Survey of Psychology Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
Survey of Psychology is an introductory course designed to provide students with a broad overview of the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. The course covers foundational topics such as the history of psychology, research methods, biological bases of behavior, sensation and perception, learning, memory, development, motivation, emotion, personality, psychological disorders, and treatment approaches. Emphasis is placed on understanding key theories, influential experiments, and current trends in psychology, as well as the application of psychological principles to everyday life. This survey aims to foster critical thinking and a deeper appreciation of human behavior from a scientific perspective.
Recommended Textbook
Psychology 10th Edition by Douglas Bernstein
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2378 Verified Questions
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Chapter 1: Introduction to the Science of Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) In research on depression,Dr.Calhoun has subjects keep track of their negative and pessimistic thoughts so those thoughts can be examined to determine how realistic they actually are.Dr.Calhoun is using a(n)____ approach.
A) humanistic
B) psychodynamic
C) cognitive
D) eclectic
Answer: C
Q2) Psychology is best defined as the ____.
A) search for the most successful mental health treatments.
B) use of scientific methods to examine human consciousness
C) study of the human experience from birth to old age
D) science of behavior and mental processes
Answer: D
Q3) In attempting to explain behavior,B.F.Skinner focused on ____.
A) internal motivational variables
B) self-image
C) childhood experiences
D) environmental stimuli
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Research in Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are reading about an experiment.What feature is necessary to give you confidence that there is a cause-effect relationship between the independent and dependent variables?
A) random assignment
B) case studies
C) random sampling
D) statistical significance
Answer: D
Q2) Kumar wants to do research using a survey about attitudes toward smoking.Kumar wants his sampling of respondents to be as representative as possible of the adult Ohio population.Kumar should ____.
A) randomly pick names from the latest Ohio census
B) take every thousandth name from phone books all over the state
C) survey all passersby in downtown areas of communities all over the state
D) put ads on TV stations around the state asking for volunteers
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Biological Aspects of Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bob is nine months old.Carol is nine years old.Ted is twenty-nine years old.Alice is ninety years old.Whose brain is most likely overproducing synapses?
A) Bob
B) Carol
C) Ted
D) Alice
Answer: A
Q2) Biological psychology is the study of the ____ factors that influence or cause behavior and mental processes.
A) physical and chemical
B) naturalistic
C) social and physical
D) cognitive
Answer: A
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception
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Q1) Kerri does not like light.In fact,she would prefer to see no light at all.She could accomplish this by removing the ____ from both of her eyes.
A) cornea
B) lens
C) retina
D) basilar membrane
Q2) Oscar is in a fight and he sees the image of a fist that expands so that it fills his retina.He realizes that the fist is coming at him,rather than growing in size,because of ____.
A) induced motion
B) eye convergence
C) looming
D) retinal disparity
Q3) Ophelia has two types of cones: those sensitive to red light and those sensitive to green light.Ophelia has ____.
A) total blindness
B) spot blindness
C) normal vision
D) colorblindness
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) To get her roommate to start cleaning her side of the room,Alisa starts complimenting her on the smallest efforts she makes to keep her side tidy.Alisa then withholds complimenting her roommate until she does more extensive cleaning tasks.This type of strategy is known as ____.
A) shaping
B) stimulus generalization
C) primary reinforcement
D) stimulus discrimination
Q2) The most critical component of skill learning is ____.
A) acquisition
B) guidance
C) practice
D) imagination
Q3) When administering punishment,it is least effective for the punishment to be ____.
A) salient and severe enough to eliminate the undesirable behavior
B) accompanied by the identification and reinforcement of alternative, acceptable behaviors
C) administered with some explanation for the punishment
D) delayed, allowing the child to reflect on her behavior prior to punishment
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Page 7
Chapter 5: Memory
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Q1) Buster is hungry for a Garcia's pizza.Because he is new in town,he doesn't have the number memorized.He looks up the number and repeats it to himself as he goes to the phone.This helps the number stay in Buster's ____ memory.
