Survey of Western Art Exam Bank
Course Introduction
Survey of Western Art provides an overview of the major movements, artists, and works that have shaped the visual culture of the Western world from antiquity to the modern era. The course explores key developments in painting, sculpture, architecture, and the decorative arts, examining the social, political, and philosophical contexts that influenced artistic production. Through analysis of representative works from ancient Greece and Rome, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, Baroque, Neoclassicism, Romanticism, and into the contemporary period, students gain a broad understanding of the evolution of Western art and its enduring impact on global culture.
Recommended Textbook
Gardner s Art Through the Ages A Concise Global History 3rd Edition by Fred S. Kleiner
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Chapter 1: Prehistory and the First Civilizations
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Q1) How does this image represent the divine status of the king?
Answer: Victory stele of Naram-Sin (Figure 1-16).The figure of Naram-Sin is fashioned as taller than his army,and he appears in the horned helmet of the gods.In fact this is the first time the ruler has appeared as divine in Mesopotamian art.
Q2) Discuss the historical importance of this work and explain the scenes represented. Answer: Palette of Narmer (Figure 1-22)becomes a political document recording the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt.It also presents an early blueprint for the canon or system of proportions in Egyptian figural representation.
Q3) Which object commemorated the unification of Egypt?
A) Saqqara Relief
B) Palette of Djoser
C) Saqqara Stele
D) Palette of Narmer
Answer: D
Q4) Explain the significance of the Neolithic period and its art and architecture. Answer: HumAnswer began to settle in fixed abodes and began to domesticate plants and animals.
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Chapter 2: Ancient Greece
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Q1) How did Hellenistic sculptors treat the representation of human emotion differently than their Classical counterparts?
Answer: Hellenistic artists portrayed extreme emotional states in their art.Their figures frequently showed intense anguish as well as vivid depictions of death and suffering.Classical sculptors typically portrayed figures with more reserved emotions and severe facial expressions.
Q2) Polykleitos used the sculpture known as Doryphoros to demonstrate ____.
A) his skill at rendering the human figure
B) his interest in storytelling
C) the canon of proportion
D) symmetria
Answer: C
Q3) Mycenaean culture flourished around ____.
A) 1000 BCE
B) 1500 BCE
C) 2000 BCE
D) 2500 BCE
Answer: B
Q4) What does Minoan art and architecture reveal about life on Knossos?
Answer: It reveals a peaceful existence,rituals,and reliance on the sea.
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Chapter 3: The Roman Empire
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Q1) The first Roman painting style is known for its simulation of ____.
A) marble panels
B) perspectival space
C) landscapes and cityscapes
D) rituals
Answer: A
Q2) The most pronounced influence of Greek Classical art could be seen in work done for which of the following emperors?
A) Julius Caesar
B) Augustus
C) Trajan
D) Constantine
Answer: B
Q3) What is concrete,and what effect did it have upon construction?
Answer: Concrete is a building material of great tensile strength that allows for enormous flexibility in shaping both interior space and exteriors.
Q4) What is the significance of this monument?
Answer: Ara Pacis Augustae (3-26).The monument celebrates the peace under Roman virtues.
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Chapter 4: Early Christianity and Byzantium
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Q1) What are the parts of a Christian basilica and what are their functions?
Q2) The materials used to build and decorate Hagia Sophia included ____.
A) schist
B) brick
C) concrete
D) solid gold
Q3) What was the vestibule of Old St.Peter's in Rome called?
A) atrium
B) narthex
C) nave
D) apse
Q4) Which of the following is a basilica?
A) Santa Costanza
B) Old St.Peter's
C) Sts.Peter and Marcellinus
D) San Vitale
Q5) What is the historical significance of the Vladimir Madonna?
Q6) Describe the features of each mosaic that make it a typical example of the Early Byzantine and Middle Byzantine styles.
Q7) What is the significance of Old Saint Peter's?
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Chapter 5: The Islamic World
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Q1) The Court of the Lions is located in which of the following cities?
A) Damascus
B) Cairo
C) Baghdad
D) Granada
Q2) Briefly describe the 11 -century plan of the Great Mosque at Isfahan.How is this design unique?
Q3) The area in a mosque reserved for the ruler or his representatives is called the:
A) masjid
B) qibla
C) muqarna
D) maqsura
Q4) Compare and contrast the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem with the Great Mosque at Isfahan.What are the differences? How do you account for them?
Q5) Describe muqarnas.What was their function?
Q6) How are these images alike?
Q7) Briefly describe the design of the Ardabil funerary carpet of Shaykh Safi al-Din.How is this design significant?
