Sustainability Studies Review
Questions
Course Introduction
Sustainability Studies explores the complex interactions between environmental, social, and economic systems to understand how to meet present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. The course examines key concepts such as resource management, sustainable development, renewable energy, environmental policy, and ethical considerations in global and local contexts. Students will analyze case studies, learn about the roles of individuals, communities, and governments in promoting sustainability, and develop practical strategies for addressing issues like climate change, biodiversity loss, and social equity. This interdisciplinary course prepares students to critically assess sustainability challenges and contribute effectively to sustainable solutions in diverse professional and societal settings.
Recommended Textbook
Visualizing Physical Geography 2nd Edition by Timothy Foresman
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17 Chapters
1832 Verified Questions
1832 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Discovering the Earths Dimensions
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104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The prime meridian passes through
A)Berlin, Germany
B)Washington, D.C.
C)Rome, Italy
D)Greenwich, England
Answer: D
Q2) The network of parallels and meridians used to describe locations on the earth's surface is called the:
A)global projection
B)geoid
C)geographic grid
D)oblate spheroid
Answer: C
Q3) Which of the following provide evidence of the earth's shape?
A)illumination patterns of clouds during sunset
B)disappearances of ships below the ocean horizon
C)photos from space
D)all of the above
Answer: D
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Earths Global Energy Balance
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129 Verified Questions
129 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The key factor that causes variation in insolation during the course of a day is the __________ of the Sun's rays
Answer: Angle
Q2) Which of the following is not a type of electromagnetic radiation?
A)heat
B)microwaves
C)light
D)ocean waves
Answer: D
Q3) Taken together, nitrogen and oxygen account for about 99% of the gases in our atmosphere.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Explain how and why the greenhouse effect occurs.
Answer: The greenhouse effect results from counter-radiation. Longwave radiation emitted from the earth's surface is absorbed by greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and water vapor. Some of this energy is then counter-radiated back to the Earth's surface where it is reabsorbed raising the surface temperature.
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Chapter 3: Air Temperature
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157 Verified Questions
157 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ozone layer is found in the troposphere.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Lines that connect points of equal temperature on a map are called:
A)isobars
B)isotherms
C)isohyets
D)contours
Answer: B
Q3) Widely spaced isotherms on a map indicate a:
A)large temperature gradient
B)small temperature gradient
C)high pressure zone
D)low pressure zone
Answer: B
Q4) Water surfaces tend to lose more energy though evaporation than land surfaces.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Atmospheric Moisture and Precipitation
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132 Verified Questions
132 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which cloud type is normally associated with hail, tornadoes, and microbursts?
A)cumulonimbus
B)cumulus
C)stratus
D)nimbostratus
Q2) Prepare a debate script for coal industry executives and for EPA justifying the construction of a new coal fired power plant. How will the environment be safe guarded from acid deposition (acid rain).
Q3) ________ develops at night when the temperature of the air layer at the ground level falls below the dew point.
A)frozen dew
B)advection fog
C)radiation fog
D)sea fog
Q4) Crop destruction of up to several hundred million dollars can occur by ___________________, which can reach diameters of 3 to 5 cm or greater.
Q5) A ____________________ is an example of a stratiform cloud that blankets the entire sky at elevations above 6 km.
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Chapter 5: Global Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation
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138 Verified Questions
138 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The subtropical jet stream follows the edges of Rossby waves at the boundary between subtropical and polar air.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In the northern hemisphere, cyclonic winds spiral inwards in a clockwise direction.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Geostrophic winds in the upper atmosphere flow _______ to isobars.
Q4) During an El Niño event, upwelling along the Peruvian coast is strengthened and cool water is carried far westward in an equatorial plume.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The Coriolis effect is caused by:
A)pressure gradients
B)the gravitational attraction of the moon and sun
C)differential heating
D)the Earth's rotation
Q6) The Coriolis effect deflects winds to the ______ in the northern hemisphere.
