

![]()


Survey of Chemistry is an introductory course designed to provide students with a broad overview of fundamental chemical concepts and their real-world applications. The course covers essential topics such as atomic structure, chemical bonding, states of matter, chemical reactions, stoichiometry, solutions, acids and bases, and basic organic and biochemistry principles. Emphasis is placed on developing problem-solving skills, understanding scientific reasoning, and appreciating the role of chemistry in everyday life, health, and the environment. This course is suitable for non-science majors and those seeking a foundational understanding of chemistry.
Recommended Textbook Chemistry 6th Edition by John E. McMurry
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Q1) The fundamental SI unit of mass is the A)centigram.
B)gram. C)kilogram.
D)milligram.
Answer: C
Q2) The symbol for mercury is ________. Answer: Hg
Q3) The density of aluminum is 2.702 g/cm<sup>3</sup>.What is the final liquid level of water if 1.130 ounces of aluminum is dropped into a graduated cylinder containing 15.90 mL of water?
A)17.08 mL
B)21.66 mL
C)27.76 mL
D)47.95 mL
Answer: C
Q4) Pb is the symbol for the element ________. Answer: lead
Q5) In a periodic table rows are called ________ and columns are called ________.
Answer: periods,groups

3
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Q1) What is the chemical formula for magnesium hydride?
A)MgH<sub>2</sub>
B)MgOH
C)MgOH<sub>2</sub>
D)Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>
Answer: A
Q2) What is the chemical formula for iron(II)phosphate?
A)Fe<sub>2</sub>P
B)Fe<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>
C)Fe<sub>3</sub>P<sub>2</sub>
D)Fe<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>
Answer: D
Q3) Beta decay of <sup>24</sup>Na produces a beta particle and
A)(<sup>20</sup>F.)
B)(<sup>23</sup>Na.)
C)(<sup>24</sup>Ne.)
D)(<sup>24</sup>Mg.)
Answer: D
Q4) The symbol of the isotope having Z = 88 and A = 226 is ________.
Answer: 11ea7a38_c8cd_82a1_aa4c_f511e3c2a7ee_TB4939_11
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Q1) How many chloride ions are in 1.50 mol of aluminum chloride?
A)3)00 chloride ions
B)4)50 chloride ions
C)9)03 × 10<sup>23</sup> chloride ions
D)2)71 × 10<sup>24</sup> chloride ions
Answer: D
Q2) What is the molar mass of hydrogen gas?
A)1)00 g/mol
B)2)00 g/mol
C)6)02 × 10<sup>23</sup> g/mol
D)1)20 × 10<sup>23</sup> g/mol
Answer: B
Q3) When iron(III)oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid,iron(III)chloride and water are formed.How many grams of iron(III)chloride are formed from 10.0 g of iron(III)oxide and 10.0 g of hydrochloric acid?
A)11.1 g
B)14.8 g
C)20.3 g
D)35.1 g
Answer: B
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Q1) In the unbalanced equation shown below how many moles of electrons are transferred per mole of reducing agent?
C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>2- (aq)+ MnO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>(aq) CO<sub>2</sub>(aq)+ Mn<sup>2+</sup>(aq)
A)1
B)2
C)5
D)10
Q2) When Na<sub>2</sub>CrO<sub>4</sub>(aq)and AgNO<sub>3</sub>(aq)are mixed,a red colored precipitate forms which is A)Ag.
B)Ag<sub>2</sub>CrO<sub>4</sub>.
C)AgNO<sub>2</sub>.
D)NaNO<sub>3</sub>.
Q3) Which of the following compounds is an Arrhenius base in water?
A)C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub>
B)HOClO<sub>2</sub>
C)H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>
D)NH<sub>3</sub>
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Q1) Middle C on a piano has a frequency of 262 Hz.In a vacuum 262 Hz has a corresponding wavelength of ________ m.
Q2) Of the following,which atom has the smallest atomic radius?
A)Mg
B)S
C)Sr
D)Te
Q3) The amount of data that can be stored in an optical disc storage medium is related to the wavelength of the laser employed.Blu-Ray discs that are read by a laser having a wavelength of 405 nm have a much greater storage capacity than a DVD that is read by a 650 nm laser.The color of the 405 nm laser beam is ________,whereas the color of the 650 nm laser is ________.
