Survey of Western Art II Exam Review
Course Introduction
Survey of Western Art II explores the development of Western art from the Renaissance through the present day, examining major movements, artists, and works that have shaped the artistic landscape of Europe and the Americas. This course emphasizes the historical, cultural, and social contexts in which art was produced, highlighting significant changes in style, technique, and thematic content over time. Students will analyze painting, sculpture, and architecture with a focus on understanding the evolution of artistic expression and the impact of broader historical events on visual culture. Through lectures, readings, and visual analysis, students gain critical skills for interpreting and appreciating Western art from the 15th century to contemporary times.
Recommended Textbook Gardner s Art Through the Ages A Global History Vol 2 14th Edition by Fred S. Kleiner
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24 Chapters
1555 Verified Questions
1555 Flashcards
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Chapter 14: Late Medieval Italy
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66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the similarities of these two church facades?
Answer: Orvieto Cathedral and Siena Cathedral . They both combine French Gothic details, such as pointed gables, pinnacles, and a rose window, with the colored stonework typical of Italian churches.
Q2) The word Renaissance means rebirth. Which of the following was a revived interest during this time?
A) Hiberno-Saxon manuscripts
B) Classical culture
C) Islamic culture
D) Platonic interpretation of Christianity
Answer: B
Q3) How does Florence's cathedral differ from the Gothic in the northern and what influenced it?
Answer: Cologne Cathedral and Florence Cathedral . Cologne emphatically stresses the verticality of the Gothic period. The towers are reaching for the heavens. Florence Cathedral is horizontal and tied to the earth, a consequence of the humanist tradition as well as the Italian fascination with its classical past. Even though Florence does not have that direct heritage, the cathedral echoes the monumentality of Imperial Rome.
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Chapter 15: South and Southeast Asia Before 1200
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Theravada Buddhism continues in which of the following countries?
A) Sri Lanka
B) China
C) Java
D) Pakistan
Answer: A
Q2) Select the response that identifies or corresponds best to the image on the screen.
A) chaitya
B) torana
C) mandala
D) mandapa
Answer: B
Q3) Select the response that identifies or corresponds best to the image on the screen.
A) Durga Praying to the Buffalo Demon
B) Descent of the Ganges River
C) Bodhisattva Maitreya
D) Durga Slaying the Buffalo Demon
Answer: D
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Chapter 16: China and Korea to 1279
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is earthenware?
Answer: Clay fired at low temperatures, remaining soft and porous. This allowed Chinese artists to produce lifesize sculptures and a variety of vessel shapes.
Q2) Briefly describe Daoism.
Answer: It emerged form the metaphysical teachings of Laozi and Zhuangzi. It stresses intuitive awareness nurtured by harmonious contact with nature and eschews everything that is artificial. Daoists believe strength comes from flexibility and inaction. They favor personal cultivation over societal cultivation. The Dao cannot be described but only suggested through analogies, for example, the Dao is likened to water, yielding yet wearing away the stone.
Q3) How do these images represent the emperor?
Answer: Yan Liben, The Thirteen Emperors and Neighing Horse, Tang . The purpose of Yan Liben's work was to portray the historical figures from the past. They represented moral and political virtues and reflected the Confucian ideal of learning from the past. These same virtues were mirrored in the current emperor. The ceramic figure of the horse reflects on the importance of the emperor and the quality of his stables. It served as a metaphor for the power and brilliance of the Tang emperors.
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Chapter 17: Japan Before 1333
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Sample Questions
Q1) How does the Phoenix Hall, Byodoin reflect Pure Land Buddhism?
Q2) Describe the innovations in technique and composition found in the Tale of Genji. Consider the Japanese imperial court at this time. How did the court influence this work?
Q3) Describe the sacred architecture of Japan. Consider outside influences, and explain changes from original designs and construction. Use examples to support your essay.
Q4) What makes these two images significantly different?
Q5) Briefly describe the Japanese workshop system.
Q6) Describe the differences in style between the Shaka Triad and the Yakushi Triad. Include possible outside sources of influence.
Q7) Compare and contrast the sculpture of the Nara period with the sculpture of the Kamakura period. What changes occurred? Include in your discussion outside influences. Use examples to support your essay.
Q8) In the Yayoi period there was increased interaction with ____ and ____.
