Survey of World History Exam Solutions
Course Introduction
Survey of World History provides a broad overview of the major events, cultures, and transformations that have shaped human civilization from ancient times to the present. The course explores key themes such as the rise and fall of empires, the development of religions and philosophies, social and economic changes, technological advancements, and the interactions between different regions of the world. Through a comparative and chronological approach, students gain a deeper understanding of how historical processes have influenced the modern world and the interconnections between diverse societies across different continents.
Recommended Textbook
The World A History Volume 1 2nd Edition by Felipe Armesto
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15 Chapters
768 Verified Questions
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Out of the Ice: Peopling the Earth
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Sample Questions
Q1) Outside of Europe, cave paintings have also been found in A) China.
B) East Africa.
C) South America.
D) Australia.
Answer: D
Q2) Homo erectus lived approximately
A) 4.5 million years ago.
B) 2.5 million years ago.
C) 1.5 million years ago.
D) 30,000 years ago.
Answer: C
Q3) During the Ice Age, cave art was used
A) in very different ways in different places.
B) only for ritual purposes.
C) in very similar ways in different places.
D) only for hunting rituals and purposes.
Answer: C
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3
Chapter 2: Out of the Mud: Farming and Herding After the
Ice Age
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Q1) Archaeologist Brian Fagan said, "Even the simplest hunter-gatherer society knows full well that seeds germinate when planted." That statement suggests
A) that all societies will eventually develop agriculture.
B) that all societies can potentially develop agriculture.
C) that it is surprising that all human societies have not developed agriculture on their own.
D) that the relatively recent development of agriculture is especially odd.
Answer: B
Q2) The earliest permanent settlements arose about
A) 15,000 to 14,000 years ago.
B) 11,000 to 10,000 years ago.
C) 9,000 to 8,000 years ago.
D) 7,000 to 6,000 years ago.
Answer: A
Q3) What were the relationships between foragers, herders, and farmers, and how did they develop over time?
In Perspective
Answer: not answered
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Chapter 3: The Great River Valleys: Accelerating Change and Developing States
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Q1) In ancient Egyptian depictions of the weighing of the souls of the dead, the human soul is weighed against
A) a lump of gold.
B) a feather.
C) the soul of a good man.
D) a loaf of bread.
Answer: B
Q2) In the Indus Valley, cities
A) were large, but few in number.
B) were many in number and had similar layouts.
C) were many, but had very different layouts.
D) were few in number and were built on grid plans.
Answer: B
Q3) Which of the following were not used for oracles?
A) livers
B) stars
C) tea leaves
D) birds
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: A Succession of Civilizations: Ambition and Instability
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Q1) The Hittite Empire was
A) largely isolated from its neighbors.
B) treated as a state of equal power by Egypt.
C) agriculturally rich because of its mild climate.
D) very peaceful and seldom at war.
Q2) Why did the Hittite civilization in Anatolia collapse so completely while civilization in the Nile River Valley continued?
Q3) The attacks on Egypt in the early thirteenth century B.C.E. caused
A) the permanent collapse of Egyptian civilization.
B) a crisis that forced the reform of Egypt's religion.
C) a change in the aesthetic values of Egyptian art.
D) Egyptian civilization to retreat back into its traditional borders.
Q4) What role did external invasion and attack play in the collapse of civilizations in the Aegean World, Northern Anatolia, and Egypt? Why did Egyptian civilization survive these attacks, while the others were almost entirely wiped out?
Q5) What factors contributed to the end of the Shang dynasty?
Q6) What caused the weakening and collapase of major states in the Eastern Mediterranean at the end of the second millennium B.C.E.?
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Chapter 5: Rebuilding the World: Recoveries, New Initiatives, and
Their Limits
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Q1) How did new civilizations arise in Africa and the Americas from 1000 to 500 B.C.E.? What were their similarities and differences?
Q2) Phoenicia was located in A) the Americas.
B) Mesopotamia.
C) the Eastern Mediterranean.
D) Sub-Saharan Africa.
Q3) How does the revival of culture and society in the Ganges Valley and in Sri Lanka compare with the active spread of Greek culture through colonization? Discuss how it may be possible that some civilizations emerged spontaneously while others depended on active colonization.
Q4) One of the benefits of political instability in China was A) increased trade.
B) greater agricultural output.
C) new philosophies.
D) greater political centralization.
