Survey of United States History
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Course Introduction
Survey of United States History provides an overview of the key political, social, economic, and cultural developments in the United States from pre-Columbian times to the present. This course explores major events, movements, and figures that have shaped the nation's identity, including colonization, the American Revolution, slavery and emancipation, industrialization, wars, civil rights struggles, and contemporary issues. Through a chronological and thematic approach, students gain a foundational understanding of the complexities and diverse perspectives that define American history.
Recommended Textbook
Created Equal A History of the United States Volume 1 5th Edition by Jacqueline Jones
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Page 2
Chapter 1: First Founders
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Q1) Upon arriving in the Caribbean, Columbus was convinced that __________.
A) he had discovered a new continent
B) the world had come to an end
C) he was in the Philippines
D) he was near the Asian mainland
Answer: D
Q2) __________ proved that a link existed between the Atlantic and Indian oceans.
A) Dias
B) Balboa
C) Columbus
D) Pizarro
Answer: A
Q3) Columbus __________.
A) argued that he could sail to Japan in roughly nine months
B) believed the world was larger than it actually is
C) believed the world was flat
D) accepted the ideas of Ptolemy
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: European Footholds in North America, 1600-1660
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Q1) Samuel de Champlain helped the French establish good relations with the
A) Iroquois
B) Huron
C) Ute
D) Sioux
Answer: B
Q2) Upon arriving in Boston, Roger Williams argued that __________.
A) Native Americans had no right to the land upon which they lived
B) Christianity was not the one true faith
C) the Anglican Church should be reformed, not renounced
D) civil authorities had no right to judge religious matters
Answer: D
Q3) __________ chartered the Virginia Company.
A) James I
B) Elizabeth I
C) Charles II
D) Charles I
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Controlling the Edges of the Continent, 1660-1715
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Q1) Under the terms of the Navigation Act of 1660, __________.
A) merchants could not conduct trade to or from the English colonies in foreign-owned ships
B) free trade was established throughout the English empire
C) emigration from England was limited to 1,000 people per year
D) England and the Netherlands entered into an economic alliance
Answer: A
Q2) Throughout Louis XIV's reign, his officials followed a set of policies known as
A) economic rationalism
B) pre-socialism
C) mercantilism
D) neo-capitalism
Answer: C
Q3) Louis XIV was known as the "__________."
A) Great King
B) Sun King
C) Golden King
D) Warrior King
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: African Enslavement: The Terrible Transformation
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Q1) Prior to turning to African slaves, English colonies used captured Native Americans and __________ as sources of cheap labor.
A) eastern Europeans
B) Asian migrants
C) prisoners of war
D) impoverished Europeans
Q2) What factors fueled the Stono Rebellion?
Q3) By 1750, African slaves made up 60 percent of the population of __________.
A) Virginia
B) Maryland
C) New Jersey
D) South Carolina
Q4) Slavery in South Carolina was closely patterned after slavery in __________.
A) Barbados and the Caribbean
B) Virginia and the Chesapeake
C) New Spain
D) Brazil
Q5) What role did African Americans play in Bacon's Rebellion?
Q6) How did Britain's participation in the Atlantic slave trade evolve from 1640 to the 1730s? Page 6
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Page 7
Chapter 5: Colonial Diversity, 1713-1763
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Q1) Unlike his father William Penn, Thomas Penn _____________.
A) was an idealist
B) owned slaves
C) abandoned his Quaker beliefs
D) cheated Indians out of their land
Q2) Almost all of the white, non-English newcomers were __________.
A) Protestant Christians
B) desperately poor
C) artisans and craftsmen
D) single men
Q3) Which of the following groups benefited the most from relative religious toleration in the British colonies?
A) French-speaking Catholic groups
B) Dutch-speaking Jewish groups
C) Spanish-speaking Catholic groups
D) German-speaking Protestant groups
Q4) Describe the impact of the introduction of horses and guns on the Comanche.
Q5) Discuss the development of the New England economy in the eighteenth century. Why did New Englanders increasingly turn to the sea for their livelihood?
