Survey of European History Question Bank
Course Introduction
Survey of European History provides students with an overview of the major political, social, economic, and cultural developments from ancient times to the present across the European continent. The course explores key events such as the rise and fall of empires, the impact of the Renaissance and Enlightenment, the transformations of the Industrial Revolution, nationalism, world wars, and European integration. Emphasis is placed on understanding the complexities of European societies, the diversity of experiences among different regions and peoples, and the legacy of Europe on the global stage.
Recommended Textbook
Making Europe The Story of the West 2nd Edition by Frank L.
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Page 2
Kidner
Chapter 1: The Origins of Western Civilization in the Ancient
Near East,3000-1200 BCE
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Q1) The varied uses of bronze as a new metal technology were applied to all of the following except
A) jewelry and weapons.
B) household items.
C) farm implements.
D) all of these.
E) b and c.
Answer: E
Q2) Which term best describes Sumerian social organization?
A) hierarchical
B) matriarchal
C) patriarchal
D) oligarchical
E) monarchical
Answer: A
Q3) Sargon defeated the Hyksos.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 3
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Q1) Early Assyrians settled around which river?
A) Tigris
B) Euphrates
C) Nile
D) Jordan
E) Rubicon
Answer: A
Q2) Prophets derived leadership status by their ability to converse with God.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) As a tactic of controlling conquered populations,the Assyrians used deportation of mass numbers of people.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) The strongest support for conservative monotheism was in Judah.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter
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Q1) Who was the interested third party who provided financial assistance to the Spartan side during the Peloponnesian War?
A) the Sicilians
B) the Persians
C) the Corinthians
D) the Romans
E) the Ionians
Answer: B
Q2) The person who brought true democracy to Athens was
A) Solon.
B) Lycurgus.
C) Peisistratus.
D) Cleisthenes.
E) Draco.
Answer: D
Q3) Greek women could inherit property.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: From Polis To Cosmopolis: The Hellenistic
World,387-30 BCE
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Q1) All of the following methods were utilized by Antiochus IV Epiphanes to promote Hellenism except
A) he forbid the practice of circumcision.
B) he forbid studying the Torah.
C) he did not allow observation of the Jewish Sabbath.
D) he defiled the Hebrew temple by requiring ritualized prostitution and slaughter of pigs.
E) he embraced Christianity as a new sect within Judaism.
Q2) The next area Alexander reportedly wanted to conquer was A) India. B) Rome.
C) Arabia. D) Russia. E) Africa.
Q3) What were the reasons for the failure of the Alexandrian Empire and the success of the Hellenistic world?
Q4) Greek science included a steam engine. A)True B)False
Q5) What measures did Alexander take to try and create a unified empire?
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Chapter 5: The Rise of Rome,753-27 BCE
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Q1) The two powers held by early Roman kings were
A) taxation and dispensing justice.
B) declaring war and dividing the spoils.
C) consulting the gods and leading the army.
D) issuing death sentences and taking a census.
E) None of these.
Q2) The primary reason for Rome's wars in the third century B.C.E.was
A) conquest of provinces for resources.
B) conquest of provinces for annexation of territory.
C) to weaken potential enemies
D) obtain monopolies of trade in the Mediterranean.
E) spread the religion of Jupiter the Best and Greatest.
Q3) The Etruscans brought the Romans all of the following except
A) constructed roads.
B) stone buildings.
C) new professions like pottery making.
D) religious practices.
E) law.
Q4) Why was life better for women in Rome than in Greece?
Q5) Why is the second of the Punic Wars considered an epic?
Page 7
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Q1) Christianity prospered in urban areas for all of these reasons except
A) There was a large enough population to find converts.
B) There were diverse peoples who were dissatisfied with Roman religion.
C) There were Jewish communities who were predisposed to conversion.
D) It was easier to hide covert religious activities in more populous areas.
E) There was significant anti-Semitism in the more rural areas.
Q2) What was the political compromise made by Augustus in 23 B.C.E.?
A) He stopped dominating the position of consul, becoming a proconsul and tribune instead.
B) He voluntarily relinquished his option of veto in the Senate.
C) He agreed to maintain control of the legions only in Spain, Gaul, and Syria, and allowed the senate control of all others.
D) He purposely refused the title of praetor to alleviate the worries of senators that he would become like Sulla.
E) He offered to resign from all offices since he had stabilized the Republic.
Q3) What were the major contributors to the weakening of the Roman Empire?
Q4) Pontius Pilate sentenced Jesus to death in his capacity as Roman prefect.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Late Antiquity,284-527
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Q1) Mithraism shared many similarities with Christianity except A) baptism.
