Survey of Programming Languages
Mock Exam
Course Introduction
This course provides an overview of programming languages, exploring their history, design philosophies, and practical usage. Students will examine the major paradigms procedural, object-oriented, functional, and logic programming by reviewing representative languages such as C, Java, Python, Haskell, and Prolog. The course focuses on comparing syntax, semantics, data structures, and control structures, as well as considering factors like readability, maintainability, and efficiency. Emphasis is placed on understanding how language choice influences software development and problem-solving approaches, preparing students for further study and adaptation in a rapidly changing technological landscape.
Recommended Textbook
Programming Languages Principles and Practices 3rd Edition by Kenneth C. Louden
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13 Chapters
651 Verified Questions
651 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lisp is based on the ____ model of computation.
A) functional
B) imperative
C) semantic
D) interpretive
Answer: A
Q2) The primary feature of an imperative language is a sequence of statements that represent commands.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
Q3) An abstraction is a way of expressing ideas that make them concise,simple,and easy for the human mind to grasp.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Machine code was considered to be the first software.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Language Design Criteria
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is most closely related to reliability?
A) Generality
B) Regularity
C) Security
D) Uniformity
Answer: C
Q2) The irregularities of primitive types and reference types in Java is the result of the designer's concern with ____.
A) efficiency
B) orthogonality
C) regularity
D) generality
Answer: A
Q3) FORTRAN's designers attempted to improve the readability of programs by making the constructs look like ordinary written English.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Functional Programming
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about Scheme is correct?
A) Scheme function applications use pass by value, while special forms in Scheme use delayed evaluation.
B) Scheme function applications use pass by name, while special forms in Scheme use delayed evaluation.
C) Scheme special forms use pass by value, while function applications in Scheme use delayed evaluation.
D) Scheme special forms use pass by value, while function applications in Scheme use delayed evaluation
Answer: A
Q2) The semantics of Scheme uses static type checking.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The ML programming language has a built-in list reverse function called rev. A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Logic Programming
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Prolog,you can specify the head and tail of a list using a backslash.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The statements a b and b c then a c are an example of a typical inference rule.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In the Horn clause a and a and a b,the variable b is called the ____.
A) head
B) body
C) tail
D) fact
Q4) Logical statements can be either true or false.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The process of unification can be used to shorten clauses.
A)True
B)False
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Object-Oriented Programming
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Q1) ____ is an important need satisfied by object-oriented programming.
A) Rapid prototyping
B) Program component dependence
C) Abstract data typing
D) Independence of software components
Q2) The history of object-oriented programming languages begins in the 1960s with the Simula project.
A)True
B)False
Q3) To avoid repeated inheritance,one must ____.
A) declare the inheritance using the virtual keyword
B) declare the inheritance using the shared keyword
C) use a private inner class
D) use an inherited function
Q4) C++ member functions that are given implementations in a class declaration are automatically assumed to be inline.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Syntax
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Sample Questions
Q1) ____ languages require all tokens to occur in prespecified locations on the page.
A) Free-format
B) Precise-format
C) Fixed-format
D) Specified-format
Q2) ____ are symbols used to distinguish between parts of a rule.
A) Distinguishers
B) Identifiers
C) Metasymbols
D) Abstract characters
Q3) A context-free grammar consists of a series of ____.
A) grammar rules
B) positional rules
C) semantic rules
D) algebraic expressions
Q4) Reserved words,or keywords,are not considered to be a typical token category.
A)True
B)False
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Basic Semantics
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Q1) Garbage is defined as ____.
A) a collection of unused constants
B) a collection of unused variables
C) variables with duplicate values
D) memory that has been allocated in the environment but that has become inaccessible to the program
Q2) Java uses assignment by cloning for all object variables.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The ____ is the level number and offset of a declared name.
A) lexical address
B) block address
C) compound address
D) explicit address
Q4) Binding time refers to when an attribute is computed and bound to a name.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The lifetime of an object is the duration of its allocation in the environment.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Data Types
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Sample Questions
Q1) Type ____ algorithms determine if two separately declared types are the same.
A) inference
B) equivalence
C) comparison
D) enforcing
Q2) Each type descriptor includes a field called a type form to identify the category of the data type.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Static type checking occurs at runtime.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A union is considered to be discriminated if a tag is added to the union to distinguish the type of the element.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Ada is a language with no explicit types.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Control I - Expressions and Statements
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lisp requires all expressions to be fully parenthesized.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Alan Turing introduced the guarded if statement.
A)True
B)False
Q3) If control resumes at the point where the exception was first raised,the ____ model is being used.
A) resumption
B) redemption
C) termination
D) recovery
Q4) The most closely nested rule is used to disambiguate ____.
A) nonlocal variable references
B) parameter references
C) if statements
D) function calls
Q5) To exit a loop completely,the continue statement is used.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Control II - Procedures and Environments
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Q1) Another name for activation record is stack record.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Historically,the interpretation of pass by name arguments as functions to be evaluated was expressed by referring to them as ____.
A) chunks
B) objects
C) thunks
D) expressions
Q3) A procedure communicates with its calling environment through ____.
A) parameters
B) local variables
C) constants
D) shared memory
Q4) ____ are known as actual parameters.
A) Arguments
B) Global variables
C) Control statements
D) Normal parameters
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Chapter 11: Abstract Data Types and Modules
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Q1) In a language-independent specification of a data type in which the signature depends on another type,we say that it ____ the other type.
A) loads
B) imports
C) borrows from
D) inherits
Q2) In the example of a complex number data type presented in the textbook,the properties of the complex data type can be ____ from those of the real data type by stating properties of the operations.
A) inferred
B) implied
C) derived
D) assumed
Q3) A set and operations that meet the algebraic specification of an abstract data type are a(n)____ for the specification.
A) example
B) model
C) prototype
D) abstract
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Formal Semantics
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Q1) The weakest precondition of a series of statements is the composition of the weakest preconditions of its parts.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Assertions about the situation just before execution are called ____.
A) preconditions
B) postconditions
C) executable assertions
D) requirements
Q3) A(n)____ specification allows us to construct a language interpreter directly from a formal specification.
A) abstract
B) executable
C) reduction
D) inference
Q4) In the sample small language presented in Chapter 12,the sets Program and Expression is an example of a syntactic domain.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Parallel Programming
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Q1) Threads can be an efficient mechanism for coarse-grained parallelism in the shared memory model.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The idea of parallel processing has only been around since the 1980s.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Java threads exhibit fork-join parallelism.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A ____ executes a particular sequence of instructions independently,while sharing all memory and other resources with its parent program.
A) thread
B) shared process
C) job
D) batch
Q5) Program-level parallelism provides fine-grained control over processes.
A)True
B)False
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