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Chapter 6: The Limits of Imperial Control, 1763-1775
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Q1) In the view of many Whigs, the British government balanced the power of
A) landowners, merchants, and workers
B) the king, the Parliament, and the church
C) the monarchy, the church, and the merchants
D) the monarchy, the aristocracy, and the people
Q2) Pontiac's Uprising threatened __________ outposts in the Ohio Valley and Great Lakes region.
A) Dutch
B) French
C) British
D) Spanish
Q3) In February 1768, the __________ legislature petitioned the king for redress from oppressive Parliamentary measures.
A) South Carolina
B) New York
C) Massachusetts
D) Virginia
Q4) Who were the Regulators and what did they want?
Q5) Describe the steps that led to Spanish colonization of the California coast.
Page 9
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Chapter 7: Revolutionaries at War, 1775-1783
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Q1) How did Washington turn the tide of war in late 1776 and early 1777?
Q2) How did public pressure lead to the decision to issue the Declaration of Independence?
Q3) How did the alliance between France and America alter the course of the war?
Q4) _________'s Common Sense sold an amazing 120,000 copies in three months.
A) Thomas Jefferson
B) Benjamin Franklin
C) Patrick Henry
D) Thomas Paine
Q5) Which of the following European nations joined the American side?
A) Spain
B) Portugal
C) Ireland
D) Sardinia
Q6) Which of the following created the model for the constitution of Massachusetts?
A) Thomas Paine
B) Patrick Henry
C) John Adams
D) Samuel Adams
Q7) What common concerns shaped all of the new state constitutions?
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Chapter 8: New Beginnings: the 1780s
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Q1) What was the stated purpose of the Annapolis Convention?
A) to discuss Chesapeake trade
B) to discuss state boundary disputes
C) to discuss a new federal constitution
D) to discuss territorial organization in the Old Northwest
Q2) How did Washington respond to the threat of a military takeover of the American government?
A) He remained neutral and let his officers deal with Congress.
B) He used his personal leverage to force Congress to pay off his officers.
C) He persuaded his officers to work with Congress and secured a reasonable settlement.
D) He had General Gates arrested for treason.
Q3) The Northwest Ordinance __________.
A) reserved land for Indian tribes
B) accelerated the spread of slavery north of the Ohio River
C) divided the Northwest Territory into ten future states
D) benefited eastern land speculators
Q4) What was the Newburgh conspiracy and why is it important?
Q5) How did James Madison select the amendments that would become the Bill of Rights?
Page 11
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Chapter 9: Revolutionary Legacies, 1789-1803
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Q1) __________'s cotton gin gave a tremendous boost to the southern plantation economy.
A) Samuel Slater
B) Henry Court
C) Robert Fulton
D) Eli Whitney
Q2) Alexander Hamilton believed the Bank of the United States would __________.
A) undermine the power of the federal government
B) make the United States the most powerful country in the world
C) stimulate the economy
D) prove to be a disaster
Q3) Manumission was a process by which __________.
A) owners freed selected slaves
B) slaves gained free status after having run away
C) slavery was established in new territories
D) free blacks were enslaved
Q4) What led to the Louisiana Purchase? How did Jefferson reconcile the purchase with his own devotion to a strict interpretation of the Constitution?
Q5) Detail the impact of the new political and economic climate on northern blacks.
Page 12
Q6) What were the qualities of the ideal Republican mother?
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Chapter 10: Defending and Expanding the New Nation, 1804-1818
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Q1) Which of the following was true of the domestic slave trade in the first half of the nineteenth century?
A) It resulted in a forced migration of slaves from the Upper South to the Lower South.
B) It resulted in a forced migration of slaves from interior regions to the coast.
C) It resulted in a forced migration of slaves from western states to eastern states.
D) It resulted in a forced migration of slaves from the Lower South to the Upper South.
Q2) Pro-war Creek Indians were known as __________.
A) Red Sticks
B) War Hawks
C) Ghost Dancers
D) Prophets
Q3) Commodore Oliver H. Perry defeated a British fleet __________.