B) the December 25 birthday of both religions' leaders.
C) a strong moral code.
D) the exclusion of women.
E) community meals.
Q2) Romulus Augustulus was removed from the western throne in 476 by A) Alaric.
B) Attila.
C) Odovacar.
D) Theodoric.
E) Arthur.
Q3) Among the preparations for Judgment day,many Christians underwent A) partaking of the Eucharist.
B) forsaking sexual activity.
C) circumcision.
D) a second conversion.
E) ascetic trials.
Q4) How did paganism differ from Christianity in late antiquity?
Q5) What relationship did Mithraism have with Christianity?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: The Eastern Mediterranean,500-1000
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Q1) After Justinian's death,the territory of Italy was reconquered by the A) Ostrogoths.
B) Vandals.
C) Lombards.
D) Dacians.
E) Seljuks.
Q2) Mohammad's journey from Mecca to Medina in 622 is known as the A) Hajj.
B) Hejira.
C) Zakat.
D) Ramadan.
E) Kabaa.
Q3) In Justinian's attempts to strengthen the church,in which he considered his power co-equal,he persecuted all of the following except the A) Monophysites.
B) Nicenes.
C) Jews.
D) Neoplatonics
E) pagans.
Q4) What role did Christianity play in Rus?
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Chapter
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Q1) What commonalities did "successful" cities share that allowed them to survive the economic shifts during this period?
Q2) What was the intention of the Rule of Saint Benedict?
A) To emphasize physical labor, which would emulate the early desert fathers.
B) To give structure to the day of a monk.
C) To require loyalty and submission to the pope of all monks.
D) To establish a hierarchy within monasticism regarding social ranking.
E) To provide a manual on how to perform liturgical rites.
Q3) Serfs paid their rent primarily
A) with labor.
B) with cash.
C) with goods, or kind.
D) by putting their children into the workforce.
E) None of these.
Q4) The monastery of Luxeuil,founded by Columbanus,was significant for being
A) a spiritual sanctuary for women.
B) the seat of the Archbishop of Paris.
C) the location of the Papacy.
D) a renowned center of learning.
E) a target for Viking raids.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: The High Middle Ages,1000-1300
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Q1) All of the following were effects of the Crusades except
A) raising hostility with the Muslim world.
B) re-opening long distance trade to Western Europe.
C) stimulation of banking techniques
D) growth of literacy
E) legitimating violence against non-Christians.
Q2) In the twelfth century,most of the slaves sold by Christian merchants were from the Black Sea area.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Pope Urban II's call for the Crusades was spread throughout Europe by A) papal decree.
B) monks.
C) knights.
D) royal messengers.
E) troubadors.
Q4) Why did the church see a need for reform from within its own ranks? What was the major problem it faced?
Q5) Discuss the formation of the new monastic orders in the Middle Ages,and how the church dealt with this issue.
12
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Chapter 11: Reversals and Disasters,1300-1450
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Q1) The Hanseatic League was a collection of Italian merchant guilds which controlled trade through Western Europe.
A)True B)False
Q2) In 1492,Jews known as the Sephardim were expelled from A) Spain.
B) England.
C) the Ottoman Empire.
D) the Holy Roman Empire.
E) Poland.
Q3) All of the following were established at the Council of Basel except A) the principle of papal infallibility.
B) canons set limits on the pope's finances.
C) councils reserved the right to hear appeals against papal decisions.
D) all seven sacraments were affirmed.
E) official church doctrine held that the pope stands in relation to councils as the intellect relates to the soul.
Q4) Jan Hus was a theologian at Oxford and founder of the Lollards. A)True B)False
13
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Chapter 12: The Renaissance in Italy and Northern
Europe,1350-1550
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Q1) Why was Emmanuel Chrysoloras important to the Italian Renaissance?
A) He wrote The Prince.
B) He reintroduced Greek scientific works to the West.
C) He translated the New Testament from Greek.
D) He brought the political writings of Cicero to the Florentines.
E) He introduced the artistic technique of perspective to painters from the East.
Q2) One of the most popular forms of literature in England was
A) Petrarchian sonnets.
B) Arthurian legends.
C) utopianism.
D) Christian humanist debates.
E) None of these.
Q3) A northern European artwork contained in manuscripts is found in what form?
A) illuminations within Bibles
B) calendars with Saint's days
C) ornate designs of geometric figures inspired by Arabic artwork
D) symbolism within family portraits
E) None of these.