Q4) According to the Balmer-Rydberg equation,electromagnetic radiation with wavelength = 486.1 nm will be absorbed when an electron undergoes which of the following transitions?
A)m = 2 n = 3
B)m = 2 n = 4
C)n = 3 m = 2
D)n = 4 m = 2
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Q1) The element in period 3 with the smallest seventh ionization energy is ________.
Q2) Most of the compounds of the 2+ ions of the first row of the transition metals from Mn to Zn are colored due to absorption of visible light promoting an electron from one 3d orbital to another.Which of these ions should tend to form colorless compounds?
A)Mn<sup>2+</sup>
B)Co<sup>2+</sup>
C)Cu<sup>2+</sup>
D)Zn<sup>2+</sup>
Q3) Of the following,which element has the highest first ionization energy?
A)Al
B)Cl
C)Na
D)P
Q4) Predict the product(s)when the reactants Be(s)+ Br<sub>2</sub>(l)are mixed.
A)BeBr(s)
B)BeBr<sub>2</sub>(s)
C)Be<sub>2</sub>Br(s)
D)BeBr<sub>3</sub>(s)
Q5) Potassium reacts with oxygen to form a superoxide with the formula ________.
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Q1) According to molecular orbital theory,is the highest energy orbital that contains an electron antibonding or bonding in O<sub>2</sub><sup>2- </sup>?
Q2) How many lone pairs of electrons are on the P atom in PF<sub>3</sub>?
A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
Q3) Element A has an electronegativity of 0.8 and element B has an electronegativity of 3.0.Which statement best describes the bonding in A<sub>3</sub>B?
A)The AB bond is largely covalent with a - on A.
B)The AB bond is largely covalent with a + on A.
C)The compound is largely ionic with A as the cation.
D)The compound is largely ionic with A as the anion.
Q4) Using only the elements Ba,F,and P,give the formula of a compound having largely polar covalent bonds.
Q5) When an electron is added to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of N<sub>2</sub>,the electron is added to a(n)________ (antibonding,bonding)molecular orbital and the N-N bond order will ________ (decrease,increase).
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Q1) Which of the following is not a type of energy or energy transfer?
A)chemical energy
B)heat
C)temperature
D)work
Q2) When 50.0 mL of 0.400 M Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> is added to 50.0 mL of 0.800 M NaF,CaF<sub>2</sub> precipitates,as shown in the net ionic equation below.The initial temperature of both solutions is 25.00°C.Assuming that the reaction goes to completion,and that the resulting solution has a mass of 100.00 g and a specific heat of 4.18 J/(g °C),calculate the final temperature of the solution. Ca<sup>2+</sup>(aq)+ 2 F<sup>-</sup>(aq) CaF<sub>2</sub>(s) H° = -11.5 kJ
A)24.45°C
B)25.55°C
C)26.10°C
D)26.65°C
Q3) Kinetic energy increases with increasing ________ and increasing ________.
Q4) Is thermal energy a form of kinetic or potential molecular energy?
Q5) The SI unit for energy is the ________.
Q6) ________ energy is the kinetic energy of molecular motion.
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Q1) If the pressure in a gas container that is connected to an open-end U-tube manometer is 116 kPa and the pressure of the atmosphere at the open end of the tube is 752 mm Hg,the level of mercury in the tube will
A)be 118 mm higher in the arm open to the atmosphere.
B)be 118 mm higher in the arm connected to the gas cylinder.
C)be 870 mm higher in the arm open to the atmosphere.
D)be 870 mm higher in the arm connected to the gas cylinder.
Q2) Which one of the following gases will have the highest rate of effusion?
A)NO<sub>2</sub>
B)N<sub>2</sub>O
C)N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>
D)NO<sub>3</sub>
Q3) If the total pressure in the container is 900 mm Hg,what is the partial pressure of chlorine?
A)90 mm Hg
B)180 mm Hg
C)270 mm Hg
D)450 mm Hg
Q4) The molecule believed to be most responsible for global warming is ________.
Q5) When using the ideal gas law the temperature must be expressed in ________.
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Q1) How many cations M are in the unit cell?