A) at Put-in-Bay on Lake Erie
B) off the coast of Nova Scotia
C) outside of the harbor at New Orleans
D) on the upper Mississippi River
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Chapter 11: Society and Politics in the Age of the Common
Man, 1819-1832
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Q1) __________ founded a female academy in Troy, New York, in 1821.
A) Catherine Beecher
B) Emma Willard
C) Elizabeth Cady Stanton
D) Peggy Eaton
Q2) Southerners called the tariff of __________ the "Tariff of Abominations."
A) 1832
B) 1828
C) 1824
D) 1820
Q3) Why was the question of Missouri's admission to the Union controversial? How was the controversy resolved?
Q4) Moses Austin played a key role in __________.
A) writing the Texas constitution
B) defeating hostile Indian peoples in Texas
C) spearheading American settlement in Texas
D) sparking the Mexican-American War
Q5) What led to the Panic of 1819? Why were western farmers particularly hard hit by the depression that followed?
Q6) What were the core values of early American Victorianism? Page 14
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Page 15
Chapter 12: Peoples in Motion, 1832-1848
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Q1) Which of the following was true of Dorothea Dix?
A) She got her start as reformer as a Sunday school teacher.
B) She was primarily interested in women's rights.
C) She brought the settlement house idea to America.
D) She was born in abject poverty.
Q2) In 1845 a potato blight in __________ led to mass migration to the United States.
A) Ireland
B) Germany
C) Scotland
D) France
Q3) Which of the following helps explain why the Mormons prospered in Utah?
A) They set up an effective irrigation system.
B) They found gold.
C) They sold supplies to other settlers.
D) They established textile factories.
Q4) Describe the development of the American antislavery movement in the 1830s.
Q5) What were the key issues in the election of 1844?
Q6) How did public education emerge and develop in the 1830s and 1840s?
Q7) Who were the nativists and why did they oppose immigration and immigrants?
Page 16
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Chapter 13: The Crisis Over Slavery, 1848-1860
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Q1) Tejanos were people of Mexican origin or descent living in __________.
A) Texas
B) California
C) Arizona
D) New Mexico
Q2) William Walker sought to __________.
A) set himself up as the president of Nicaragua
B) spark a slave uprising in Virginia
C) corner the world cotton market
D) assassinate President Polk
Q3) The first conference devoted to the status of __________ was held in 1848 at Seneca Falls, New York.
A) Native Americans
B) slaves
C) free blacks
D) women
Q4) What political divisions were revealed by the presidential election of 1860?
Q5) What challenges did Plains Indians face in the 1850s?
Q6) What did the Supreme Court decide in the Dred Scott case? What were the implications of the ruling?
Page 17
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Q1) From the beginning, the Confederates sought to __________.
A) capture Washington D.C.
B) fight a defensive war
C) blockade the North
D) take advantage of the South's larger population
Q2) Lee surrendered his sword to Union officers at __________.
A) Andersonville
B) Gettysburg
C) Appomattox Courthouse
D) Savannah
Q3) Where were the opening shots of the Civil War fired?
A) Charleston, South Carolina
B) Raleigh, North Carolina
C) Manassas, Virginia
D) Alexandria, Virginia
Q4) Prior to his election, Lincoln stated that he __________.
A) had no intention of disturbing slavery in the South
B) was determined to abolish slavery as quickly as possible
C) thought war with the South was inevitable
D) was willing to reconsider his stance on the expansion of slavery
Page 18
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Chapter
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Q1) Why did some Republicans want to annex the Dominican Republic?
A) They thought it would make a good naval base.
B) They wanted to use it as a penal colony.
C) They wanted to protect it from British colonization.
D) They hoped it could become a new state.
Q2) Republicans celebrated __________.
A) the right of all nations to self-determination
B) worker solidarity
C) regional diversity
D) the pursuit of individual economic self-interest
Q3) Roughly __________ southern soldiers died during the Civil War.
A) 1.2 million
B) 410,000
C) 260,000
D) 75,000
Q4) The Burlingame Treaty guaranteed government protection for __________.