Q4) Trace the shift in dynastic politics in England in the fifteenth century.
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Chapter 13: Europes Age of Expansion, 1450 1550
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Q1) Henry VIII of England sought to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon because he wanted to overthrow Catholicism in England.
A)True
B)False
Q2) One of the significant characteristics of Russia,which differed dramatically from the West,was Ivan III's use of
A) permanent legalized serfdom.
B) an aggressive tax campaign that exhausted the financial resources of his subjects.
C) tying peasants to the land to force landlords to stay where they were rather than move to the frontier.
D) creating a standing army in exchange for land after twenty-five years of service.
E) creating a permanent military servitor class.
Q3) In the fifteenth century,the amount of Crown lands held by the king of France nearly doubled.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How did Europeans justify the use of African and Indian slavery?
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Chapter
14: Reform in the Western Church,1490-1570
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Q1) Analyze the intentions and effects of the missionary movement overseas within the Catholic Church.
Q2) The final conflict of the Münster Anabaptists in 1535 was provoked by A) polygamy.
B) banning money.
C) declaring all real estate common property.
D) executions of non-Anabaptists.
E) calling Münster New Jerusalem.
Q3) The four major points that separated Martin Luther from the Catholic Church included his opinions on all of these except A) salvation through faith alone.
B) the priesthood of all believers.
C) the necessity of sacraments.
D) the role of the pope.
E) the authority of the Bible.
Q4) Strong Popes of the late fifteenth century were able to challenge conciliarism's position that Councils had more authority than Popes.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: A Century of Crisis,1550-1650
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Q1) The majority of witchcraft trials were held in A) the Holy Roman Empire.
B) England.
C) France.
D) Spain.
E) Russia.
Q2) Religious wars in the seventeenth century were experienced in all of Europe except A) England.
B) France.
C) Germany.
D) the Dutch Republic.
E) All of these experienced religious wars.
Q3) The majority of the accused in witchcraft trials were older,single women.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What problems did the Stuart kings in England face in implementing absolutism,compared to rulers in France?
Q5) Analyze the causes of the English civil war.Why was it ultimately resolved with the restoration?
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Chapter 16: State-Building and the European State
System,1648-1789
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Q1) Analyze the results of the revocation of the Edict of Nantes.
Q2) Analyze the reforms attempted by Empress Maria Theresa of Austria.
Q3) What type of venue was the salon in France?
A) A chamber in the palace of Versailles in which petitions were presented to the king.
B) A convocation of parlements to provide status updates.
C) A social gathering presided over by well-born women for discussion of current events and interests.
D) A school for diplomats.
E) The administrative offices of the centralized state bureaucracy under Louis XIV.
Q4) King Frederick William I was a Calvinist and an absolutist.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Sir Robert Walpole declined the offer to a seat in the House of Lords.
A)True
B)False
Q6) How was the sense of collective identity in France established and retained?
Q7) Why did the Austrian Habsburgs fail to implement absolutism as the French had done?
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Chapter 17: The Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment,1550-1790
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Q1) The venues where men could interact socially in a more inclusive environment were A) taverns.
B) Masonic lodges.
C) gentlemen's clubs.
D) athletic events.
E) coffeehouses.
Q2) Johannes Kepler is credited with which discovery?
A) He discovered that bodies orbited the sun in an elliptical motion.
B) He discovered that there was no such thing as retrograde motion in planetary orbits.
C) He invented the telescope.
D) He discovered a new star and he proved that the universe was constantly changing.
E) He discovered that the earth was smaller than Jupiter.
Q3) How did the philosophes reconcile their ideas about human equality with institutions such as slavery and the disruption of indigenous peoples?
Q4) How did literacy change in the eighteenth century? What audiences were targeted and why?
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Chapter
18: Trade and Empire,1700-1800
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Q1) Other than cotton,all of the following products were extremely lucrative exports from the American colonies to Britain except A) rice.
B) indigo.
C) beaver pelts.
D) tobacco.
E) silk.
Q2) The economist who criticized mercantilism in The Wealth of Nations was
A) David Hume.
B) Jeremy Bentham.
C) Thomas Hobbes.
D) Adam Smith.
E) Cesare Beccerria.
Q3) Population growth was inhibited by the European fear to take regular baths in the eighteenth century.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain the transition in economists' thinking in the eighteenth century that challenged the traditional notions of a state-centered economy.
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Chapter 19: Revolutionary France and Napoleonic
Europe,1775-1815
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Q1) In order to compromise regarding citizenship,the Assembly classified whom as "active" citizens?
