Survey Research Methods
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Course Introduction
Survey Research Methods introduces students to the design, implementation, and analysis of survey-based research. The course covers foundational principles such as questionnaire construction, sampling techniques, data collection methods, and strategies to optimize response rates. Students explore issues surrounding measurement error, validity, and reliability, while also considering ethical practices in human-subject research. Practical skills are developed through hands-on exercises, including designing and piloting survey instruments, analyzing survey data, and interpreting results. By the end of the course, students gain the tools necessary to critically evaluate and effectively conduct survey research across a variety of academic and professional contexts.
Recommended Textbook
The Practice of Social Research 14th Edition by Earl R. Babbie
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Chapter 1: Human Inquiry and Science
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Sample Questions
Q1) Racial and prejudicial perspectives that are based upon examples an individual sees,while ignoring those contradictory to their belief is a form of:
A)misuse of authority
B)overgeneralization
C)illogical reasoning
D)selective observation
E)inaccurate observation
Answer: D
Q2) If a researcher was studying employment,occupation would be the ______________ and plumber,teacher,or police officer would be
A) independent variable, dependent variable.
B) dependent variable, independent variable.
C) variable, attributes.
D) attributes, variable.
E) qualitative, quantitative.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Paradigms,theory,and Social Research
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Q1) Professor Washington is conducting research on rates of recidivism after release from prison.He has defined one type of offender as "career criminals",who have committed at least two crimes a year for the past ten years for the purposes of his research.He has _____________ this concept?
A) operationalized.
B) described.
C) theorized.
D) defined.
E) interacted upon.
Answer: A
Q2) Studying society as a system of interconnected components,such as examining the relationship between police,the courts,and the correctional system in criminal justice,is taking which kind of approach?
A)ethnomethodology
B)critical race theory
C)symbolic interactionism
D)structural functionalism
E)early positivism
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: The Ethics and Politics of Social Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ethics in social research
A)is defined as general agreements shared by researchers as to what is proper and improper in the conduct of scientific inquiry.
B)may stem from religious, political, and pragmatic sources among others.
C)may vary from one social research community to another.
D)may vary from one point in time to another.
E)all of these choices are correct.
Answer: E
Q2) The ethical issue of voluntary participation is most closely related to which one of the following?
A)analysis and reporting
B)deception
C)anonymity
D)informed consent
E)IRB boards
Answer: D
Q3) The ethical issues are readily apparent in research projects.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Research Design
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following research studies would be considered a cohort study?
A)interviewing the same employees of a bank every month for two years
B)conducting a one-time survey in a college lecture hall
C)surveying teenagers now, then 20 year olds in a decade, then 30 year olds a decade after that
D)interviewing police officers now regarding their educational background, and then interviewing police officers again in 2 years
E)examining a selection of textbooks to analyze how conflict theory is presented
Q2) Descriptive research answers the question "What's so?" and explanatory research answers the question "Why?"
A)True
B)False
Q3) Several sports coaches are interested in studying the effect of a new training regimen on the performance of their respective teams.The unit of analysis is the sports teams.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the difference between a necessary and a sufficient cause? Give an example of each.
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Chapter 5: Conceptualization, operationalization, and Measurement
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Q1) When you are worried about whether you are actually measuring what you think you are measuring,you are worried about __________.
A)internal validity
B)external validity
C)reliability
D)theory
E)content reliability
Q2) Mr.Isle noticed that several women whom he considers to be very feminine often wear dresses or skirts.He therefore decides that he will determine a woman's degree of femininity by finding out how many times she wears a skirt or a dress during the next month.The women who wear dresses or skirts most frequently will be considered the most feminine; those who rarely wear either will be considered the least feminine.Is Mr.Isle's method of measuring femininity reliable? Why or why not? Is his method of measuring femininity valid? Why or why not? What is the tension that often exists between the criteria of reliability and validity?