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Chapter 6: Early Medieval and Romanesque Europe
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Q1) How does this images fail to meet the reforming spirit of the Cistercian Order and Saint Bernard of Clairvaux in particular?
Q2) How is the initial R from the Moralia in Job typically Romanesque?
A) By the absence of a salutation
B) By exceeding the boundaries of the frame
C) By following Hiberno-Saxon carpet page patterns
D) By the banding of the torso and the partitioning of the drapery folds
Q3) How does this work show its classical heritage?
Q4) What manuscript is an example of Hiberno-Saxon art?
A) Coronation Gospels
B) Vienna Genesis
C) Ebbo Gospels
D) Book of Kells
Q5) Why are Romanesque churches generally rather dark inside?
A) Barrel-vaults exerted great outward thrust making a clerestory difficult to construct.
B) The side aisles blocked the entrance of light into the nave of the church.
C) It was too expensive to construct a clerestory.
D) The rituals required darkness.
Q6) What period does each work represent,and how are the works alike?
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Chapter 7: Gothic and Late Medieval Europe
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Q1) Images of the Visitation illustrate ____.
A) Mary's meeting with Elizabeth
B) Christ's visit to Jerusalem
C) Joseph and Mary's journey to Bethlehem
D) Moses' trip out of Egypt
Q2) Which of the following was characteristic of the work of Simone Martini?
A) use of elegant flowing contour
B) emphasis on drama
C) bold modeling of the figures
D) emphasis on delineation of three-dimensional space
Q3) How does the artist reveal political intent in this image?
Q4) Giotto's Enthroned Madonna appears naturalistic because ____.
A) the Virgin is slender and fragile
B) the Virgin's cloak is heavily patterned with gold threads
C) the Virgin is solid and has mass
D) the figures float as if in the spiritual realm
Q5) Contrast these two images.What do they reveal about the diversity of tastes in the fourteenth century?
Q6) How do stained glass windows function within the context of a Gothic church?
Q7) How is buon fresco created?
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Chapter 8: The Early Renaissance in Europe
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Q1) The Florentine Pollaiuolo is known for ____.
A) figures that appear ecorché
B) the representation of figures in action
C) his work for the Medici
D) all of these choices
Q2) Which of the following is a classical reference on Ghiberti's 1401 competition panel?
A) the drapery flowing on the body of Isaac
B) the elongated S curve of Isaac's body
C) the classical costumes worn by the figures
D) the naked figure of Isaac
Q3) The classical principle of contrapposto,or weight shift,was reintroduced into Western art by the sculptor ____.
A) Ghiberti
B) Claus Sluter
C) Pollaiuolo
D) Donatello
Q4) Compare and contrast the stylistic and thematic characteristics of Jan van Eyck's Ghent Altarpiece and Masaccio's Holy Trinity.
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Chapter 9: High Renaissance and Mannerism in Europe
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Q1) How is Titian's Venus d'Urbino significant for its title,composition,and material?
Q2) What anamorphic element appears in Holbein's French Ambassadors?
A) skeleton
B) seal of Francis I
C) death's-head
D) seal of Henry VIII
Q3) Which artist applied for a position by telling his prospective patron that he could "contrive various and endless means of offence and defense"?
A) Raphael
B) Leonardo da Vinci
C) Michelangelo
D) Titian
Q4) Explain the subject and purpose of Bruegel's Netherlandish Proverbs.
Q5) The term terribilità is most often used to refer to ____.
A) Leonardo da Vinci
B) Michelangelo
C) Raphael
D) Bronzino
Q6) How did El Greco's travels contribute to his style of painting?
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Chapter 10: Baroque Europe
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Q1) Rembrandt's Hundred Guilder Print is a/an ____.
A) woodcut
B) engraving
C) etching
D) aquatint
Q2) Claude Lorrain is known for his ____.
A) portraits
B) still life paintings
C) religious paintings
D) landscapes
Q3) How did Fra Andrea Pozzo create the illusion of Heaven opening above the heads of the congregation in the church of Sant'Ignazio?
A) He illusionistically continued the church's architecture into the vault
B) He renovated the nave ceiling to provide a better view of the paintings in the vault
C) He painted quadri riportati to simulate a painted view of Heaven
D) He illusionistically lowered the church's actual architecture
Q4) Explain how Versailles embodied French ideas about absolute monarchy.Cite specific examples in your answer.
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Chapter 11: Rococo to Neoclassicism in Europe and America
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Q1) Explain the American interest in ancient Rome and how this interest affected art and architecture.Use examples to support your essay.
Q2) At the turn of the century,the French Academy was divided between the ____.