A) members of the sans culottes
B) men and women over the age of 25
C) all men over age 25
D) men who owned or controlled property
E) men who were employed
Q2) Analyze the role played by women in the French Revolution.What benefits,if any,were achieved?
Q3) Which groups under Napoleon did not have freedom to worship their chosen religion?
A) Protestants
B) Catholics
C) Jews
D) Protestants, Jews, and Catholics
E) Napoleon allowed all of these groups to practice their chosen religion.
Q4) What preconditions existed in France that provoked revolution in 1789?
Q5) What were the principal points dividing the Mountain and the Girondins in the radical phase of the Revolution?
Q6) What were the effects of the Napoleonic Code? Page 21
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Chapter 20: Restoration and Reform: Conservative and Liberal Europe,1814-1847
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Q1) What territorial dispute posed the greatest controversy at the Congress of Vienna?
A) England's possession of the Straits of Gibralter
B) The division of Poland and its relationship to Russia
C) The creation of the autonomous kingdoms in northern Italy
D) Who would maintain control of the throne of Spain
E) Whether Austria should be awarded complete control of Hungary
Q2) A defining trait of Romanticism's philosophy and politics can be described as
A) nihilistic.
B) humanistic.
C) atheistic.
D) utopian.
E) ambivalent.
Q3) Johann Herder argued that German unification relied upon a singular,common culture and language.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How was Russia's transformation to participate in European politics met with the social realms of Russian society?
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Q5) By nineteenth-century standards,why was the French Revolution seen as a failure?
Chapter 21: Industrialization and Society,1800-1850
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Q1) Why was eastern Europe significantly slower to implement industrialization than western Europe? How did this affect the social classes and economy?
Q2) The Communist Manifesto
A) was a guidebook on how to form workers' unions to become enfranchised.
B) inspired the revolutions of 1848.
C) argued for the historical inevitability of class struggles resulting in revolution. D) required that workers obtain the right to vote and change society.
E) was none of these.
Q3) Social mobility within the middle classes was most often found through A) education.
B) work experience.
C) risk taking in business.
D) religious cohorts.
E) self-help organizations.
Q4) What was different about the ideas proposed by socialism and communism?
Q5) What were the positive aspects of industrialization? How did industrialization affect people's lives and change them for the better?
Q6) What role did women play in middle class society?
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Chapter 22: The Triumph of the Nation-State,1848-1900
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Q1) The violent uprisings in Paris in 1848 were known as the
A) June Days.
B) Second Revolution.
C) Thermidorean reaction.
D) Second Empire.
E) Fronde
Q2) Theodor Herzl brought public notice onto the anti-Semitic pogroms happening in Russia in the late nineteenth century.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Russian was the primary language of instruction in Polish schools in the nineteenth century.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Bismarck's Kulturkampf movement was a failure.
A)True
B)False
Q5) In exploring the cultures of anti-Semitism in nineteenth century Europe,why did Theodor Herzl initiate the Zionist movement?
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Chapter 23: The Culture of Industrial Europe,1850-1914
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Q1) Analyze the effects of the changes in transportation in the nineteenth century.
Q2) Among Louis Pasteur's contributions to the field of public health were
A) heating drinks to kill microbacteria.
B) developing vaccines.
C) promoting standards of hygiene to reduce illness.
D) using sterilization to reduce infections in hospitals and surgery.
E) all of these.
Q3) The Panama Canal connected which areas?
A) North and South America
B) The Pacific and Atlantic Oceans
C) The Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean
D) The Indian and Pacific Oceans.
E) Africa and Europe.
Q4) The sociologist Max Weber argued that many political leaders were successful in commanding respect and power because of what attribute?
A) nationalism
B) ethnic pride
C) charisma
D) personal wealth
E) flexible ethics
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Chapter 24: The Age of Imperialism,1870-1914
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Q1) The product that allowed Europeans to advance into Africa's interior without fear of contracting malaria was
A) penicillin.
B) aspirin.
C) quinine.
D) gin.
E) gyoba berries.
Q2) The foothold that France gained in Indochina was started by
A) local rulers protesting the French monopolization of the European trade.
B) Napoleon III's intervention after the rejection of French missionaries.
C) French commercial interests in silk.
D) protests against French education systems imposed on native children.
E) none of these.
Q3) The common language in India under the Raj was English.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Compare the arguments of Hobson and Lenin on the effects of capitalism and imperialism.
Q5) Why did Bismarck call the Berlin Conference in 1884? What were the longer-ranging consequences?
