ethical and moral expectations of a society.
Answer: B
Q2) The Malden Mills textile plant is an important case study in CSR because
A)it moved its operations to Asia to save production costs,but eliminated local jobs.
B)it moved its operations to Asia while also maintaining local jobs.
C)it remained open,continuing to pay its employees,after a fire destroyed the factory.
D)it closed after a fire destroyed the factory.
Answer: C
Q3) Since the early 19th century,managers have consistently paid attention to the interests of all stakeholders.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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3
Chapter 2: The Driving Forces of CSR
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the three phases of stakeholder access to information?
A)Industrialization,international trade,globalization
B)Industrialization,domestic production,international trade
C)International trade,use of internet technology,globalization
D)Growth,globalization,job creation
Answer: A
Q2) According to the textbook,which driving force of corporate social responsibility is most important?
A)Affluence,because without money and care about social issues,CSR initiatives are moot
B)Communication,because companies must successfully communicate with their stakeholders to remain profitable
C)Sustainability,because addressing environmental issues is critical to the continuing success of businesses
D)The forces are all equally important and work together.
Answer: D
Q3) Why are brands more important today than they were in the past?
Answer: Answers will vary but should highlight issues of globalization and communication technologies.
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Corporate Rights and Responsibilities
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the difference between traditional approaches to corporate social responsibility,which focus on objective outcomes,and strategic CSR,which focuses on value creation.
Answer: Answers will vary,but the best answers will highlight that strategic CSR focuses on CSR as a fluid process by which value is created for multiple stakeholders.
Q2) What did the Citizens United case decide?
A)Corporations enjoy the same First Amendment rights to free speech as individuals.
B)The Bill of Rights applies to corporations.
C)Corporations may vote.
D)Corporations have a duty to protect their employees from discrimination.
Answer: A
Q3) The US Supreme Court has made several landmark rulings on "corporate personhood." Some argue that the Court's decisions have used inconsistent logic.Describe why the Court's logic has or has not been inconsistent.
Answer: Answers will vary but should touch on each of the major decisions in this area,including Citizens United.
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Chapter 4: Stakeholder Theory
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Sample Questions
Q1) Simon Zadek identifies five stages of learning that organizations go through in developing a sense of corporate responsibility and four stages of intensity to measure the societal issues and public's expectations around the issues.Describe Zadek's model and use the model to analyze a real-life firm facing a corporate responsibility issue,clearly identiftying the firm's location and the issue's location on each axis of the model.
Q2) Prioritizing stakeholders is easy because it is obvious which stakeholders are most important to a firm.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Issue evolution refers to the extent to which an issue has become
A)a societal expectation.
B)a controversial business practice.
C)an accepted business practice.
D)a stakeholder expectation.
Q4) Which of the following is NOT an example of societal stakeholders?
A)Employees
B)The media
C)Government agencies and regulators
D)Local communities
6
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Chapter 5: Corporate Stakeholder Responsibility
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Sample Questions
Q1) The United Nations' Principles of Responsible Management Education (PRME)are important because
A)they set a standard baseline for the teaching of ethical decision making in all business schools.
B)a growing awareness and acceptance of CSR is a necessary component of meaningful change.
C)business educators can best determine morally acceptable business practices.
D)business education will shape the future of what is considered socially responsible corporate behavior.
Q2) Which publication published Milton Friedman's article "The Responsibility of Business to Increase Its Profits?"
A)The Wall Street Journal
B)The New York Times Magazine
C)The Economist
D)Forbes
Q3) Arguments can be made that firms are primariliy responsible for CSR practices,and other arguments can be made that stakeholders are primarily responsible for CSR.Describe the two sides to this debate and analyze which argument you support more.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Who Owns the Corporation?
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of a program that would be a good fit for social impact bonds (SIBs)?
A)Promoting high school graduation
B)Supporting healthful lifestyle choices
C)Reducing prisoner recidivism
D)All of the above are examples.
Q2) How has the definition of what it means to be a shareholder changed over the history of the corporation?
Q3) A limited liability company is,in the eyes of the law,a person.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Values-based investing,which in its broadest definition includes making investments along religious faiths and beliefs,has existed since which century?
A)1500s
B)1600s
C)1700s
D)1800s
Q5) Would you invest in social impact bonds (SIBs)? Why or why not?
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Chapter 7: The Pursuit of Profit
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ is working to deliver products that are both in demand and essential to societal progress and human well-being.
A)Cadbury
B)Coca-Cola
C)Philip Morris
D)Unilever
Q2) According to the textbook,stakeholders do not have it in their collective power to shape which firms they want to populate the economy.
A)True
B)False
Q3) ________ is a more valuable focus than ________ in understanding value creation for stakeholders.
A)Profit maximization,profit optimization
B)Profit optimization,profit maximization
C)Profit optimization,profit sharing
D)Profit sharing,profit maximization
Q4) The $5 T-shirt is readily available today,and its existence has profound implications for the type of society in which we live.Describe and analyze these implications.
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Chapter 8: Incentives and Compliance
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Sample Questions
Q1) After the devastation of Hurricane Katrina in 2005,________ was/were the first source of relief for residents.
A)the federal government
B)Walmart
C)the state government
D)churches and charitable organizations
Q2) Understanding what Walmart does and why it does it is integral to understanding the role of corporate social responsibility in business today because
A)Walmart is an essential part of the global economy.
B)Walmart has a long history of very negative CSR practices.
C)Walmart has a long history of very positive CSR practices.
D)Walmart is a leader in sustainability efforts.