A) China and India
B) China and Korea
C) Korea and India
D) India and Tibet
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Chapter 18: Native Arts of the Americas Before 1300
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the ideas of sacrifice that lay behind this image.
Q2) How are the gorgets excavated from Native American temple mounds significant?
Q3) At regular intervals the Olmec as a community would convene for ritual observances at which of the following sites?
A) Teotihuacán and La Venta
B) Teotihuacán and Tula
C) San Lorenzo and La Venta
D) San Lorenzo and Teotihuacán
Q4) Explain the use of art to indicate social status in Mayan society. Use examples to support your essay.
Q5) Describe the impact of the Olmec on subsequent generations in Mexico. How did the Olmec affect the evolution of the visual arts? Use examples to support your essay.
Q6) Who are thought to have been the potters of Mimbres and why?
Q7) The feathered serpent is one guise of which Mesoamerican Mexican deity?
A) Quetzalcóatl
B) Tlaloc
C) Coatlicue
D) Coyolxauhqui
Q8) Describe the Eskimo lifestyle.
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Chapter 19: Africa Before 1800
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72 Verified Questions
72 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is a possible interpretation for this work?
Q2) What is the speculation regarding the seated bird on top of the crocodile from the soapstone monolith at Great Zimbabwe?
Q3) What is one interpretation for the conical towers at Great Zimbabwe?
Q4) How do the alternating heads and mudfish represent the Oba?
Q5) What explanation has been suggested for the shift from wooden sculpture to terracotta in Nok culture?
Q6) Which of the following facial features would the Sapi associate with African adornment and use as a component in their saltcellars?
A) small round noses
B) scarification
C) small almond shaped eyes
D) large pointed ears
Q7) The Sapi saltcellar, an export product, is attributed to which of the following artists?
A) Master of the Ax
B) Master of the Heads
C) Master of the Seated Figures
D) Master of the Symbolic Execution
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Chapter 20: Late Medieval and Early Renaissance Northern Europe
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Sample Questions
Q1) How did Memling contribute to portraiture?
Q2) Jan van Eyck's Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride contains many symbols. Which of the following is an allusion to God?
A) the dog
B) the bedpost
C) the whisk broom
D) the mirror
Q3) Which two entities divided the Burgundian territories after the death of Charles the Bold?
A) France and Spain
B) France and the Holy Roman Empire
C) England and France
D) Rome and England
Q4) Briefly describe the financial climate of Antwerp.
Q5) Who was the noble patron who commissioned Les Très Riches Heures?
A) Philip the Good
B) Giovanni Arnolfini
C) Tommaso Portinari
D) Jean, Duke of Berry
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Q6) How do scholars presently believe that this work should be interpreted?
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Chapter 21: the Renaissance in Quattrocento Italy
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Sample Questions
Q1) What does the interior of Santo Spirito exemplify?
Q2) Which of the following architects wrote influential treatises on painting and architecture?
A) Brunelleschi
B) Michelozzo
C) Alberti
D) Vitruvius
Q3) What is the significance of Perugino's Christ Delivering the Keys of the Kingdom to St. Peter?
Q4) In 1401 an important competition was held to determine the design of the Baptistery doors for the Cathedral of Florence. Even at this early date Renaissance traits were evident. Which of the following is one of those traits?
A) adherence to the 14<sup>th </sup>century frame
B) a new pictorial illusionism
C) maintaining artist anonymity
D) humility of civic pride
Q5) How does the work represent logical space?
Q6) How did perspective shape Renaissance art? Discuss three examples.
Q7) Who was Savonarola?
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Chapter 22: Renaissance and Mannerism in Cinquecento
Italy
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Q1) How is Titian's Venus d'Urbino significant?
Q2) What was Michelangelo's last project for Pope Paul III?
Q3) Who is this and why was she significant?
Q4) Of the following, who was one of the most important Roman patrons of Michelangelo?
A) Lorenzo de' Medici
B) Federigo da Montefeltro
C) Julius II
D) Ludovico Sforza
Q5) In Leonardo's Last Supper, the curved pediment above the head of Christ represents which of the following?
A) the Parthenon
B) pagan Rome
C) a halo
D) mere ornamentation
Q6) Which of the following was the primary church for the Jesuits in Rome?