A)1
B)2
C)4
D)8
Q2) Melting occurs along the A)AC line.
B)CB line.
C)CD line.
D)All of these
Q3) Which of the following compounds exhibits only dispersion and dipole-dipole intermolecular interactions?
A)N<sub>2</sub>
B)HBr
C)CO<sub>2</sub>
D)H<sub>2</sub>O
Q4) Helium can be liquefied when He atoms are attracted to one another by intermolecular ________ forces.
Q5) In the molecule BF<sub>3</sub> there is a + charge on the ________ atom and acharge on the ________ atom.
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Q1) A solution is prepared by dissolving 17.75 g sulfuric acid,H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>,in enough water to make 100.0 mL of solution.If the density of the solution is 1.1094 g/mL,what is the mole fraction H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> in the solution?
A)0)0181
B)0)0338
C)0)0350
D)19.0
Q2) Assume that the vapor at point c is condensed and reboiled.What is the vapor composition during reboiling?
A)100% decane
B)composition at point b
C)composition at point c
D)composition at point e
Q3) When two similar liquids mix to form a solution,the entropy of solution ( S<sub>soln</sub>)is expected to be
A)negative.
B)zero.
C)positive.
D)negative at low temperatures but positive at high temperatures.
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Q1) For the hypothetical second order reaction: A products,the general rate law is: rate = k[A]<sup>2</sup>.How long is the third half-life of the reaction if [A]<sub>0</sub> is 0.080 M and the first half-life is 22 minutes?
A)0)57 min
B)1)7 min
C)7)3 min
D)88 min
Q2) What is the order of reaction with respect to A<sub>2</sub>?
A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
Q3) The reaction below is first order in H<sub>2</sub> and second order in NO.What is the rate law for this reaction?
2 H<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 2 NO(g) N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 2 H<sub>2</sub>O(g)
A)Rate = 2k[H<sub>2</sub>][NO]
B)Rate = k[H<sub>2</sub>][NO]<sup>2</sup>
C)Rate = k[H<sub>2</sub>]<sup>2</sup>[NO]<sup>2</sup>
D)Rate = 2k[H<sub>2</sub>]<sup>2</sup>[NO]<sup>2</sup>
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Q1) The reaction CaCO<sub>3</sub>(s) CaO(s)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)is endothermic 298
K.The effect of adding additional CaO to the system at equilibrium will ________ (decrease,increase,have no effect on)the total quantity of CaCO<sub>3</sub> once equilibrium is reestablished.
Q2) For the reaction shown below the value of K<sub>p</sub> is ________ than the value of K<sub>c</sub>,because n = ________.
N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>(g) 2 NO<sub>2</sub>(g)
Q3) Which of the following changes in reaction conditions will alter the composition of an equilibrium mixture of gases for a reaction having unequal moles of gaseous products and gaseous reactants?
A)addition of reactants or products
B)decreasing the pressure or volume
C)increasing the temperature
D)All of these will alter the equilibrium concentrations.
Q4) Which equilibrium below is homogeneous?
A)BaSO<sub>4</sub>(s) Ba<sup>2+</sup>(aq)+ SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>(aq)
B)2 H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>(l) 2 H<sub>2</sub>O(l)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)
C)NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>(s) N<sub>2</sub>O(g)+ 2 H<sub>2</sub>O(g)
D)2 CO(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g) 2 CO<sub>2</sub>(g)
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Q1) Which one of the following salts,when dissolved in water,produces the solution with a pH closest to 7.00?
A)NH<sub>4</sub>Cl
B)BaO
C)NaHSO<sub>4</sub>
D)RbI
Q2) Using the conjugate acid-base pairs listed below,complete the following equation with the pair that gives an equilibrium constant K<sub>c</sub> > 1.
_____ + HSO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> _____ + H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>
A)CH<sub>3</sub>CO<sub>2</sub>H/ CH<sub>3</sub>CO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>
B)HCO<sub>2</sub>H/ HCO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>
C)HNO<sub>2</sub>/NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>
D)HNO<sub>3</sub>/NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>
Q3) If an equal number of moles of the weak acid HCN and the strong base KOH are added to water,is the resulting solution acidic,basic,or neutral?