Q5) What are two possible reasons for the differences in development that may be seen in Eurasia as compared with Africa and the Americas? What is significant about these differences in development?
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Chapter 6: The Great Schools
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Q1) Important evidence that the early Jews were primarily a pastoral people may be seen in
A) the sacrifice of Cain and Abel.
B) the sacrifice of David and Saul.
C) the story of Noah.
D) the story of Adam.
Q2) Indian philosophers of the Nyaya School claimed that
A) reason existed in human beings naturally and not as a result of any divine force.
B) reason was an extraordinary perception that God conferred on people.
C) reason was based on the senses and, therefore, was always to be distrusted.
D) reason was an ability to comprehend the world in a manner that made God or gods unnecessary.
Q3) According to Plato, political power in a state should be in the hands of A) the people.
B) aristocrats.
C) kings.
D) philosophers.
Q4) Why did a variety of philosophies flourish in the Mediterranean world?
Q5) In what ways were Greek, Chinese, and Indian science similar during this period?
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Chapter 7: The Great Empires
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Q1) Which of the following was NOT one of the edicts that Asoka decreed?
A) that all must adhere to Buddhism
B) amnesty for criminals
C) laws that concerned the humane treatment of animals
D) condemnation of all rituals
Q2) What was the nature of the overland routes across Eurasia? What types of goods were traded over these routes? What effects did these routes have on state development?
Q3) The earliest written evidence of the Silk Road comes from
A) Herodotus.
B) Zhang Qian.
C) Livy.
D) Indian geographers.
Q4) The basis for the economy of the Xiongnu was
A) pastoralism and raiding.
B) silk production and trade.
C) farming and raiding.
D) pastoralism and silk production.
Q5) What were the main characteristics of the axial age in terms of philosophy and religion? Provide at least two examples.
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Chapter 8: Postimperial Worlds: Problems of Empires in
Eurasia and Africa, Ca 200 to 700 Ce
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Q1) What was a situation common in both the Roman and Chinese worlds during the third century C.E.?
A) peace
B) civil war
C) economic growth
D) new military innovations
Q2) The code of Sharia was a set of principles that was meant to cover
A) only religious matters and was only meant for Muslims.
B) both religious and secular matters.
C) discrimination against non-Muslims by giving them harsher punishments for the same crimes.
D) only things that Muhammad had reported in the Quran.
Q3) How was the world that recovered from the crises of the third through the seventh centuries a world of civilization?
Q4) The key reasons why the Roman Empire survived in the East was
A) a larger military force and fewer incursions by barbarians.
B) less division because of religion and more easily defended borders.
C) greater wealth and fewer religious divisions.
D) more easily defended frontiers and greater wealth.
Page 10
Q5) How did the Romans interact with the Germanic peoples?
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Chapter 9: The Rise of World Religions: Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism
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Q1) What role did trade play in spreading Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism?
Q2) Of the foreign merchant communities in Guangzhou (Canton) in 879 C.E., the largest was
A) Buddhist.
B) Christian.
C) Muslim.
D) Jewish.
Q3) What doctrinal or practical accommodations did Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism make with the exercise of violent force by its believers?
Q4) By the end of the eleventh century C.E., Buddhism was A) becoming less popular in India.
B) being used by more Indian rulers to justify their rule.
C) developing more monasteries throughout India.
D) adopting the traditions of blood sacrifice to its practice in India.
Q5) Monasticism was NOT a factor in the spread of A) Christianity. B) Buddhism.
C) Islam.
D) Daoism.
Page 11
Q6) What role did monasticism play in the spread of Christianity and Buddhism?
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Chapter 10: Remaking the World: Innovation and Renewal
on Environmental Frontiers in the Late First Millenium
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Q1) Which of the following techniques did NOT lead to increased food production in the Islamic world?
A) new irrigation techniques
B) lower taxes
C) use of fertilizer
D) consolidation of small holdings into larger ones
Q2) In Polynesian culture, the term mana means
A) a type of sacred drink that has narcotic properties and can induce trances.
B) a supernatural power that makes things work the way that they are supposed to.
C) a special type of food that is consumed only at special ritual meals.
D) a type of herb that is used for curing illness.
Q3) What role did new technological developments play in the Polynesian colonization of the Pacific islands?
Q4) Major items of trade in the West African states of Ghana and Gao were
A) bananas and copper.
B) coffee and sugar.
C) gold and salt.
