Survey of Western Art Test Bank
Course Introduction
Survey of Western Art provides a comprehensive overview of the major periods, movements, and masterpieces in Western art history, tracing developments from the ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome through the Renaissance and Baroque eras, up to modern art in the 20th century. The course emphasizes contextual understanding by exploring how historical, cultural, and technological changes shaped artistic expression and visual culture. Students will analyze significant works of painting, sculpture, and architecture, learn key terminology, and develop critical skills for interpreting the influences and legacies of Western art traditions.
Recommended Textbook
Gardner s Art Through the Ages A Concise Global History 3rd Edition by Fred S. Kleiner
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21 Chapters
1109 Verified Questions
1109 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Prehistory and the First Civilizations
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Sample Questions
Q1) What does this structure say about Ramses II?
Answer: Temple of Ramses II,Abu Simbel (Figure 1-31).Ramses II proclaims his greatness and his achievements as a military pharaoh (he restored Egypt's empire)with the overwhelming size of his monument.This structure defines his role and status as pharaoh and brother to the gods.
Q2) Paleolithic animal paintings could not be described as ____.
A) lively
B) simple C) naturalistic
D) abstract
Answer: D
Q3) Evaluate the difference between the art and architecture of the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods.
Answer: The Paleolithic period corresponds roughly to the age of food gathering.The Neolithic period saw the foundation of agriculture and domesticated stock.No longer did the people have to wander the landscape in search of food.Agriculture and domesticated stock provided the principal food sources.
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Chapter 2: Ancient Greece
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which sculpture employs contrapposto?
A) Kroisos
B) Kritios Boy
C) Lady of Auxerre
D) Peplos kore
Answer: B
Q2) Cycladic art was made in the ____.
A) first millennium BCE
B) second millennium BCE
C) third millennium BCE
D) four millennium BCE
Answer: C
Q3) Minoan art and architecture was created in the
A) first millennium BCE
B) second millennium BCE
C) third millennium BCE
D) four millennium BCE
Answer: B
Q4) What does Minoan art and architecture reveal about life on Knossos?
Answer: It reveals a peaceful existence,rituals,and reliance on the sea.
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Chapter 3: The Roman Empire
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Sample Questions
Q1) How did the reliefs on the Column of Trajan accurately record the character of the Dacian Wars?
A) Dacians were depicted as ferocious fighters.
B) Trajan was shown actively participating in battles.
C) Battles scenes only occupy one quarter of the frieze.
D) Roman soldiers are outnumbered by Dacian troops.
Answer: D
Q2) Explain the parts of a Roman city plan.
Answer: The city includes roads,a forum,a basilica,a temple,an amphitheater,and housing for the elite and plebeiAnswer.
Q3) What is the significance of this monument?
Answer: Ara Pacis Augustae (3-26).The monument celebrates the peace under Roman virtues.
Q4) Terracotta life-sized reclining figures are found on Etruscan ____.
A) sarcophagi
B) temple roofs
C) homes
D) all of these choices
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Early Christianity and Byzantium
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Sample Questions
Q1) You have just discovered an old basilica.Explain how you will determine whether the structure was constructed for the Roman government or the Early Christian Church.
Q2) Emperor Justinian appears in the apse mosaic at ____.
A) San Vitale in Ravenna
B) San Apollinare in Classe
C) Saint Catherine at Mount Sinai
D) Hagia Sophia
Q3) Which of the following is a basilica?
A) Santa Costanza
B) Old St.Peter's
C) Sts.Peter and Marcellinus
D) San Vitale
Q4) Discuss the architectural innovations of the Byzantine period.Discuss specific features from at least two buildings.Be sure to specify the period each building.Use examples to support your essay.
Q5) One of these buildings is Early Christian and the other Byzantine.Identify them,describe the structural system used for each,and note the historical factors that might account for their similarities and differences.
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Chapter 5: The Islamic World
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ____ was constructed following the introduction of Islam to Jerusalem.
A) Temple of Jerusalem
B) Dome of the Rock
C) Sacred Temple
D) Mosque of Muhammad
Q2) Identify the parts of a great mosque.
Q3) Compare and contrast these two works and their contexts.
Q4) Describe the ornamental program of a great mosque.
Q5) Explain how calligraphy functioned as an art form,both as the written word and pure decoration and pattern.How does it express the nature of Islam as a religion? How does it express the political and artistic needs of Islam? Use examples to support your essay.
Q6) Describe the Alhambra.
Q7) Where and why does calligraphy appear in Islamic art and architecture?
Q8) Which of the following is built over the spot from which Muhammad is believed to have ascended to heaven?