A) Poussinistes and the Claudistes
B) Rubenistes and the Poussinistes
C) Rubenistes and the Caravaggisti
D) Caravaggisti and the Claudistes
Q3) Which artist made portraits in the grant manner?
A) Vigée-Lebrun
B) Hogarth
C) David
D) Reynolds
Q4) Who was Johann Winckelmann,and what was his significance to the history of art?
Q5) How does this work reflect the interest in "the natural"?
Q6) Chardin's Saying Grace exemplifies the French ____.
A) rejection of Rococo frivolity
B) interest in the natural
C) taste for sentimental narrative
D) all of these choices
Q7) How does this work express Neoclassicism? Page 13
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Q1) What does this painting represent?
Q2) The "sublime" inspired feelings of ____.
A) heroic action
B) sentimentality
C) awe mixed with terror
D) romantic love
Q3) What subjects did the Realists in the United States and Europe address in their art?
Q4) Explain the philosophy of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood.
Q5) What cultural style does this building reference?
Q6) Edmonia Lewis's Forever Free may refer to ____.
A) Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation
B) slaves thrown overboard from slaving ships
C) the 1776 Revolution in the United States
D) the U.S.Civil War
Q7) What was the Hudson River School? What was their purpose?
Q8) Compare Manet's Olympia and Millais's Ophelia for how each work represents the artist and his period.
Q9) What moral question was the artist raising in this image? Page 15
Q10) How does this work convey the Romantic attitude?
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Chapter 13: Impressionism, Post-Impressionism, and Symbolism,1870 to 1900
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Q1) The feature of Sullivan's Guaranty (Prudential)Building that distinguishes it from earlier structures was ____.
A) its use of cast iron structural supports
B) his use of modular construction
C) the reflection of the subdivision of the interior spaces in the outer structure
D) the elimination of decorative elements
Q2) Compare and contrast the formal,iconographic,and material characteristics of the sculpture of Bernini and Rodin.Use examples to support your essay.
Q3) Klimt's The Kiss conveys the flamboyance and decadence of the period by its ____.
A) formalism
B) opulent sensuousness
C) tonality
D) perspectival space
Q4) In what way do the ideals of Symbolism continue and amplify those of Romanticism? Use examples to support your essay.
Q5) What did Whistler mean when he used the term "arrangement" or "nocturne" in reference to his art?
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Chapter
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Q1) Which of the following is an example of Futurism?
A) Red Room
B) Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash
C) Still Life with Chair-Caning
D) The Steerage
Q2) Contrast these two pieces of sculpture,noting when and where each was done and what they have in common.
Q3) What is a mobile and who made them?
Q4) Who wrote,"What is real is not the external form but the essence of things."?
A) Picasso
B) Brancusi
C) Moore
D) Balla
Q5) Explain Regionalism.
Q6) Which Der Blaue Reiter artist found animals superior in beauty,strength,innocence,and naturalness?
A) Kandinsky
B) Kirchner
C) Beckmann
D) Marc
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Chapter 15: Modernism and Postmodernism in Europe and America, 1945
to 1980
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Q1) Frank Lloyd Wright described many of his buildings,such as the Guggenheim Museum,as ____.
A) inorganic
B) organic
C) minimalist
D) decadent
Q2) Compare and contrast the work of the gestural abstractionist to the color field painters.Use examples to support your answer.
Q3) What is meant by Minimalist Art?
Q4) Explain the Postmodern ideas found in the work of Jaune Quick-To-See Smith.How does this artist reflect the sociopolitical climate?
Q5) Although most late twentieth-century art addresses serious formal or thematic issues,some works incorporate whimsy,humor,or irony.Select three examples that reveal the lighter side of late twentieth-century art.Explain your selections.
Q6) What was the purpose of Judy Chicago's The Dinner Party?
Q7) Discuss the references made to craft in this work and what their significance is.
Q8) Describe Carolee Schneemann's "kinetic theatre".
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Chapter 16: Contemporary Art Worldwide
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Q1) Who is the figure in the center of this image and why is this significant?
Q2) ____ deals with the erosion of boundaries between high and popular culture.
A) Modernism
B) Postmodernism
C) Minimalism
D) Abstract Expressionism
Q3) Maya Lin's Vietnam War memorial is inscribed with:
A) the names of the American causalities from the war
B) the names of all military personnel who served in the war
C) the names of the American presidents who have served during a time of war
D) the names of the Vietnamese causalities from the war
Q4) Why was Rachel Whiteread's Holocaust Memorial so controversial?
Q5) Discuss the influence of Deconstruction on the field of architecture.Use examples to support your answer.