A) St. Peter's
B) Il Gesù
C) San Giorgio Maggiore
D) Santa Maria Maggiore
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Chapter 23: High Renaissance and Mannerism in Northern
Europe and Spain
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Pieter Aertsen's Meat Still-Life, the artist has created what appears to be a descriptive genre scene, a butcher's shop displaying its products, as well as fish and pretzels. This work also has embedded within it which of the following?
A) political references
B) social references
C) religious references
D) cultural references
Q2) How did Dürer represent himself in his Self-Portrait and what does this work say about the artist's craft?
Q3) What stylistic influences are apparent in the work of El Greco?
Q4) The Protestant concern about the role of religious imagery was in many cases outright hostile. Martin Luther spoke about destroying images. This destruction of religious imagery also occurred during the Byzantine period. Which of the following defines this act?
A) idolatry
B) iconography
C) iconoclasm
D) iconology
Q5) What made the portraits of Jean Clouet significant?
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Chapter 24: the Baroque in Italy and Spain
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Q1) Explain the break from the traditional approach to painting self-portraits seen here.
Q2) Caravaggio's style found many imitators. Identify some of the artists who were influenced by Caravaggio's art. Which elements of his art did they incorporate? What are the unique aspects of their own style?
Q3) Which city has been generally credited with the birth of the Baroque style?
A) Madrid
B) Seville
C) Rome
D) Florence
Q4) One of the distinctive qualities of Francesco Borromini's architecture, visible in the façade of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, is ____.
A) the wave-like movement created by concave and convex lines
B) its similarity to Greek temple design
C) the smooth treatment of the wall
D) towers and tracery of Gothic architecture
Q5) Describe the representation of Bernini's David. How has it evolved from the earlier works of Donatello, Verrocchio, and Michelangelo?
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Chapter 25: the Baroque in Northern Europe
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40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In London at the age of twenty-five, Christopher Wren was appointed to which of the following positions?
A) official court painter
B) professor of astronomy
C) secretary of public woks
D) parliamentarian
Q2) Contrast the architecture of France with the architecture of England. How did each style reflect its respective country and what were the similarities and differences? How did each style accommodate the political inclination of the respective monarchies? Use examples to support your essay.
Q3) Describe the development of portraiture in Dutch 17 century society. How does this genre reflect the society and the country? Use examples to support your essay.
Q4) How did Vermeer celebrate his profession?
Q5) How id Ruisdael's presentation of landscape differ from other landscape artists?
Q6) How does perspective control what we see in this painting? Why?
Q7) Contrast the work of Poussin and Claude Lorrain. How does each artist reflect 17 century France? Use examples to support your essay.
Q8) What role did the city of Amsterdam play in the 17 century?
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Chapter 26: Rococo to Neoclassicism: the 18th Century in Europe and America
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Sample Questions
Q1) The influences of Vitruvius, Palladio, and Inigo Jones are most apparent in which of the following?
A) Houses of Parliament
B) Monticello
C) Chiswick House
D) Panthéon
Q2) What was the political meaning attributed to David's Oath of the Horatii?
Q3) How does Jean-Antoine Houdon's George Washington make reference to the Roman Republic?
Q4) What is the name of the specific style of Rococo painting that depicted the outdoor amusements and entertainments of the upper classes?
A) fête galante
B) pays bonheur
C) sans souci
D) fête de jour
Q5) Who was Johann Winckelmann, and what was his importance in the history of art?
Q6) In what way do these works differ?
Q7) What is "Grand manner Portraiture"?
Q8) What type of subject matter did "veduta" painting portray? Page 17
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Chapter
27: Romanticism, Realism, Photography: Europe and America, 1800 to 1870
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60 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What was the drawback to "wet-plate" processing?
Q2) Contrast Constable's The Haywain with Bierstadt's Among the Sierra Nevada Mountains, California. What are the sociopolitical overtones of each work and how do they represent their respective countries and environments?
Q3) Why did this work have a negative reaction from French society during the 19 century?
Q4) How does the Coronation of Napoleon represent the Neoclassical style?
Q5) How did Henry Fuseli evoke horror and possibly the dark terrain of the human subconscious in his artwork?
Q6) What question does the artist raise in this painting?
Q7) What features of John Constable's landscapes reveal a kinship with Romantic artists?
Q8) How did Thomas Cole respond to America's direction as a civilization?
Q9) How did Bouguereau depict fictional themes or mythological subjects in his paintings?