A)acidic
B)basic
C)neutral
D)There is insufficient information provided to answer this question.
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Q1) Which solution has the lowest pH?
A)(1)
B)(2)
C)(3)
D)(4)
Q2) A solution may contain the following ions
Ag<sup>+</sup>,Cu<sup>2+</sup>,Mn<sup>2+</sup>,Ca<sup>2+</sup>,and Na<sup>+</sup>.No precipitate formed when 0.10 M NaCl was added but a dark colored precipitate formed when H<sub>2</sub>S was added to an acidic portion of the solution.After the removal of the solid the solution was made basic and more H<sub>2</sub>S was added and a dark precipitate again formed.Treatment of the filtrate with (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> resulted in a white precipitate.If no further tests were made then what conclusions can you draw?
A)possible ions present Cu<sup>2+</sup>,Mn<sup>2+</sup>,Na<sup>+</sup> B)possible ions present Cu<sup>2+</sup>,Mn<sup>2+</sup>,Ca<sup>2+</sup>
C)possible ions present Cu<sup>2+</sup>,Mn<sup>2+</sup>,Ca<sup>2+</sup>,Na<sup>+</sup> D)possible ions present Ag<sup>+</sup>,Cu<sup>2+</sup>,Mn<sup>2+</sup>,Ca<sup>2+</sup>,Na<sup>+</sup >
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Q1) The most common white pigment until the 1880s was lead white,sometimes called basic lead carbonate: (PbCO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Pb(OH)<sub>2</sub>.Paintings containing lead white turned black in the presence of moist H<sub>2</sub>S from natural sources and polluted air due to the formation of PbS.The PbCO<sub>3</sub> portion of this reaction is shown below. PbCO<sub>3</sub>(s)+
H<sub>2</sub>S(aq)
PbS(s)+ H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>(aq)
If H° = -60.9 kJ/mol and S° = 26.6 J/K,what are S<sub>surr</sub> and S<sub>total</sub> for this reaction at 25°C??
Q2) At constant pressure and temperature,which statement is true?
A)All reactions for which H < 0 are spontaneous.
B)All reactions for which S < 0 are spontaneous.
C)All reactions for which G < 0 are spontaneous.
D)All reactions for which K < 1 are spontaneous.
Q3) If G is small and positive,
A)the forward reaction is spontaneous and the system is far from equilibrium.
B)the forward reaction is spontaneous and the system is near equilibrium.
C)the reverse reaction is spontaneous and the system is far from equilibrium.
D)the reverse reaction is spontaneous and the system is near equilibrium.
Page 18
Q4) What is the entropy of 10 molecules in a system of 1000 boxes?
Q5) What is the entropy of 10 molecules in a system of 100 boxes?
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Q1) The nickel-cadmium battery cell has a standard potential of +1.20 V.The cell reaction is
2 NiO(OH)(s)+ Cd(s)+ 2 H<sub>2</sub>O(l) 2 Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>(s)+ Cd(OH)<sub>2</sub>(s).
What is the standard free energy change for this reaction?
A)-38.7 kJ
B)-116 kJ
C)-232 kJ
D)-463 kJ
Q2) For a galvanic cell,the cathode has a ________ sign and is the site of ________.
A)negative,oxidation
B)negative,reduction
C)positive,oxidation
D)positive,reduction
Q3) Using Table 17.1,find E° for 2 H<sub>2</sub>O(l) 2 H<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g).
A)-2.06 V
B)-1.23 V
C)-0.80 V
D)-0.40 V
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Q1) Which is an ionic binary hydride?
A)HCl
B)KH
C)both HCl and KH
D)neither HCl nor KH
Q2) What is the total volume of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas that can be produced from the thermal decomposition of 0.340 grams of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> at 700°C and 755 mm Hg according to the chemical equation shown below? H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>(l) H<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)
A)402 mL
B)804 mL
C)1210 mL
D)1610 mL
Q3) The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC),a galvanic cell proposed for use in consumer products,employs the overall reaction shown below.How many liters of oxygen at 25°C and 1.00 atm are required to completely react with 0.641 g of CH<sub>3</sub>OH? 2 CH<sub>3</sub>OH(aq)+ 3 O<sub>2</sub>(g) 2 CO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 4 H<sub>2</sub>O(l)
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Q1) Which of these molecules is most likely to contain good overlap of p orbitals,as shown in figure (a),rather than poor overlap of p orbitals,as shown in figure (b)?