Q6) Compare and contrast the style of Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao with the Guggenheim Museum in New York.
Q7) What is Postmodernism?
Q8) How does Frank Gehry's Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao,Spain,embody the ideas of Deconstructivist architecture?
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Q9) Whose work does Jeff Koons' art recall?
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Chapter 17: South and Southeast Asia
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Q1) How did Akbar and the Elephant Hawai from the Akbarnama become a metaphor for Akbar's rule?
Q2) Who was the first Maurya ruler to erect monumental stone artworks in India?
A) Kanishka
B) Chandragupta
C) Jahangir
D) Ashoka
Q3) Compare and contrast Mughal painting and Buddhist painting.How are they different? How are they similar? How are they specific to the religious philosophies they represent? How is the iconography used to emphasize the religious doctrines and political environments? Use examples to support your essay.
Q4) Where is the Taj Mahal?
A) Agra
B) Bombay
C) Madurai
D) New Delhi
Q5) How does this work define the visual vocabulary of its period?
Q6) Discuss the iconography of Buddhism.What outside influences might have shaped the figural presentation of the Buddha? Use examples to support your essay.
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Chapter 18: China and Korea
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Q1) Why did many Chinese people refuse to serve the new emperor during the Yuan period?
A) not enough prestige attached to the new positions
B) fearful of reprisals from the Yuan if they served
C) the new overlords were foreigners and considered barbarian usurpers
D) public service was no longer satisfying
Q2) Who was Qin Shi Huangdi?
Q3) The phoenix may represent the yin,a principle characterized by which of the following?
A) active masculine energy
B) eternal change
C) harmonious disorder
D) passive feminine energy
Q4) China is credited with the invention of which of the following?
A) clay
B) terracotta
C) porcelain
D) earthenware
Q5) How does this image reflect the Song painting tradition?
Q6) How does this object define the visual vocabulary of its period?
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Chapter 19: Japan
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Q1) Who was Tori Busshi?
Q2) What is the tie between ukiyo-e and Buddhism?
Q3) How did Japanese literati differ from their Chinese counterparts?
Q4) What does the term hoboku mean?
A) pictures of the floating world
B) raindrop stroke
C) Rinpa painting
D) splashed-ink style
Q5) Evaluate the innovations in technique and composition found in the Tale of Genji.Consider the Japanese imperial court at this time.What influences can be seen? How did the court influence this work?
Q6) How does the Tale of Genji differ from its Chinese prototypes such as Gu Kaizhi's Admonitions scroll?
A) It focuses on lessons in exemplary behaviors
B) It focuses on imperial court etiquette as it relates to the Empress
C) It focuses on emotionally charged personal relationships
D) It focuses on diplomatic relations between China and Japan
Q7) Identify the style of this ceramic jar.
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Q8) Briefly describe the early years after Buddhism was introduced into Japanese society.
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Chapter 20: Native America
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Q1) Explain the ideas of sacrifice that lay behind this image.
Q2) What is the significance of thunderclouds and feathers on a Katsina mask?
Q3) What symbols are represented on this figure?
Q4) What is a kiva,and how does it function within the community?
Q5) What does the location of the Cliff Palace at Mesa Verde signify?
Q6) How did this artist energize the tradition of Southwest pottery making?
Q7) How does the stone disk of Coyolxauhqui become a political symbol for the Aztecs?
Q8) Why did most Plains people focus their artistic attention on clothing and other portable objects?
A) because they wanted to sell their goods to travelers
B) they believed monumental sculpture was a waste of resources
C) because they were nomadic
D) they wanted to wear symbols of their religious beliefs at all times
Q9) Murals found in the prehistoric pueblos of the Southwest most often depicted which of the following?
A) warriors and conquest
B) royal court ceremonies
C) coming-of-age ceremonies
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D) spirits associated with agricultural fertility
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Chapter 21: Africa
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Q1) Which examples of African art reveal interaction with Europeans?
Q2) Describe how the figure is represented and why this is significant.
Q3) Which of the following is a unique hybrid of African and European culture?
A) Nok head
B) Ife statue
C) Sapi saltcellar
D) Female Mask, Mende
Q4) What is the purpose of most African masquerades?
Q5) Why does the Kota reliquary have a shiny surface?
A) to reflect the spirits
B) to shine in the sun during processions
C) to repel evil
D) to attract animals
Q6) Attributing artworks to specific African artists is sometimes difficult because ____.
A) individual styles are very similar
B) many people worked on each piece
C) early researchers rarely asked for artists name
D) the artists are very secretive
Q7) How do photographs like this allow for a fuller appreciation of African art?
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