A) Through the use of polished illusionism
B) Through the use of radical representation
C) Through the use of rough techniques
D) Through the use of non-traditional representation Page 19
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Chapter 28: Impressionism, Post-impressionism,
Symbolism: Europe and America, 1870 to 1900
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Sample Questions
Q1) Briefly describe Post-Impressionism.
Q2) Monet's Rouen Cathedral is a series that observed the same viewpoint during which of the following?
A) different times of the day
B) only at noon
C) only at noon during winter
D) from different elevations
Q3) Who said: "I want to make of Impressionism something solid and lasting like the art in the museums"?
A) Monet
B) van Gogh
C) Cézanne
D) Gauguin
Q4) Who is the artist and how does this work represent the late 19 century?
Q5) How does this work reflect the theories of Sigmund Freud?
Q6) What did Whistler mean when he used the term "arrangement" or "nocturne" in reference to his art?
Q8) How does Louis Sullivan reflect truly modern architecture? Page 21
Q7) Who painted these works? What do they have in common?
Q9) How did Rodin impact later generations of sculptors?
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Sample Questions
Q1) What was "291"?
Q2) Who created these models, and what were their purposes?
Q3) Henry Moore's great series of reclining nudes is said to have been inspired by ____.
A) an African ancestral figure
B) a Chinese figure of Guanyin
C) a pre-Columbian figure, the Chacmool
D) a medieval representation of Mary Magdalene
Q4) What style is described as compositions of shapes and forms abstracted from the conventionally conceived world?
A) Fauvism
B) Cubism
C) De Styl
D) Neoplasticism
Q5) Which of the following is executed in the Synthetic Cubist style?
A) The Dance
B) Fate of the Animals
C) Demoiselles d'Avignon
D) Still-Life with Chair-Caning
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Q6) How does this work reflect the Futurist art movement?
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Chapter 30: Modernism and Postmodernism in Europe and America,
1945 to 1980
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Q1) The terms gestural abstraction and Action Painting are most appropriately applied to the work of ____.
A) Jackson Pollock
B) Robert Motherwell
C) Ellsworth Kelly
D) Barnett Newman
Q2) How is this work "modern"?
Q3) Who was Clement Greenberg?
Q4) What is the artistic issue of Environmental art-- sometimes called Earth art or earthworks?
Q5) John Cage encouraged his students to link their art to which of the following?
A) life
B) music
C) a collaborator
D) poetry
Q6) Contrast the Sony Building (formerly AT&T building) in New York with the Portland Building in Portland, Oregon. How does each work reflect the Postmodern architectural vocabulary?
Page 24
Q7) What was the purpose of Judy Chicago's The Dinner Party?
Q8) How did WW II impact the second half of the twentieth century?
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Chapter 31: Contemporary Art Worldwide
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Q1) What did the Guerilla Girls commonly include in their art?
Q2) How effectively does the work of David Wojnarowicz and Krzysztof Wodiczo inform and examine some of the current political issues? What artistic devices do these artists employ in their work? What precedents are they working from and how effective are their presentations?
Q3) The work of Adrian Piper is provocative and confrontational. She announces in a video installation, "I'm black." What is her motivation with this pronouncement?
A) She is announcing her pride in her heritage.
B) She wants viewers to examine their behaviors and values.
C) She wants viewers to examine her in this context.
D) She wants acceptance and recognition as a Black artist.
Q4) What was Andy Goldsworthy's Cracked Rock Spiral tribute to?
A) Green architecture
B) Christo's Surrounded Islands
C) Robert Smithson and Spiral Jetty
D) performance art
Q5) What does this work explore?
Q6) In what way is this work a departure from typical examples of video art?
Q7) How does this work resonate as a response to racism?
Page 26
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Chapter 32: South and Southeast Asia, 1200 to 1980
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Sample Questions
Q1) The indigenous Cham culture was native to ____?
A) South Vietnam
B) Myanmar
C) central India
D) Cambodia
Q2) Briefly describe the Vijayanagar Empire.
Q3) Describe and evaluate the impact of British rule on 19th century Indian art. Use examples to support your essay.
Q4) Describe the purpose and the symbolism of these structures.
Q5) How do these images reflect political values?
Q6) Where did the Hindu kings continue to rule?
Q7) The rulers of the Punjab Hills states were related to the Rajputs. Which of the following subjects would the Punjab Hills states rulers commission for painting?