A) Great Mosque, Isfahan
B) Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem
C) Great Mosque, Córdoba
D) Great Mosque, Kairouan
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Chapter 6: Early Medieval and Romanesque Europe
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ottonian artists narrated religious stories using ____.
A) expressive figures
B) Latin inscriptions
C) linear perspective
D) all of these choices
Q2) The ____ burial epitomizes the early medieval tradition of burying great lords with rich furnishings.
A) Sutton Hoo
B) Lindisfarne
C) Centula
D) Suffolk
Q3) Explain the name "Romanesque." Then select three examples of Romanesque art and architecture and analyze their use of Roman ideas.
Q4) ____ Column was a possible model for the Bayeux Tapestry because it is in narrative format.
A) Marcus Aurelius's
B) Justinian's
C) Trajan's
D) Constantine's
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Chapter 7: Gothic and Late Medieval Europe
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the cult of the Virgin and how did it impact Gothic art and architecture?
Q2) Discuss the contribution of classical antiquity to Gothic art and architecture.Use examples to support your essay.
Q3) Which of the following best describes Gothic architecture?
A) Its rounded arches allows for great height
B) Its interior is permeated with light
C) Its interior is narrow and long windows are eliminated
D) Its apse was rounded to focus attention on the altar
Q4) Who painted the Effects of Good Government in the City and in the Countryside?
A) Simone Martini
B) Giotto
C) Duccio
D) Ambrogio Lorenzetti
Q5) To what does Italo-Byzantine refer?
Q6) Compare the style and subject matter of the Arena Chapel by Giotto with Ambrogio Lorenzetti's Effects of Good Government in the City and in the Country.What are the differences and how does each artist reflect his environment? Use examples to support your essay.
Q7) How is buon fresco created?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: The Early Renaissance in Europe
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the advantages of oil paint over tempera.
Q2) Who won the 1401 competition to design the Baptistery doors for the Cathedral of Florence?
A) Ghiberti
B) Brunelleschi
C) Donatello
D) Masaccio
Q3) Why is Rogier van der Weyden's Saint Luke Drawing the Virgin thought to be a comment on the painting profession?
Q4) What is the "problem" with Alberti's façade of Sant'Andrea in Mantua?
Q5) Identify this sculpture and explain its subject and its significance for the history of art.
Q6) How did social and historical issues affect art in fifteenth-century Burgundy,Flanders,and the Holy Roman Empire? Use examples to support your essay.
Q7) In Masaccio's Holy Trinity,the vanishing point can be found ____.
A) between the dove of the Holy Spirit and God the Father
B) above the head of God the Father
C) at the foot of the Cross
D) on the head of the Crucified Christ
Page 10
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Chapter 9: High Renaissance and Mannerism in Europe
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Sample Questions
Q1) Giorgione's paintings are known for their ____.
A) perspectival space
B) poetic themes
C) external light sources
D) disegno
Q2) Why is this work significant?
Q3) Which artist applied for a position by telling his prospective patron that he could "contrive various and endless means of offence and defense"?
A) Raphael
B) Leonardo da Vinci
C) Michelangelo
D) Titian
Q4) How did Italian architects working in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries adjust classical architecture to suit their needs? Use examples to support your essay.
Q5) How did Dürer promote Italian ideas in Northern Europe?
Q6) What are disegno and colorito?
Q7) What features identify this work as High Renaissance?
Q8) How did El Greco's travels contribute to his style of painting?
Q9) What features of this painting identify it as Mannerist?
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Chapter 10: Baroque Europe
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss art's role played in the revitalization of the Catholic Church and the expression of Catholic beliefs during the seventeenth century.Use examples to support your answer.
Q2) Attribute the images on the screen to a culture and give an approximate date.Give the reasons for your attributions,using complete sentences and referring to specific works discussed in class.
Q3) The work of which three artists influenced Rubens' Elevation of the Cross?
A) Michelangelo, Tintoretto, and Caravaggio
B) Leonardo, Titian, and Carracci
C) Masaccio, Fra Angelico, and Mantegna
D) Leonardo, Michelangelo, and Raphael
Q4) What types of shapes did Borromini employ at San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane?
A) circle and square
B) rectilinear and perpendicular
C) concave and convex
D) oval and trapezoid
Q5) Explain Poussin's ideas about the "grand manner" of painting.
Q6) Describe Claude's painting style and content.
Q7) Explain the content of Velázquez's Las Meninas.
Q8) How does this interior reflect the power of the absolute monarch?
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Chapter 11: Rococo to Neoclassicism in Europe and America
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which American president was also an architect?
A) George Washington
B) John Adams
C) Thomas Jefferson
D) James Madison
Q2) Compare the paintings of Hogarth and Reynolds.How does each address the issue of class? Use examples to support your essay.