A) Chinese immigrants
B) Irish laborers
C) Mexican Americans
D) Russian prospectors
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Q1) The Pendleton Act did which of the following?
A) banned Chinese immigration to the United States
B) outlawed polygamy and appointed a federal commission to supervise elections in Utah
C) resumed the coinage of silver
D) established a merit system for federal job applicants
Q2) Who invented the telephone?
A) Bell
B) Edison
C) Singer
D) Matzeliger
Q3) New York's Tammany Hall was headquarters for __________.
A) social reformers
B) the city's political machine
C) women's rights advocates
D) local labor unions
Q4) What is vertical integration? How did Andrew Carnegie apply it to his steel company?
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Q5) What role did urban machines play in late nineteenth-century American cities?
Chapter 17: Challenges to Government and Corporate
Power, 1877-1890
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Q1) How did Sitting Bull see the white way of life?
A) as almost comical in its stupidity
B) as superior to that of the Indian
C) as admirable in many ways
D) as materialist and sedentary
Q2) In 1885, white workers massacred twenty-eight Chinese after __________ announced they would begin hiring the lower-paid immigrants.
A) fruit growers
B) mining company officials
C) city leaders
D) railroad officials
Q3) Unlike the Southern Alliance, the Northern Alliance favored __________.
A) the expansion of the currency supply
B) the formation of a third political party
C) government ownership of the railroads
D) immigration quotas and restrictions
Q4) Describe the Alliance movement of the 1880s.
Q5) Describe Jane Addams's career as a social reformer.
Q6) What were the goals of the Knights of Labor in the 1880s?
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Chapter 18: Political and Cultural Conflict in a Decade of Depression
and War: the 1890s
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Q1) Which of the following was a consequence of the Pullman strike?
A) Railroad traffic ground a halt.
B) The nation faced a steel shortage.
C) Food prices skyrocketed.
D) Riots broke out in several American cities.
Q2) __________ was the author of Principles of Psychology.
A) Eric Fromm
B) William James
C) Sigmund Freud
D) william James
Q3) What led to the formation of the National American Woman Suffrage Association?
A) the merger of two women's suffrage associations
B) the split up of a major women's suffrage association
C) the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment
D) the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment
Q4) __________'s The Awakening prompted outrage among critics.
A) Stephen Crane
B) Henry James
C) Sigmund Freud
D) Kate Chopin
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Chapter
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Q1) Eugene Debs rose to fame as a result of which of the following?
A) his appointment by Theodore Roosevelt to a cabinet post
B) his arrest following the Haymarket bombing
C) his involvement in the Homestead strike
D) his involvement in the 1894 railroad strike
Q2) In the "Gentlemen's Agreement" of 1907, the __________ government agreed to limit the number of immigrants to the United States.
A) Japanese
B) Chinese
C) Mexican
D) Italian
Q3) Most Italian immigrants were __________.
A) Orthodox Christian
B) Lutheran
C) Methodist
D) Roman Catholic
Q4) How did Henry Ford revolutionize automobile production?
Q5) What explains the influx of Jewish immigrants between 1880 and 1920?
Page 23
Q6) What steps did Theodore Roosevelt take to protect and preserve America's natural world?
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Page 24
Chapter 20: War and Revolution, 1912-1920
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Q1) Which of the following was responsible for inspiring and maintaining public support for Wilson's war policies?
A) the Federal News Distribution Service
B) the Selective Service Administration
C) the Committee on Public Information
D) the War Labor Board
Q2) President Wilson's insistence on the right to __________ clashed with both British and German objectives.
A) trade with both sides
B) speak out against the war
C) remain out of the fighting
D) sink ships from both sides
Q3) Why did the Allied war effort in the east collapse in 1917?
A) Germany doubled the number of divisions on the eastern front.
B) Britain withdrew its troops from the eastern front.
C) The Austrians broke through the Russian lines.
D) The Russian czar was forced to abdicate.
Q4) What was the connection between European global expansion and the growing tensions between European powers?
