Survey of Biological Science Test
Questions
Course Introduction
Survey of Biological Science provides a comprehensive introduction to the fundamental principles of biology, covering topics such as cell structure and function, genetics, evolution, ecology, and the diversity of living organisms. Emphasizing the scientific method and basic biological concepts, the course explores how living systems operate and interact with their environments, and highlights the relevance of biology to everyday life. Students will gain an understanding of biological processes that affect health, society, and the natural world, preparing them for further study or informed citizenship.
Recommended Textbook
Biology Today and Tomorrow with Physiology 4th Edition by Cecie Starr
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28 Chapters
3839 Verified Questions
3839 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Invitation to Biology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the correct order of taxa from most inclusive to least inclusive?
A) domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
B) domain, kingdom, phylum, order, class, family, genus, species
C) domain, kingdom, phylum, family, order, class, genus, species
D) domain, phylum, kingdom, class, order, family, genus, species
E) domain, kingdom, order, class, phylum, family, genus, species
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following words describes a tentative explanation to a given question?
A) law
B) theory
C) hypothesis
D) fact
E) principle
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Molecules of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following organisms can more likely break down cellulose?
A) a fungus
B) a cow
C) a human
D) a horse
E) a plant
Answer: A
Q2) number of electrons in the third energy level
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)5
E)8
Answer: D
Q3) the bond that breaks when salts dissolve in water
A)hydrogen
B)ionic
C)covalent
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Cell Structure
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Sample Questions
Q1) In nature,a biofilm may include
A) bacteria only.
B) microscopic algae only.
C) fungi only.
D) protists only.
E) bacteria, microscopic algae, protests, and fungi.
Answer: E
Q2) An organelle that breaks down amino acids,fatty acids,and toxic substances is the
A) peroxisome
B) Golgi body
C) mitochondrion
D) lysosome
E) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: A
Q3) DNA
Answer: F
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Energy and Metabolism
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Sample Questions
Q1) Pepsin is an enzyme that functions in the stomach.Its optimum pH would be
A) between 1 and 2.
B) between 3 and 4.
C) above 6.
D) between 5 and 7.5.
E) above 8.5.
Q2) If a single-celled freshwater organism such as a protistan is transferred to saltwater,which of the following is likely to happen?
A) The cell bursts.
B) The cell shrinks.
C) Salt is pumped out of the cell.
D) Enzymes flow out of the cell.
E) There is no effect.
Q3) Which of the following statements is NOT related to the first law of thermodynamics?
A) energy flow is from a high concentration to a low concentration.
B) the amount of energy in the universe is constant.
C) energy cannot be created or destroyed.
D) energy can change from one source to another.
E) the energy of the universe has existed forever.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Capturing and Releasing Energy
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Sample Questions
Q1) formation of acetaldehyde is next to the last step in this pathway
Q2) In most plants,glucose is stored as
A) glucose.
B) starch.
C) sucrose.
D) glycogen.
E) cellulose.
Q3) Four of the five answers listed below are degradation processes for carbon compounds.Select the EXCEPTION.
A) Calvin-Benson cycle
B) Krebs cycle
C) fermentation
D) respiration
E) glycolysis
Q4) The bubbles in beer are A) carbon dioxide.
B) oxygen.
C) ethanol.
D) pyruvate.
E) nitrous oxide.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: DNA Structure and Function
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which chromosomes are carried by a normal female butterfly?
A) ZO
B) ZW
C) WW
D) WO
E) ZWW
Q2) Which of the following is NOT true of the effects of UV light on DNA?
A) it breaks DNA into pieces
B) it causes kinks in the DNA molecule
C) it causes the formation of nucleotide dimers
D) it causes covalent bond formation between adjacent thymines
E) it causes permanent mutations
Q3) Which of the following sugar molecules is involved in the structure of DNA?
A) ribose
B) ribulose
C) deoxyribulose
D) deoxyribose
E) glucose
Q4) this mutagen has wavelengths of less than 320 nanometers
Q5) this mutagen causes the mispairing of bases in DNA replication
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Chapter 7: Gene Expression and Control
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Sample Questions
Q1) Of the nucleic acids listed below,which is most like a cookbook in its function?
A) DNA
B) messenger RNA
C) ribosomal RNA
D) transfer RNA
E) NADH
Q2) During elongation,ribosomes catalyze formation of ____ between the amino acid and the growing polypeptide.
A) a hydrogen bond
B) a peptide bond
C) a polar covalent bond
D) a non-polar covalent bond
E) a sulfur bond
Q3) If there were only 2 RNA nucleotides and each codon was 4 letters long,how many amino acids could be coded for?