Q3) Researchers found that placing fresh milk at the front of the counter and chocolate milk toward the back
A)had no impact on schoolchildren's selection of milk.
B)had an impact on schoolchildren's selection of milk.
C)had a negative impact on schoolchildren's attitudes about nutritious foods.
D)had an impact on schoolchildren's selection of milk as well as fresh vegetables.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Accountability
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ is the term for the societal costs associated with air pollution from diesel trucks that transport products from factories to stores.
A)Externalities
B)Internalities
C)Sustainability costs
D)Lifecycle costs
Q2) Why is it important to think of firm performance with respect to corporate social responsibliity on a continuum rather than a dichotomy?
Q3) The financial crisis of 2008 was inherently a development arising from
A)US financial markets and regulators.
B)a relatively few large Wall Street banks.
C)the complex and interconnected global economy.
D)US government regulators,who did not properly oversee financial institutions to the extent allowed by the laws that were in place at the time.
Q4) Corporate social responsibliity reporting suffers from the potential for greenwash.
A)True
B)False
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11
Chapter 10: Strategy + CSR
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Sample Questions
Q1) Walmart's core competency is efficient distribution.
A)True
B)False
Q2) IKEA's ________ statement is "To create a better everyday life for the many people."
A)mission
B)vision
C)strategy
D)tactics
Q3) The textbook states that companies can pursue an effective corporate social responsibility policy of either offense or defense.What does this mean? In your answer,provide detailed examples of both approaches.
Q4) The urgency with which corporate social responsibility policies are implemented depends on the perceived CSR threshold and the priority the issue holds for the firm's leaders.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Define SWOT analysis and provide an example of how such an analysis could be applied to a specific business.
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Chapter 11: CSR as a Strategic Filter
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a firm's resources and competencies interact and reinforce each other,supporting the firm's strategy,a ________ is created.
A)business-level strategy
B)capability
C)core resource
D)virtuous cycle
Q2) As the CEO of company that owns a small chain of 16 restaurants,you regularly review your company's vision,mission,and strategy with the restaurant managers and central office managers and staff.As part of these reviews,you discuss the impact of the firm's activities on its various constituents.Which of the following are you using?
A)A competency-based approach
B)A CSR filter
C)A resources approach
D)Industry-recognized best practices
Q3) What advantages does a CSR filter provide? If you were the CEO of a firm,how would you go about applying a CSR filter-what form might it take? Describe a company that is successfully utilizing a CSR filter today.
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13
Chapter 12: Strategic CSR
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Sample Questions
Q1) What can societal stakeholders expect from firms in terms of supply chain management?
Q2) According to the textbook,corporate social responsibility concerns the economic,legal,ethical,and ________ issues that stakeholders view as directly related to the firm's plans and actions.
A)environmental
B)governance
C)social
D)discretionary
Q3) Which of the following is NOT one of the components of the working definition of strategic CSR?
A)Understanding and responding to needs of stakeholders
B)Responsibly addressing environmental sustainability
C)Incorporating a CSR perspective within the firm's culture and strategic planning processes
D)Any actions taken are directly related to core operations.
Q4) Describe the perspectives of Bill Gates and Muhammad Yunus on the future of capitalism.Do you agree with these perspectives? Explain your reasoning.
Q5) Should Starbucks form partnerships with farmers in Guatemala? Why or why not?
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Chapter 13: Sustainability
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Sample Questions
Q1) Marks & Spencer,the UK retailer,describes its sustainability program as Plan A because
A)any environmental action plan must be affordable.
B)A stands for action.
C)there is no plan B.
D)all of the above reasons.
Q2) From a company's perspective,________ is made up of clean air,reliable availability of freshwater,and productive topsoil.
A)natural capital
B)environmental accounting
C)environmental profit and loss
D)renewable capital
Q3) In the United States alone,it is estimated that _______ tons of e-waste are discarded annually.
A)1.5 million
B)2.4 million
C)5 million
D)more than 10 million
Q4) Describe the problems associated with e-waste and provide an analysis of possible solutions.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Implementing CSR
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Sample Questions
Q1) To be successful,a CSR officer should have which of the following characteristics associated with her or his position?
A)Visibility
B)Direct access to the CEO
C)Power to audit the firm's CSR activities
D)The CSR officer should have all of these.
Q2) Which of the following is a significant indicator of the extent of integration of corporate social responsibility into corporate culture?
A)Whether the firm has appointed a CSR officer
B)Whether rewards and penalties are aligned with CSR objectives
C)The quality of the firm's CSR position statement
D)The CSR efforts of competitors
Q3) Because of Nike's initial failure to anticipate the backlash against its outsourcing business model,some stakeholders will always associate this company with A)accounting fraud.
B)air pollution.
C)sweatshops.
D)water pollution.
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16
Chapter 15: Sustainable Value Creation
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Sample Questions
Q1) The MBA Oath was written in ________ by a group of Harvard Business School students who wanted to develop a professional vow similar to the Hippocratic Oath taken by medical professionals.
A)1909
B)1939
C)1979
D)2009
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a principle on which conscious capitalism is based?
A)Higher purpose
B)Stakeholder independence
C)Conscious leadership
D)Conscious culture
Q3) One approach a firm may take is to pay employees as little as possible if unemployment is high enough that if one employee leaves,another can be hired.Another approach is to pay employees a living wage because it raises morale and productivity while decreasing turnover and the hiring costs associated with replacing workers.Which position do you take on this issue? Support your answer with specific examples.
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