Q3) Real definitions appear quite frequently in social science research
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Indexes, scales, and Typologies
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Sample Questions
Q1) Othello wanted to develop a scale to measure love that involved having respondents choose between two opposite positions,using qualifiers to bridge the distance between the two opposites.It would be best to use the
A)Thurstone scale.
B)Likert scale.
C)Bogardus social distance scale.
D)semantic differential.
E)Guttman scale
Q2) Indicators should be related to one another if they are essentially "effects" of a variable.
A)True
B)False
Q3) If several indicators are measures of the same variable,then they should be empirically correlated with one another.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Unidimensionality is when all the items in an index represent only one thing
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: The Logic of Sampling
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Sample Questions
Q1) We typically sample with replacement.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is the basic process in probability proportionate to size sampling?
A)give clusters all the same chance of being picked but pick a different number of elements per cluster
B)give bigger clusters a greater chance of being picked but then take the same number of elements per cluster
C)give bigger clusters a greater chance of being picked and then take proportionately fewer elements in the bigger clusters
D)give all clusters an equal chance of being picked and then take the same number of elements per cluster
Q3) Multistage sampling designs tend to have smaller sampling errors than single-stage sampling designs.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Periodicity is a danger involved in the use of stratified sampling.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Experiments
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Sample Questions
Q1) The problem of an interaction between the testing and the experimental stimulus is handled by
A)the Solomon four-group design.
B)the posttest-only control group design.
C)the classical experimental design.
D)the Solomon four-group design, the posttest-only control group design, and the classical experimental design.
E)the Solomon four-group design and the posttest-only control group design.
Q2) Web-based experiments are good because experimental designs are not as strict about representative samples.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The problem of external validity refers to the generalizability of results. A)True
B)False
Q4) Matching is always necessary in order to perform strong experimental designs. A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain what is meant by internal and external validity.
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Chapter 9: Survey Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which one of the following is NOT a strength of survey research?
A)they are particularly useful in describing in detail the behaviors of a small population
B)they make large samples feasible
C)they are flexible
D)they enhance reliability by asking the same questions in the same way
E)they are fairly cost-effective
Q2) How many follow-ups to the original mailing is the most efficient in terms of response rate?
A)zero
B)one
C)two
D)three
E)four
Q3) During an interview survey,the interviewer should use every possible strategy to ensure the interviewee is not holding back any information
A)True
B)False
Q4) Give a comparative analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of survey research.
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Chapter 10: Qualitative Field Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ralph wants to study juries,and more specifically what forepersons do on juries.According to the Loflands,Ralph is most interested in studying A)practices.
B)episodes.
C)encounters.
D)roles.
E)settlements.
Q2) What are the best ways to establish rapport with the people that you are observing while conducting field research?
Q3) Satish is interested in understanding the dynamics within a racially diverse high school.He interviews a wide variety of students,as well as the staff and faculty to understand how race has an effect on their education.Satish is using what sort of research paradigm?.
A)participatory action research
B)ethnomethodology
C)ethnography
D)case study
E)institutional ethnography
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Chapter 11: Unobtrusive Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding negative case testing?
A)It can be used as a technique for qualitative hypothesis testing.
B)It begins with an examination of the data to find a general hypothesis.
C)It requires you to search your data to find all the cases that contradict your initial hypothesis.
D)It requires you to reexamine all the cases that led you to form the initial hypothesis.
E)All of these choices are TRUE.
Q2) Using existing statistics,Professor Ford finds that towns with low median incomes tend to have higher crime rates than towns with high median incomes.Ford concludes that poor people are more likely to commit crimes than people with high incomes.Ford is
A)Committing the ecological fallacy.
B)Using verstehen.
C)Doing content analysis.
D)Developing ideal types.
E)Doing replication.
Q3) Content analysis is essentially a coding operation.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Evaluation Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following would NOT be appropriate for measurement in evaluation research?
A)the dependent variable(s)
B)the experimental context
C)the outcome(s) of the experiment
D)the independent variable(s)
E)the sample size.