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Chapter 21: All That Jazz: the 1920s
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Q1) Describe the Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s.
Q2) The Scopes trial centered on the __________.
A) role of the Klan in public life
B) publication of sexually explicit photographs
C) teaching of evolution in schools
D) enforcement of prohibition
Q3) Which of the following was the most mobile in the 1920s?
A) the professional classes
B) the middle classes
C) the wealthy
D) the poor
Q4) The political climate of the 1920s was hostile to __________.
A) consumerism
B) organized religion
C) unions
D) big business
Q5) Describe the case of Buck v. Bell. What issues were at stake?
Q6) How did advertising shape the consumer culture of the 1920s?
Q7) Explain the causes of the stock market crash. What role did the crash play in causing the Great Depression? What other factors were at play?
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Chapter 22: Hardship and Hope: the Great Depression of the 1930s
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Q1) Which of the following provided direct aid to needy people?
A) FERA
B) CCC
C) AAA
D) TVA
Q2) Italy, Germany, and Japan responded to the Depression by __________
A) increasing military spending
B) cutting all government programs
C) eliminating national debt
D) reducing the size of their armies
Q3) John Lewis helped found the __________.
A) International Workers of the World
B) Knights of Labor
C) Congress of Industrial Organizations
D) American Federation of Labor
Q4) Which of the following was true of the WPA?
A) It provided millions of jobs for the unemployed.
B) It was enormously unpopular.
C) It was struck down as unconstitutional in 1934.
D) It primarily benefited the wealthy.
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Chapter 23: Global Conflict: World War Ii, 1937-1945
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Q1) The war set off a large migration to __________.
A) Canada
B) northern industrial cities
C) the rural South
D) the mountain states
Q2) What was "Magic"?
A) a secret plan to invade Japan
B) an encoding and decoding process
C) the code name for the atomic bomb
D) the code name for improved radar systems
Q3) The genocidal murder of __________ Jews during World War II is known as the Holocaust.
A) 700,000
B) 2 million
C) 6 million
D) 20 million
Q4) What steps did the U.S. government take to build support for the war effort?
Q5) Discuss the opposition of the American public to intervention in Europe during the 1930s.
Q6) Describe the rise of Nazi Germany from the late 1920s to 1940.
Page 28
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Chapter 24: Cold War and Hot War, 1945-1953
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Q1) American's overriding fear at the end of the war was __________.
A) racial discord
B) a Soviet invasion
C) the return to economic hard times
D) falling population rates
Q2) Suburban life encouraged __________.
A) the promotion of spirituality over materialism
B) the liberalization of American society
C) the formation of interracial communities
D) a sharpening of gender roles
Q3) Following World War II, __________ gained its independence from Britain.
A) India
B) Algeria
C) the Philippines
D) Indonesia
Q4) Why did the American people fear a return to economic hard times after the war?
A) Western Europe was poised to compete with U.S. industry.
B) The U.S. population had fallen during the war.
C) Government spending was cut back sharply.
D) Most veterans had few job skills.
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Chapter 25: Domestic Dreams and Atomic Nightmares, 1953-1963
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Q1) Who benefited from the policies of the Federal Housing Administration in the 1950s?
A) black and Hispanic working-class families
B) the urban poor
C) the very wealthy
D) white middle-class families
Q2) In 1953, the CIA helped to overthrow the elected government in __________.
A) Egypt
B) Japan
C) Iran
D) Mexico
Q3) After World War II, the employment of married women __________.
A) fell sharply
B) continued to rise
C) became exceedingly rare
D) was celebrated in popular culture
Q4) Describe the key components of Kennedy's domestic policy agenda.
Q5) How did white Southerners respond to the Brown decision?
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Q6) Describe the most important developments in American foreign policy during the Eisenhower administration.
Chapter 26: The Nation Divides: the Vietnam War and Social Conflict, 1964-1971
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Q1) Vietnamese nationalists had sought since the 1930s to liberate their country from __________ colonial rule.
A) French
B) British
C) American
D) Japanese
Q2) The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution authorized U.S. military action in __________.