A)Cl<sub>2</sub>
B)N<sub>2</sub>
C)P<sub>4</sub>
D)S<sub>8</sub>
Q2) What statement about nitric acid is not true?
A)It is a strong oxidizing agent.
B)It is one of the more common strong acids and is essentially 100% dissociated in water.
C)It often has a yellow color due to the formation of NO<sub>2</sub>.
D)Its anhydride is N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>.
Q3) In which compound is phosphorus in its lowest oxidation state?
A)P<sub>4</sub>O<sub>6</sub>
B)PCl<sub>3</sub>
C)PH<sub>3</sub>
D)PCl<sub>5</sub>
Q4) The charge,n,on the cyclic anion Si<sub>6</sub>O<sub>18</sub><sup>n</sup> that is found in the mineral beryl is ________.
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Q1) What is the coordination number of the Au atom in K [Au(CN)<sub>2</sub>(SCN)<sub>2</sub>]?
A)2
B)3
C)4
D)6
Q2) Based on the variation in Z<sub>eff</sub>,which oxoanion should be the weakest oxidizing agent?
A)VO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>
B)CrO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>
C)MnO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>
D)FeO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>
Q3) Fe<sup>3+</sup> has ________ valence electrons.
Q4) What is the characteristic outer electron configuration for transition elements?
A)(n - 1)d<sup>10-x</sup><sup>ns</sup><sup>2</sup>
B)(n)d<sup>10-x</sup><sup>ns</sup><sup>2</sup>
C)(n + 1)d<sup>10-x</sup><sup>ns</sup><sup>1</sup>
D)(n - 1)d<sup>10-x</sup>(n + 1)s<sup>2</sup>
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Q5) The number of unpaired electrons in tetrahedral NiBr<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> is

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Q1) Tin exists in two forms: gray tin and white tin.The electrical conductivity of gray tin increases with an increase in temperature,whereas the electrical conductivity of white tin decreases with an increase in temperature.The form of tin that is a semiconductor is ________ tin.
Q2) Relative to a bulk sample of gold,nanoparticles of gold have
A)greater reactivity and higher melting point.
B)greater reactivity and lower melting point.
C)lower reactivity and higher melting point.
D)lower reactivity and lower melting point.
Q3) Which of these materials has the highest electrical conductivity?
A)material (1)
B)material (2)
C)material (3)
D)material (4)
Q4) In this picture the valence band is given by letter(s)
A)a)
B)b)
C)c)
D)a and b.
Q5) The number of electrons that half fill a composite s-d band is ________.
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Q1) A binding energy curve is a plot of binding energy per nucleon versus atomic number.In what region of the binding energy curve are the most stable elements found?
A)in the lower left region (low atomic mass)
B)in the central top region (moderate atomic mass)
C)in the lower right region (heavy atomic mass)
D)binding energy is not dependent on atomic mass
Q2) Which one of the following is most penetrating?
A)alpha particles
B)beta particles
C)gamma rays
D)positrons
Q3) Elements with ________ atomic mass are best possible candidates for a fission reaction.
A)very low
B)moderate
C)moderate to heavy
D)very heavy
Q4) The mass defect for the chemical reaction shown below is ________ g. 2 F F<sub>2</sub> E = -159 kJ/mol
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Sample Questions
Q1) The base sequences in mRNA that code for particular amino acids are Trp: UGG,Phe: UUU,and Glu: GAA.What is the peptide that is produced from the DNA sequence: CTTACCAAA?
A)Glu-Phe-Trp
B)Glu-Trp-Phe
C)Phe-Trp-Glu
D)Trp-Glu-Phe
Q2) What type of compound is formed when a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol?
A)an aldehyde
B)an amide
C)an aromatic
D)an ester
Q3) Which one of the following molecules can rotate freely around its carbon-carbon bond?
A)acetylene
B)cyclopropane
C)ethane
D)ethylene
Q4) Individual amino acids that make up a protein are called ________.
Q5) Monosaccharides are classified as either ________ or ________.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 26