A) long-term
B) short-term
C) sensory
D) mnemonic
Q2) When an eyewitness to a robbery tries to identify the criminal from a lineup of suspects,he or she is engaging in which memory retrieval process?
A) Recall
B) Rehearsal
C) Recognition
D) Relearning
Q3) The effectiveness of retrieval cues depends on the extent to which they ____.
A) encourage the transfer of information from short-term to long-term memory
B) relate to information that was encoded at the time of original learning
C) invoke visual images
D) are context-specific
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8
Chapter 7: Thought and Language
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Sample Questions
Q1) Neuroimaging reveals how the brain functions during certain activities.As a child is exposed to a new puzzle toy,we can expect an increase in ____ involvement.After the puzzle becomes familiar to the child,involvement in the ____ will become highly active.
A) hypothalamus; parietal lobe
B) hippocampus; parietal lobe
C) frontal lobe; hypothalamus
D) frontal lobe; hippocampus
Q2) Jamie is alert when he sees Max prepare to serve the volleyball over the net.Jamie knows that Max is a skilled server who can drop the ball where he wants,regardless of the speed and loft he puts behind the ball.Knowing this,we can expect Jamie's reaction time to position himself for a return will be slower,mostly due to what factor?
A) expectancy
B) stimulus-response compatibility
C) complexity
D) confirmation bias
Q3) Explain the reasons that human decisions can be flawed and biased,thus leading to unsatisfactory outcomes.
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Chapter 8: Intelligence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sternberg's triarchic theory emphasizes three different types of intelligence.Which factor below is NOT one of the three types?
A) fluid
B) analytic
C) practical
D) creative
Q2) Individuals with outstanding ability in a narrowly defined skill provide evidence in support of the ____theory of intelligence.
A) triarchic
B) psychometric
C) fluid and crystallized
D) multiple intelligences
Q3) Alfred Binet developed his intelligence test to ____.
A) show that intelligence was inherited
B) show that intelligence was influenced by genetic and environmental factors
C) identify children who needed special-education programs
D) identify soldiers for certain military duties
Q4) Describe the four approaches to intelligence presented in the text.
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Chapter 9: Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dr.Huanca hypnotizes Travaughn and then tells him that from now on,whenever he feels the urge to smoke a cigarette,he will get up and get a glass of water instead.This instruction is an example of ____.
A) hypnotic induction
B) posthypnotic suggestion
C) symptom substitution
D) hypnotic replacement therapy
Q2) A sensory experience in the absence of the appropriate external stimuli is known as a(n)____.
A) delusion
B) obsession
C) hallucination
D) compulsion
Q3) Duncan is addicted to heroin and has to keep increasing his dosage to get the same effects.This effect of addiction is called ____.
A) psychoactive dependence
B) psychological independence
C) drug tolerance
D) habituation
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Motivation and Emotion
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Q1) You have written a paper on the topic of motivation for your psychology class.You decide to entitle the paper,"Motivation" and want to add a tag line to give more emphasis to the title.From the choices below,you decide the most fitting is: "____."
A) Motivation: Reasons behind people's thoughts and actions
B) Motivation: The thought processes in which people engage
C) Motivation: Actions that people are capable of performing
D) Motivation: The brain's role in emotion
Q2) Daniel has a new job.At his first meeting with his new co-workers,someone calls the boss the "old man." Daniel is not sure if this remark is meant as an insult or a joke,but when he sees the boss and the others all smiling and laughing he realizes that the remark was friendly kidding.Daniel's realization best illustrates ____.
A) Darwin's theory of emotion
B) social comparison
C) the facial feedback hypothesis
D) social referencing
Q3) List the characteristics of people who have high achievement motivation.Include some parenting characteristics that are important in the development of a person with high need for achievement.
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Chapter 11: Human Development
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Questions
Q1) Shaina starts crying because she thinks that her brother has disappeared,when in fact he just put on his Halloween mask.Piaget would say that Shaina is in the ____ stage and has not yet achieved ____.