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Chapter 6: Weather Systems
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130 Verified Questions
130 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cyclonic storms tend to include
A)strong winds
B)precipitation
C)cloudiness
D)all of the above
Q2) In the open stage of a wave cyclone there is:
A)no precipitation
B)weak precipitation along both fronts
C)strong precipitation along the cold front
D)strong precipitation along both fronts
Q3) A front that involves lifting a warm air mass completely off the ground is a(n)________ front.
Q4) An air mass is an extensive body of air in which temperature and moisture characteristics are fairly uniform over a large area.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe and compare cold and warm fronts.
Q6) Describe tropical cyclones.
Q7) The distinguishing characteristic of continental air masses is that they are relatively
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Chapter 7: Global Climates and Climate Change
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148 Verified Questions
148 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Climographs show at least two variables of climate such as monthly average temperature and precipitation for a location.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The annual cycle of prevailing weather conditions at a given place based on long-term conditions is known as:
A)weather
B)global warming
C)a trend
D)climate
Q3) The precipitation pattern of the dry tropical climate is:
A)wet year round
B)dry year round
C)summer wet
D)winter wet
Q4) The moist continental precipitation regime is characterized by:
A)a dry summer
B)a dry winter
C)dry conditions all year round
D)moist conditions all year round
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Chapter 8: Earth From the Inside Out
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79 Verified Questions
79 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) To be considered a mineral, a naturally occurring inorganic solid must have a specific chemical composition and a characteristic ______ structure.
Q2) Regions of low-lying igneous and metamorphic rocks resistant to weathering and form the basis for continent building since ancient times are known as:
A)Alpine chains
B)Continental shields
C)Oceanic trenches
D)Volcanoes
Q3) What are the four requirements necessary to classify a solid material as a mineral?
Q4) The oceanic crust is __________ and __________ than continental crust.
A)thicker; denser
B)thinner; denser
C)thicker; less dense
D)thinner; less dense
Q5) Any one of the three types of rocks can be changed into any other class.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What's the difference between a rock and a mineral?
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Chapter 9: Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanoes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Faults are that are not apparent on the earth's surface and are generally not known until earthquakes occur along them are known as _____________________.
Q2) The population density of San Francisco is extremely dense, making it a high seismic risk compared to other areas of the United States. Population does not make a high seismic risk; it makes a high environmental risk for humans.
A)True
B)False
Q3) How can subduction of a lithospheric plate create volcanoes?
Q4) Describe the areas of the United States where earthquakes and earthquake hazards have a greater probability of occurring.
Q5) An elongated region of the crust that has been deformed by continental collision is known as a(n):
A)anticline
B)strike
C)graben
D)axis
E)orogen This term is not in the chapter
Q6) What causes a volcano formed by a hot spot to stop forming?
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Chapter 10: Weathering and Mass Wasting
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56 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is most critical to weathering processes?
A)salt
B)oxygen
C)water
D)nitrogen
E)lava
Q2) Niche formations in large sandstone outcrops were utilized by many Native American cultures as shelter and formed as a result of waterfall activity.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When mudflows pick up rocks and boulders, they are called:
A)slide
B)debris flow
C)creep
D)scarification
Q4) Dissolution is a good example of mechanical weathering.
A)True
B)False
Q5) __________typically occur in parallel and intersecting planes.
Q6) Discuss the difference between earthflow and creep.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Fresh Water of the Continents
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67 Verified Questions
67 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Caves and caverns actually become smaller in size over time.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The __________ is below the water table in which all the pore spaces are filled with water.
Q3) The ridge and valley system of Appalachia which has parallel hills and valleys would have which type of drainage pattern?
A)dendritic
B)trellis
C)annular
D)radial
Q4) A layer of rock or sediment that contains abundant freely flowing ground water is known as a(n)_____________.
Q5) Transpiration is the process in which plants take in water and pass it directly into the atmosphere.
A)True
B)False
Q6) __________ refers to the amount of void space in a rock.