D) cacao beans and slaves.
Q5) What role did Charlemagne play in the expansion of the Christian world?
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Chapter 11: Contending With Isolation: Ca 1000-1200
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Q1) What new invention(s) were introduced into Christian Europe from elsewhere in Eurasia during the Later Middle Ages?
A) windmills
B) ground lenses
C) blast furnaces
D) clocks
Q2) How did the rulers of the Canyon peoples deal with the environmental challenges that their region presented?
A) by peacefully incorporating neighboring peoples into their system
B) by giving their people a high level of participation in the running of the community
C) by adopting harsh military methods
D) by developing a remarkable level of exchange with the Mississippian cultures to the east
Q3) What connections existed between states in India and Southeast Asia, and how did these connections affect the development of these states?
Q4) How did Japan develop economically and culturally during this period? What were its relations with other states in East Asia?
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14
Chapter
Ca 1000-1200
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Q1) In order to maintain peaceful relations with the neighboring Liao Empire, the Song Empire
A) maintained only a small army so as not to appear threatening.
B) paid tribute to the Liao.
C) had its children educated in schools in Liao territory.
D) kept common religious shrines and practices that emphasized a unity between the two powers.
Q2) In 1054, a schism broke out between the Eastern and Western Christian churches partly because of
A) military conflict between the major states of Eastern and Western Christendom.
B) differences over the nature of Christ.
C) slight differences in the Nicene Creed.
D) a dispute over the supremacy of Patriarch of Constantinople.
Q3) One nomadic people of the steppe that were successfully integrated into Europe was the
A) Magyars.
B) Mongols.
C) Turks.
D) Uighurs.
Page 15
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Chapter 13: The World the Mongols Made
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Q1) What were the results for the areas that remained unconquered by the Mongols?
Q2) What changes did Temujin bring to Mongol society? How did these changes enhance his control of the steppes and the Mongol ability to expand?
Q3) Who was Temujin and how have different peoples (including the Mongols themselves) portrayed him through the ages?
Q4) An environmental explanation for the Mongol conquests that has been put forth is that
A) temperatures rose and increased the desert areas and that pushed the Mongols south and west.
B) temperatures fell and declining pastureland caused a need for expansion.
C) high rainfall in the Mongol homeland led to flooding and the destruction of Mongol agriculture.
D) a series of earthquakes destroyed Mongol communities and led to their dispersal.
Q5) The title Genghis Khan means something close to
A) desert ruler.
B) big ruling man.
C) barbarian-killing general.
D) ocean-king.
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Chapter 14: The Revenge of Nature: Plague, Cold, and the
Limits of Disaster in the Fourteenth Century
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Q1) What were the main vectors for the spread of the plague? What do these pathways tell us about the nature of the disease(s) known as the plague?
Q2) In what battle did the Mongols unintentionally use a form of biological warfare in order to win?
A) Kaffa in 1346
B) Ain Jalut in 1359
C) Vienna in 1341
D) Cairo in 1347
Q3) The devastation of the plague could also unleash new creative forces where it hit. Did freedom from the plague have corresponding costs? In Perspective
Q4) Why did parts of some societies feel the need to "scapegoat" groups such as the Jews in the fourteenth century, while others did not? In what other ways did cultural responses to the plague vary?
Q5) Compare and contrast the effects of fourteenth century climate change in Europe and the Americas.
Q6) What areas were outside of the zone affected by these changes, and what benefits did their relative isolation provide them?
Page 17
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Chapter 15: Expanding Worlds: Recovery in the Late
Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries
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Q1) The Muqaddimah was
A) the commander of the Ottoman armies.
B) the tribute paid to the Ottomans by conquered peoples.
C) an important treatise on Islamic political philosophy.
D) a trade route through central Eurasia.
Q2) What is an example of the new economic divisions in the European peasantry that began to appear during the fourteenth century?
A) Peasants living west of the Elbe became freer.
B) Peasants living in the Balkans became freer.
C) Peasants living east of the Elbe became freer.
D) Peasants throughout Europe became poorer.
Q3) What range of motives impelled Europeans around the world?
In Perspective
Q4) The Aztec empire governed through an extensive bureaucracy that regulated tribute in the form of
A) gold and slaves.
B) cotton and tobacco.
C) feathers, rubber, and ornamental shells.
D) all of the above
Page 18
Q5) What brought Zheng He's voyages to an end?
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