A) sensorimotor; object permanence
B) sensorimotor; conservation
C) preoperational; object permanence
D) preoperational; conservation
Q2) Martina has just begun to be able to carry on discussions about hypothetical worlds and counterfactual possibilities.Martina has just ____.
A) entered the formal operational stage
B) resolved her identity crisis
C) learned to take the perspective of other people
D) entered the stage of postconventional moral reasoning
Q3) When little Augustus is given his first vitamin pill,he says,"Yea!!! Candy!!!!" According to Piaget,this is an example of ____.
A) assimilation
B) accommodation
C) egocentrism
D) object permanence
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Health, stress, and Coping
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Q1) Which individual is experiencing a stressor that falls in the life changes and strains category?
A) Ross, whose wife just had a baby
B) Rachel, who was just in a car accident
C) Monica, who spends two hours in traffic each day on her way to work
D) Chandler, who has to deal with an unfriendly co-worker every day
Q2) Eli grew up in an impoverished neighborhood and had friends who never went to school and ended up in prison.He finished high school while holding down a full-time job at night.He has put himself through college while working and caring for his ailing parents.Throughout the challenges,Eli always believes that things would work out for the best.Eli is displaying ____.
A) a self-serving bias
B) dispositional optimism
C) a Type A personality
D) the actor-observer bias
Q3) Describe the steps in a stress-coping program.
Q4) Describe five stages of readiness for changing health-related behaviors.
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Chapter 13: Personality
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Q1) Dr.Bialeschki believes that each person has an innate tendency toward growth and self-fulfillment.He believes that dysfunctions in personality result from dysfunctions in the perception of reality.Dr.Bialeschki takes a ____ approach to personality.
A) cognitive behavioral
B) humanistic psychology
C) psychodynamic
D) trait
Q2) Mookie is outgoing and sociable,seeks excitement,and loves a good time.According to Eysenck,Mookie's personality is a result of all of the following except ____.
A) his bodily reactions to stress
B) the sensitivity of his nervous system to environmental stimulation
C) his genetic and biological uniqueness
D) his level of self-efficacy
Q3) According to Freud,id functions are ____,while superego functions are ____.
A) innate; learned
B) sexual; aggressive
C) rational; irrational
D) based on the pleasure principle; based on the reality principle
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Chapter 14: Psychological Disorders
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Q1) Hunter began to develop antisocial behaviors around the age of nineteen and his symptoms appear to be worsening.Hunter's uncle visits a community center to learn more about the causes of antisocial personality disorder and learns that one factor that is not contributing to Hunter's behavior is ____.
A) impulsivity
B) an increased sensitivity to punishment
C) lack of good parental role models
D) deficits in his ability to encode, recall, and respond to emotional subject matter
Q2) The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)has organized an initiative to focus on ____ that rather than diagnostic labels in order to increase diagnostic validity.
A) individual strengths
B) genetic predisposition
C) unconscious processes
D) observable behaviors
Q3) What are some of the causes of depressive disorders?
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Chapter 15: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
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Q1) William,Ellen,Marie,and Paul are all depressed and see different therapists with different orientations.William sees a behavioral therapist; Ellen,a psychoanalytic therapist; Marie,a cognitive behavior therapist; and Paul,a humanistic therapist.Based on the current evidence on outcomes of psychotherapeutic approaches,who is most likely to improve in therapy?
A) William
B) Ellen
C) No one, because all therapies are equally ineffective.
D) Uncertain, because there are no major and consistent differences in superiority of any approach for treating major depressive disorder.
Q2) Serdar is interested in psychopathology and wants to go to graduate school and get a doctoral degree in psychology.His choice would most likely lead him toward a career as a ____.
A) clinical social worker
B) psychiatrist
C) substance abuse counselor
D) clinical psychologist
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Chapter 16: Social Psychology
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Q1) Mildred has fallen and she can't get up! Which factor will not increase the likelihood that Janet,a passer-by,will help?
A) There are many other witnesses nearby.
B) It is obvious that Mildred is badly injured.