A) stories of the love of Jahangir and Mumtaz Mahal
B) stories of the Mughal conquest of India
C) stories of Krishna, avatar of Vishnu
D) stories of the life of Muhammad
Q8) What do these images express?
Q9) How does the Emerald Buddha represent the king of Thailand?
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Chapter 33: China and Korea, 1279 to 1980
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Q1) Describe the impact the Manchu invasion had on China. Consider the political and social implications, and their ramifications for the visual arts. Use examples to support your essay.
Q2) During the Ming Dynasty, which of the following was considered the most prestigious painting style?
A) imperial court portraits
B) history paintings
C) bamboo paintings
D) landscape painting
Q3) The Ming bureaucracy allowed China to be overrun by this group of invaders who then established the Qing Dynasty. Which of the following invaders is that group?
A) Manchus
B) Mongols
C) native Chinese
D) Han
Q4) What is the function of a Chinese garden?
Q5) The painting Auspicious Objects by Giuseppe Castiglione (Lang Shining) is a birthday tribute to the emperor. What elements in this work make it a birthday tribute?
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Chapter 34: Japan, 1336 to 1980
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Q1) Which of the following schools combined colorism with Chinese ink brush outlines in the sixteenth-century?
A) the Heian School
B) the Jataka School
C) the Tosa and Kano Schools
D) the Edo School
Q2) After the overthrow of the Tokugawa, a new period ensued, called the Meiji that translates to ____.
A) Divine Rule
B) Blessed Rule
C) Holy Rule
D) Enlightened Rule
Q3) How did the architecture of the Momoyama period reflect the period?
Q4) How does the work, Oiran (Grand Courtesan) differ from traditional ukiyo-e works?
Q5) What became a major genre in Japan in the late 19th century?
A) oil painting
B) pastels
C) ink screens
D) portrait sculpture
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Chapter 35: Native Arts of the Americas, 1300 to 1980
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Q1) Who were the supreme masters of shaping and fitting stones for architecture in South America?
A) Mixtecs
B) Inka
C) Tairona
D) Aztecs
Q2) The Northwest Coast Indians had a rich and reliable environment. They developed a large and varied repertory of symbols and objects. Which of the following also developed as a result of this environment?
A) a class of professional artists
B) part-time artists
C) a tradition for exploration
D) a tradition for non-violence
Q3) The Northwest Coast Indians used masks for which of the following types of ceremonies?
A) male initiation rituals
B) female initiation rituals
C) healing rituals
D) soothing arguments between daughters-in law and mothers-in law
Q4) How does the puma factor into the description of the Inka city of Cuzco?
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Chapter 36: Oceania Before 1980
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Q1) How did these images represent their respective communities and cultures?
Q2) Why is the Tatanua mask important to the Malanggan mortuary ceremonies?
Q3) What do these images signify?
Q4) How do these images differ in functionality?
Q5) How does the Hawaiian war god, Kuka'ilimoku, reflect the political and social environment of Hawaii?
Q6) The shell-like abstract patterns found on the men's ceremonial houses of Belau refer to which of the following?
A) the rooster
B) the sun
C) the gods
D) shell money
Q7) Briefly describe Polynesian societies.
Q8) Compare and contrast the Malanggan rites with the Asmat ancestor pole rites. Use examples to support your essay.
Q9) Contrast these two images; what do they represent?
Q10) What does this feather head god have in common with the Hawaiian full-length wooden gods?
Q11) How does the praying mantis reflect Asmat figural symbolism? Page 31
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Chapter 37: Africa, 1800 to 1980
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Q1) What is the Sande society of the Mende?
Q2) How does the female Mende mask evoke the female spirit?
Q3) What is the figure that tops this mask and what does it signify?
Q4) Which of the following describes how Mamy Wata appears in the dreams of her devotees?
A) as a small female child
B) as a voluptuously obese woman
C) as a wizened old woman
D) as an exotic temptress
Q5) What characterizes African art?
Q6) What is the function of this figure?
Q7) Describe the impact of European and American contact on 20th century African art. Include the contemporary influences as well. How have European and American contact changed African art and perceptions? Use examples to support your essay.
Q8) Contrast Kuba and Senufo masks. How does each function within its respective society?
Q9) How does the Kongo figural sculpture mirror Kongo society? How does it represent their belief systems, and how does this differ from the figural sculpture of the Dogon? Use examples to support your essay.
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