A) the Middle East
B) Central America
C) Vietnam
D) Korea
Q3) How did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 fulfill the implicit promise of Brown v. Board of Education?
A) It made desegregation the law of the land.
B) It created new education programs.
C) It affected Social Security payments.
D) It secured voting rights for all.
Q4) What steps did President Johnson take to combat poverty and discrimination?
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Q5) What did the slogan "black power" mean? How were the feelings behind the slogan expressed?
Chapter 27: Reconsidering National Priorities, 1972-1979
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Q1) Which of the following contributed to the reassertion of Congressional power?
A) defeat in Vietnam
B) the oil embargo
C) the election of Jimmy Carter
D) the Three Mile Island disaster
Q2) Title __________ of the Educational Amendments of 1972 required schools to spend comparable amounts on women's and men's sports programs.
A) IX
B) XII
C) XV
D) LV
Q3) Why did Nixon seek to improve U.S. relations with China?
Q4) The Supreme Court ruling in Roe v. Wade was rooted in __________.
A) constitutional privacy rights
B) two centuries of reproductive law
C) the protections offered by the First Amendment
D) the protections offered by the Third Amendment
Q5) How did Congress attempt to reassert its power over foreign policy in the 1970s?
Q6) Describe the emergence of the environmental movement in the 1970s.
Q7) Why did the American economy go into a prolonged decline in the 1970s?
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Q1) In 1981, Islamist revolutionaries assassinated __________ president Anwar Sadat.
A) Jordanian
B) Lebanese
C) Syrian
D) Egyptian
Q2) Which of the following helped justify the 1989 U.S. invasion of Panama?
A) Manuel Noriega's links to Cuba
B) Manuel Noriega's links to state-sponsored terrorism
C) Manuel Noriega's links to drug trafficking
D) Manuel Noriega's links to the Contras
Q3) Which of the following was true of the new immigrants of the 1970s and 1980s?
A) Most were highly educated.
B) Most came for political reasons.
C) Most came from Asia.
D) Most came with few financial resources.
Q4) Which of the following was true of the Reagan tax plan?
A) It benefited the poorest Americans the most.
B) It helped shrink the federal budget deficit.
C) It cut taxes on the wealthiest Americans.
D) It was paid for with cuts to military spending.
Page 33
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Chapter 29: Post-Cold War America, 1991-2000
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54 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The FBI faced fierce criticism for its raid on the Branch Davidian compound in
A) Waco, Texas
B) Chicago, Illinois
C) Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
D) Baton Rouge, Louisiana
Q2) Which of the following was true of the Clintons' efforts to pass health care reform?
A) Their efforts resulted in the implementation of several important reforms.
B) Their plan passed Congress, but was struck down by the Supreme Court.
C) Their plan failed to pass the Senate by a single vote.
D) Their efforts were abandoned after a year of hearings and no action by Congress.
Q3) The 1996 Welfare Reform Act __________.
A) abolished Aid to Families with Dependent Children
B) passed over President Clinton's veto
C) was strongly opposed by congressional Republicans
D) improved the lives of millions of poor Americans
Q4) How did Americans in the bottom half of the income ladder fare in the 1990s?
Q5) Why was the outcome of the 2000 presidential election so controversial?
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Chapter 30: A Global Nation in the New Millennium
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53 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following was true of African Americans in the early twenty-first century?
A) African Americans had achieved economic parity with their white counterparts.
B) Roughly one-third of African Americans were middle class.
C) Most African Americans lived in the rural South.
D) Most African Americans believed that racism was a thing of the past.
Q2) In the Citizens United decision, the Supreme Court ruled that the government could not restrict political expenditures by __________.
A) foreign countries
B) private individuals
C) corporations or unions
D) elected officials
Q3) Which of the following events changed President Bush's priorities and came to define his presidency?
A) the passage of No Child Left Behind
B) the 2007 financial crisis
C) Hurricane Katrina
D) the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks
Q4) Describe President Bush's domestic agenda in his first term.
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