Q2) Evaluation research is also called
A)program evaluation.
B)applied research.
C)clinical sociological research.
D)cost-benefit analysis.
E)historical analysis
Q3) Intersocietal comparisons are facilitated by calculating per capita rates.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Computer simulations are based on mathematical equations describing the relationships that link variables.
A)True
B)False
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Qualitative Data Analysis
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Sample Questions
Q1) Fred was interested in examining conversations between lawyers and their clients to determine whether lawyers influenced their client's decision to plead guilty to a crime.As a methodologist,Fred seeks your help.Which of the following statements would be poor advice?
A)He must obtain excruciatingly accurate transcripts of the conversations.
B)The same utterance may have a totally different meaning in a different context.
C)There are established rules of behavior in conversations.
D)Conversations must be understood contextually.
E)He should ignore the "ers," "uhs," or bad grammar of the accused in the transcripts and focus on the meaning of the words.
Q2) Which of the following statements is TRUE about variable-oriented analysis?
A)It is similar to the idiographic model of explanation.
B)It assumes that the researcher can predict every individual's behavior.
C)It assumes that the researcher can explain one person's motivations in full.
D)It provides a partial overall explanation using a relatively few number of variables.
E)It allows a researcher to determine complete causality.
Q3) Describe how coding,memoing,and concept mapping are used in qualitative analysis.
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Chapter 14: Quantitative Data Analysis
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Sample Questions
Q1) Marcella is looking to give a meaningful measure of central tendency for her nationwide study of income levels,which is a skewed distribution.What should she use to most accurately summarize her findings?
A)mode
B)mean
C)median
D)standard deviation
E)range
Q2) A variable whose attributes are separate from another is known as a ____________,and an example is ____________.
A)continuous variable; age
B)continuous variable; income
C)discrete variable; political affiliation
D)discrete variable; age
E)continuous variable; political affiliation
Q3) The number of cases omitted from a bivariate analysis because of missing data should be included in the table.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: The Logic of Multivariate Analysis
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Sample Questions
Q1) Walter discovered a strong positive relationship between parental engagement with their children and subsequent college success.He controlled for the educational level of parents and found the same relationship in all three partial tables for parental education level.Which type of elaboration analysis did he perform?
A) explanation.
B) replication.
C) interpretation.
D) extension.
E) specification.
Q2) Forrester found a strong positive relationship between participation in high school extracurricular activities and community involvement as adults.He controlled for gender,and the relationship between high school extracurricular activities and community involvement appeared among the men but not at all among the women.Which type of elaboration analysis is this?
A)replication
B)explanation
C)interpretation
D)specification
E)extension
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Chapter 16: Statistical Analyses
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Sample Questions
Q1) A path diagram allows you to determine the effect of one variable upon another both directly and indirectly through an intervening variable.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Professor Henley calculated a squared multiple correlation coefficient.It was .36.This means that
A)36% of the variance in the final score was explained.
B)60% of the variance in the final score was explained.
C)6% of the variance in the final score was explained.
D)13% of the variance in the final score was explained.
E)Henley erred in the calculation.
Q3) The formulas for some measures of association can result in coefficients with either positive or negative signs.Under which of the following circumstances can those signs be meaningfully interpreted?
A)whenever the data are expressed as frequencies
B)when the data are measured at the nominal level
C)when the data are measured at the ordinal level
D)whenever the data have a modal category
E)whenever the data are expressed as percentages
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Chapter 17: Reading and Writing Social Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) As a rough guide,25 typed pages is good length for a journal article.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Why and how do researchers take their audience into account in writing a report?
Q3) In reporting the design and execution of a survey,which of the following does NOT need to be reported?
A)completion rate
B)sampling method
C)sample size
D)cost of administering survey
E)data-collection method
Q4) A good summary reviews every specific finding.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Websites are subject to the peer review process.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What steps can you take as a researcher to utilize the Internet safely and wisely?
Q7) What are search engines? Why and how do we use them in our research?
Page 19
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