C) Janet is familiar with the area.
D) Mildred is very attractive.
Q2) Bauer and McKinley elementary schools are involved in a canned food drive to see which school donates the most cans to a local homeless shelter.Alan,a student at Bauer elementary,says,"All the kids at McKinley elementary are just donating so they can win the contest.We're donating to help feed the homeless!" Alan's comment demonstrates
A) cognitive dissonance
B) unrealistic optimism
C) actor-observer effect
D) the ultimate attribution error
Q3) When you are in a restaurant,you probably will not belch because of social ____.
A) facilitation
B) interference
C) attribution
D) norms
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Chapter 17: Industrial and Organizational Psychology
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Q1) To reduce the risk of repetitive strain injury,such as carpel tunnel syndrome,employers may consult with an expert in the field of ____ psychology to ensure that equipment and work stations are designed properly for long-term use.
A) industrial and organizational
B) environmental
C) biological
D) engineering
Q2) The existence,relatedness,growth (ERG)theory holds that ____.
A) relatedness needs must be satisfied before growth needs are addressed
B) growth needs center around the need for social contact in all forms
C) a person will be motivated to pursue other needs if one need is fulfilled or frustrated
D) growth needs are more concrete than relatedness needs
Q3) Who would not be considered a member of a restaurant's dinner shift work team?
A) The busboy
B) The chef
C) The produce delivery person
D) The server
Q4) Discuss the personal and environmental factors that can affect job satisfaction.
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Page 19
Chapter 18: Neuropsychology
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Q1) Traumatic brain injury is particularly damaging because the brain is not firmly attached to the skull.Rather,it floats in a bath of ____.Therefore,head trauma causes the brain to move,which can ____.
A) pleural fluid; rupture the blood-brain barrier
B) pleural fluid; tear nerve fibers
C) cerebrospinal fluid; rupture the blood-brain barrier
D) cerebrospinal fluid; tear nerve fibers
Q2) As a clinical neuropsychologist,Jasper meets with a lot of patients who have various disorders.Jasper finds that it is difficult to test people with delirium,mostly because ____.
A) their distracted attention makes them uncooperative
B) they are in a persistent vegetative state
C) their memories have been impaired
D) they are partially paralyzed and do not know it
Q3) Yasuo has damaged his reticular formation.He is most likely to develop ____.
A) alexia without agraphia
B) phonemic but not semantic paraphasias
C) mild cognitive impairment
D) a persistent vegetative state
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Appendix A: Statistics in Psychological Research
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Q1) Ocean inherited genes that raise the risk of her developing bipolar disorder.She lives a relatively stress-free life,however,and shows no symptoms of the disorder.The risk is part of Ocean's ____,and the normal behavior is part of Ocean's ____.
A) phenotype; genotype
B) phenotype; phenotype
C) genotype; phenotype
D) genotype; genotype
Q2) If speaking with an Australian accent is controlled by a recessive gene,which combination would result in someone who speaks with an Australian accent?
A) recessive-recessive
B) dominant-recessive
C) dominant-dominant
D) recessive-recessive and dominant-recessive
Q3) Billy and Jimmy are identical twins.As they grow older,____.
A) their IQ scores are most likely to become more similar
B) their IQ scores are most likely to stay exactly equal to one another
C) no one can predict how their IQ scores are likely to change
D) their IQ scores are most likely to become less similar
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Chapter 20: Appendix B: Behavioral Genetics
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Q1) Dorothea conducts a survey to find out how many national parks people have visited in the past two years.She polls twenty people and finds that ten people have visited no national parks; five people have visited one national park; four people have visited two national parks; and one person has visited twenty national parks.Which measure of central tendency should Dorothea use to provide the most accurate picture of her data?
A) Mean
B) Median
C) Mode
D) Standard deviation
Q2) As a researcher,you are interested in how the scores in your data set are dispersed.Specifically,you want to know the average difference between each score and the mean.You would find out this information by looking at the ____.
A) range
B) variance
C) standard deviation
D) correlation coefficient
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