Q7) What is a cone of depression?
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Chapter 12: Land-Forms Made by Running Water
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Sample Questions
Q1) The steepness of a stream channel can also be called the __________.
A)discharge
B)load
C)percolation
D)deposition
E)gradient
Q2) __________ are low lying areas in desert basin and range regions which consists of mainly salt and sediments.
Q3) A stream's capacity may decrease as a result of which of the following factors?
A)decreasing the amount of solid debris without increasing stream discharge
B)decreasing the slope of the stream bed
C)increasing the discharge of the stream
D)increasing both the amount of debris and the stream discharge
Q4) Alluvial terraces are __________ that form along the edges of the stream valley bottom and above the modern stream bank:
A)depressions
B)flat surfaces
C)mountains
D)gravel bars
Q5) Any recent sediment deposit transported by water is known as __________.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Landforms Made by Wind and Waves
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65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The word "littoral" pertains to a coast or shore.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Transverse, parabolic, and barchan are all examples of sand dunes.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The most stable, almost permanent, sand dunes are called:
A)mountain dunes
B)vegetation dunes
C)crescent dunes
D)parabolic dunes
E)star dunes
Q4) Tidal changes have no effect on coastal features.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Barrier islands are stable landforms that are perfect for commercial and residential development
A)True
B)False
Q6) Wind generated landforms are known as ________________ landforms.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Glacial and Periglacial Landforms
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105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____________________ is a hill or mound of water-laid sediment found on the outwash plain.
Q2) The most recent glaciation in North America is called the:
A)Kansan
B)Wisconsinan
C)Illinoisan
D)Nebraskan
Q3) The astronomical hypothesis attempts to explain:
A)why the Ice Age occurred
B)the distribution of glacial and interglacial events
C)why glaciers are currently retreating
D)why glaciers are currently advancing
Q4) Lakes that form in glaciated valleys are called trough lakes.
A)True
B)False
Q5) All till is drift, but not all drift is till.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Water is commonly found in pore spaces in the ground, and in its frozen state it is known as __________________________.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Global Soils
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137 Verified Questions
137 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Name and define the four classes of soil-forming processes. Give an example of each.
Q2) _____________ are grassland soils that occupy vast areas of semiarid and subhumid climates in midlatitudes.
Q3) The descriptive property of the mineral portion of soil based on varying proportions of sand, silt, and clay is the soil:
A)structure
B)texture
C)chemistry
D)profile
Q4) The soil layer rich in both mineral and organic matter is the:
A)A
B)B
C)C
D)O
Q5) A soil with a pH of 7 is considered neutral.
A)True
B)False
Q6) A pH of 8 tend to be ____________ in terms of alkalinity.
Q7) Explain how soil texture is determined and named.
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Chapter 16: Biogeographic Processes
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105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The condition of the disappearance of a gene pool from Earth is called:
A)extinction
B)diffusion
C)extirpation
D)dispersal
Q2) Ecological succession involves changes in vegetation, but the animals change very little.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The total amount of new carbohydrate placed in storage is:
A)gross photosynthesis
B)respiration
C)chloroplasts
D)net photosynthesis
Q4) The first stage of succession is the _____________stage.
Q5) What is biodiversity? Cite three ways that biodiversity is important.
Q6) _________ is a close, coexisting interaction between species that is beneficial to at least one of the species and usually does not harm the other.
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Chapter 17: Global Biogeography
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142 Verified Questions
142 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The "other" northern hemisphere region of sclerophyll forest is in:
A)California
B)Brazil
C)Cameroon
D)Saudi Arabia
Q2) Grasslands are BEST associated with:
A)the Great Plains
B)Turkey and Syria
C)Uruguay and northeastern Argentina
D)ALL of these
Q3) Caribou, lemming, and snowshoe hare are associated with both mid-latitude deciduous forests and needleleaf forest.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The needleleaf forest has widely diverse tree species.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The area of most deserts is covered by forbs and herbs.
A)True
B)False
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