Q3) The artist whose work best spoke for the French Revolution was ____.
A) Kauffmann
B) David
C) Fragonard
D) Soufflot
Q4) Which answer best describes the paintings by John Singleton Copley?
A) down to earth and informal
B) theatrical and majestic
C) graceful and sophisticated
D) moralizing and grandiose
Q5) Why is this image called an altarpiece for the new civic religion?
Q7) What is being expressed in this work? Page 13
Q6) Who was Johann Winckelmann,and what was his significance to the history of art?
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Page 14
Chapter 12: Romanticism, Realism, and Photography,1800 to 1870
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Sample Questions
Q1) What subjects did the Realists in the United States and Europe address in their art?
Q2) Which architect embraced the new honest approach to building?
A) Joseph Paxton
B) Charles Garnier
C) Charles Barry
D) A.W.N.Pugin
Q3) Compare and contrast landscape painting in Europe and the United States.Discuss at least three countries in your essay and cite specific examples.
Q4) The "sublime" inspired feelings of ____.
A) heroic action
B) sentimentality
C) awe mixed with terror
D) romantic love
Q5) Eakins' The Gross Clinic was rejected by critics for being too ____.
A) big
B) French
C) intellectual
D) brutal
Q6) What event does this painting represent?
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Chapter 13: Impressionism, Post-Impressionism, and Symbolism,1870 to 1900
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cassatt's style of work owes much to which of the following?
A) Giorgione
B) Japanese prints
C) Leonardo's sketchbooks
D) Michelangelo
Q2) Explain the principles of Post-Impressionist painting as seen in works by van Gogh,Gauguin,Seurat,and Cézanne.Use examples to support your essay.
Q3) What are the goals of Impressionist painting?
Q4) How did industrialization and urbanization affect art in the late nineteenth century?
Q5) Who was the artist who associated with the night world of Paris,consorting with the tawdry population of entertainers,prostitutes,and other social outcasts?
A) Cassatt
B) Toulouse-Lautrec
C) Van Gogh
D) Gauguin
Q6) Why is Rousseau unlike the other artists discussed in this chapter?
Q7) In what way is this work typical of Impressionism?
Q8) How is this work "modern"?
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Chapter 14: Modernism in Europe and America,1900 to 1945
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Sample Questions
Q1) What event does this work describe?
Q2) The artist ____ painted hidden reality revealed through strange juxtapositions:
A) Matisse
B) Picasso
C) De Chirico
D) Kandinsky
Q3) What is a "a machine for living"?
Q4) Discuss Pablo Picasso's Les Demoiselles d'Avignon.How did this work re-shape the art of the early twentieth century? Include in your discussion the influences of Primitive art.Use examples to support your essay.
Q5) How does this work capture the spirit of Surrealism?
Q6) Which artist's image was directly contradicted by the text painted on the canvas?
A) Salvador Dali
B) René Magritte
C) Max Ernst
D) Giorgio De Chirico
Q7) Briefly define Synthetic Cubism.
Q8) How did each artist articulate a different purpose for art?
Q9) To what event does Picasso's Guernica refer?
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Chapter 15: Modernism and Postmodernism in Europe and America, 1945
to 1980
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Sample Questions
Q1) Superrealism and Pop art both ____.
A) address themes from consumer culture
B) employ found objects
C) use abstract portraiture
D) employ benday dots
Q2) What was the purpose of Judy Chicago's The Dinner Party?
Q3) What two tools did Audrey Flack use to create her super-realistic paintings?
A) a paintbrush and a ruler
B) a projector and an airbrush
C) a grid and diluted acrylic paint
D) a silkscreen and a watercolor brush
Q4) A sculptor whose work embodies the characteristics of Minimalism was ____.
A) Donald Judd
B) Christo
C) Kiki Smith
D) Duane Hanson
Q5) What artist used the technique of benday dots and why?
Page 18
Q6) Describe Carolee Schneemann's "kinetic theatre".
Q7) How does this building reflect the ideas of postmodernism?
Q8) What is Performance Art?
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Page 19
Chapter 16: Contemporary Art Worldwide
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Q1) Discuss the controversy surrounding the exhibition Robert Mapplethorpe: The Perfect Moment.What did people find offensive about this exhibition and what was the final resolution?
Q2) Describe the photographic process used by this artist.
Q3) The stylistic label that best describes Maya Lin's Vietnam Veterans Memorial is ____.
A) Abstract Expressionism
B) Colorfield Painting
C) Minimalism
D) Conceptual Art
Q4) Which artist's work led to an important court case in Cincinnati about freedom of expression for artists.
A) Barbara Kruger
B) Jean-Michel Basquiat
C) Robert Mapplethorpe
D) Matthew Barney
Q5) Why was Rachel Whiteread's Holocaust Memorial so controversial?