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Chapter 25: War and Revolution,1900-1918
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Q1) How did the nation-states of Europe manage war operations at the outset of World War I?
Q2) Explain the two systems of alliances that brought the European powers to war.
Q3) Trench warfare was characterized by
A) relative immobilization.
B) rampant disease.
C) deadly stalemates with numerous deaths.
D) an impassable section of territory called no man's land.
E) all of these.
Q4) What did Europe look like at the end of the war? What effects did the war have in dispelling nationalism's influences?
Q5) The Triple Alliance was a coalition among which countries?
A) England, France, and Germany
B) England, Italy, and Russia
C) Russia, Germany, and Austria
D) Austria, Germany, and Italy
E) Austria, England, and France
Q6) Alexander Kerensky led the Bolsheviks out of the Russian Civil War.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 26: A Decade of Revolutionary Experiments,1918-1929
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Q1) What problems arose with negotiating the terms of the Treaty of Versailles?
Q2) What was the name of the organization used by the Soviet government to expand their revolution?
A) Cheka.
B) Comintern.
C) Zhenotdel
D) Comecon
E) Politburo.
Q3) How did Mussolini eventually take control of Italy?
A) By gaining control of parliament through the elections favoring the Fascist Party
B) By marching on Rome with thousands of supporters to intimidate the king
C) By disbanding parliament and threatening the king
D) By staging a military coup with the socialist forces to overthrow the monarchy
E) Gaining the support of the conservative factions by brutally suppressing workers' strikes
Q4) How did the return to peacetime affect women's places in the public sphere?
Q5) Why did Atatürk's transformations of Turkey focus on modernization and renewal,rather than traditional history?
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Chapter 27: Democracy Under Siege,1929-1945
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Q1) Explain how Stalin's control of the economy through the five-year plans and collectivization affected the Soviet Union.
Q2) Collaboration under Nazi direction was established in all of the following countries except
A) Vichy France.
B) Slovakia.
C) Finland.
D) Poland.
E) Croatia.
Q3) The Labour Party prime minister in England who failed to protect workers' interests during the depression was A) Neville Chamberlain.
B) John Maynard Keynes. C) Ramsay MacDonald.
D) James Keir Hardie.
E) Winston Churchill.
Q4) Hitler broke the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact first.
A)True
B)False
Q5) In comparison to World War I,what made World War II truly global in context?
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Chapter 28: Europe Divided,1945-1968
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Q1) Decolonization was led by which European power?
A) Britain
B) France
C) Italy
D) Germany
E) Yugoslavia
Q2) Conflicts between the East and West were most dangerous during
A) the Cuban Missile Crisis.
B) the failure of Charles de Gaulle to participate in the UN.
C) the construction of the Berlin Wall.
D) the proxy wars of containment.
E) none of these.
Q3) The Cold War was caused by all of the following factors except A) the Lend-Lease program.
B) U.S. support of western Germany
C) financial recovery options through the Marshall Plan.
D) American backing of Israel in the middle East.
E) the Soviet Union's development of atomic weapons.
Q4) Did Krushchev's policy of de-Stalinization open the possibility of ending the cold war?
Page 31
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Chapter 29: Lifting the Iron Curtain,1969-1991
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Sample Questions
Q1) What was Ostpolitik?
A) The policy that forced East Germany to remain culturally isolated from West Germany.
B) A means of reconciling West Germany's policies with the Communist East German government.
C) The perpetuation of the arms race between East and West.
D) A cultural program that elevated Eastern Germany sports, academics, and arts above the West.
E) The law that students in East Germany could temporarily study "abroad" in Western European nations.
Q2) Gorbachev's policy of glasnost meant a restructuring of Soviet economics to be more successful.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The Velvet Revolution brought down the communist Czechoslovakian government.
A)True
B)False
Q4) To what extent were the changes in religion due to the changes in postmodern society?
Q5) What ultimately was responsible for the collapse of communism?
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Chapter 30: Europe in a Globalizing World,1991 to the Present
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Sample Questions
Q1) Madeline Albright was the first woman elected as chancellor of Germany.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Countries of the Common Market have abided by GATT.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Václav Havel oversaw the peaceful dismantling of which former Communist territory?
A) Romania
B) Czechoslovakia
C) Vojvodina
D) Armenia
E) None of these.
Q4) The new president of Russia in 1991 was
A) Boris Yeltsin.
B) Vladimir Putin.
C) Edvard Sheverednaze.
D) Vladimir Zhironovsky.
E) Leonid Kuchma.
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Q5) Why is the admission of Turkey into the EU considered a problem?
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