Q6) Who is the figure in the center of this image and why is this significant?
Q7) Define the major characteristics of postmodernism.
Page 20
Q8) Who is the subject of this work?
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Chapter 17: South and Southeast Asia
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Sample Questions
Q1) The mother of Buddha is called ____.
A) Queen Maya
B) Devi
C) Durga
D) Parvati
Q2) Compare and contrast Mughal painting and Buddhist painting.How are they different? How are they similar? How are they specific to the religious philosophies they represent? How is the iconography used to emphasize the religious doctrines and political environments? Use examples to support your essay.
Q3) Angkor Wat was constructed to associate Suryavarman II with his personal god
A) Buddha
B) Vishnu
C) Shiva
D) Devi
Q4) To date,what has NOT been discovered in the Indus Valley?
A) palace or temple architecture
B) public bathing facilities
C) private housing
D) market place
Page 21
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Chapter 18: China and Korea
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Q1) Compare and contrast the Ming Dynasty with the Manchu.How are they different? Include in your essay the impact the Manchu invasion had on China.Also consider the political and social implications and the ramifications for the visual arts.Use examples to support your essay.
Q2) Compare and contrast the Tang and Song Dynasties.How are they different? How are they similar? How does each dynasty use the visual arts to describe itself? Include in your discussion the energy and style of the Tang period.Use examples to support your essay.
Q3) One of the most important tasks of the Chinese artist was to ____.
A) serve as an instrument through which nature could reveal itself
B) impose a mathematical structure on the chaos of nature
C) demonstrate man's domination of nature
D) demonstrate his own individuality
Q4) Compare and contrast the Paradise of Amitabha with Shitao's Man in a House beneath a Cliff.How does each image reflect its particular philosophy and its period?
Q5) How does this image represent the emperor?
Q6) Why was it significant that when this work was first exhibited it was anonymous?
Q7) How do the Chinese symbols of the dragon and phoenix represent status?
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Q8) During the Yuan Dynasty why was bamboo used to symbolize a Chinese gentleman?
Chapter 19: Japan
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Q1) In the Edo period,the Tokugawa rulers banned ____ and almost all foreigners from entering Japan.
A) Judaism
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Shinto
Q2) What is the tie between ukiyo-e and Buddhism?
Q3) The unglazed ceramic figures placed around the Kofun tumuli are:
A) haniwa
B) guang
C) sutras
D) mandara
Q4) Evaluate the innovations in technique and composition found in the Tale of Genji.Consider the Japanese imperial court at this time.What influences can be seen? How did the court influence this work?
Q5) Assess the splashed-ink style and its implications as an expression of Zen.Consider the Chinese influences as well.Use examples to support your essay.
Q6) Briefly discuss the influences Zen Buddhism had on Muromachi art.
Q7) What is the Taizokai (Womb World),and how does it reflect Shingon Buddhism?
Page 23
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Chapter 20: Native America
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Sample Questions
Q1) How does the disk of Coyolxauhqui describe the Aztec psyche?
Q2) What architectural feature has been found in nearly all Mesoamerican cultures?
A) a circular temple
B) a ball court
C) a rectangular plaza with a fountain at east end
D) an open courtyard with a kiva in the center
Q3) How did the Olmec and Teotihuacán cultures shape the development of the Classic Maya culture?
Q4) Which of the following is the commonly suggested as the reasoning for Teotihuacán's layout?
A) related to the calendar of the gods
B) related to the topography of the area
C) related to the legend of the king
D) related to astronomical phenomena
Q5) The Goddess painting from the Tetitla apartment complex at Teotihuacan wears a headdress with stylized human hearts referring to:
A) the practice of human sacrifice
B) the goddess' great love for mankind
C) the souls of those killed in battle
D) a symbol of regeneration and rebirth
Page 24
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Chapter 21: Africa
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Sample Questions
Q1) Select one ruler's image from Egypt,Rome,and sub-Saharan Africa.Explain how each work embodies their rule.
Q2) Bamum art is known for its ____.
A) wood carving
B) ivory figures
C) nail figures
D) textiles and beads
Q3) You have been asked to assemble an exhibition of African art addressing ancestry.Which five examples will you include? Explain your selections.
Q4) The ____ people claim they are descendents of Chibinda Ilunga,the legendary hunter-king
A) Chokwe
B) Dogon
C) Yoruba
D) Nok
Q5) Discuss gender roles in African societies and how they affect the artistic production.Use examples to support your essay.
Q6) What is the symbolism of the heads on a Benin royal ancestral altar?
Q7) Describe the style and function of a linguist's staff.
Page 25
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