A) 2
B) 4
C) 8
D) 16
E) 32
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Chapter 8: How Cells Reproduce
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements concerning cancer is most accurate?
A) Neoplasms are usually cancerous.
B) Neoplasms have lost control over cell division.
C) Tumor cells have an increased capacity for adhesion.
D) Benign tumors often spread to other body parts.
E) Metastasis is cell division which is stationary.
Q2) Which of the following organisms employs a contractile ring during cell division?
A) bears
B) humans
C) roses
D) pigs
E) more than one of these
Q3) In comparing mitosis and meiosis,which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) Crossing over occurs in a prophase of meiosis and of mitosis.
B) The product of both is two cells.
C) In both processes, homologous chromosomes pair up.
D) In meiosis, sister chromatids separate in a metaphase, whereas in mitosis they separate in an anaphase.
E) Anaphase of mitosis is most like Anaphase II of meiosis.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Patterns of Inheritance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following determines an observable trait?
A) phenotype
B) genotype
C) gene location
D) morphotype
E) phototype
Q2) What tool do geneticists use to study the genetics of families through generations?
A) Punnett squares
B) pedigrees
C) karyotypes
D) DNA profiles
E) fossil analyses
Q3) Which of the following organs have epithelial lined passageways and ducts that are affected in cystic fibrosis:
A) lungs
B) liver
C) pancreas
D) intestines
E) all of these organs are affected
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Chapter 10: Biotechnology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following phrases best completes this sentence: Plasmids,as used as tools in DNA research,are
A) clones.
B) recombinants.
C) vectors.
D) restriction enzymes.
E) DNA libraries.
Q2) Many restriction enzymes generate ____ on DNA fragments after being cut.
A) frank ends
B) blunt ends
C) curved ends
D) sticky ends
E) oblique ends
Q3) During a DNA profiling analysis,short tandem nucleotide repeats are first A) subjected to high heat.
B) inserted into a plasmid.
C) chopped up using a restriction enzyme.
D) placed on a gel for electrophoresis.
E) amplified using PCR.
Q4) replacing diseased organs with healthy ones from other species
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Evidence of Evolution
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who,among the following,was the earliest naturalist?
A) Darwin
B) Plato
C) Mendel
D) Galileo
E) Aristotle
Q2) bees and butterflies appear
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a descendent of stem reptiles?
A) mammals
B) birds
C) snakes
D) fish
E) all of these are descendents of stem reptiles
Q4) In which of these organisms would their neutral mutations be most similar to humans?
A) birds
B) turtles
C) horses
D) pigs
E) monkeys
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Processes of Evolution
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Sample Questions
Q1) Many male birds will expend a great deal of energy building nests.Females will mate with the males who build the best nests.This is best described as an example of A) natural selection.
B) sexual selection.
C) runaway selection.
D) the Red Queen effect.
E) disruptive selection.
Q2) The HbS allele that causes sickle-cell anemia in the recessive condition is most common in areas that experience a high frequency of A) polio.
B) typhus.
C) diphtheria.
D) malaria.
E) cystic fibrosis.
Q3) two species of hawk are able to mate successfully,but one hunts in the morning and the other hunts at night.Mating between the two species does not occur
Q4) often follows extinction or the exploitation of a new habitat by a new species
Q5) this type of isolation is most closely related to sexual selection
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Chapter 13: Early Life Forms and the Viruses
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an HIV enzyme essential for its successful replication in a host cell?
A) reverse transcriptase
B) RNA polymerase
C) DNA polymerase
D) protease
E) ligase
Q2) The pathway on the left is named for what is happening in the figure labeled with letter ____.
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
Q3) cause of red tide
Q4) disease-causing agent
Q5) Chagas disease and African sleeping sickness are caused by members of this group.
Q6) weapon used against pathogenic bacteria
Q7) share a common ancestor with green plants
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Chapter 14: Plants and Fungi
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Sample Questions
Q1) All fungi are
A) unicellular.
B) multi-cellular.
C) autotrophic.
D) heterotrophic.
E) photosynthetic.
Q2) One reason angiosperms are more successful than gymnosperms is because gymnosperms lack ___.
A) seeds
B) megaspores
C) fruits
D) true leaves
E) wood
Q3) Which tree of the North American eastern forests has had its population decimated by a fungal disease?
A) chestnut
B) maple
C) oak
D) eastern pine
E) dogwood
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Chapter 15: Animal Evolution
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Sample Questions
Q1) Reef-building polyps get their sugars from mutualistic
A) green algae.
B) cyanobacteria.
C) dinoflagellates.
D) euglenoids.
E) planarians.
Q2) This animal has a pseudocoelom,is unsegmented,a cuticle,and no circulatory system.This animal is ___.
A) a roundworm
B) an earthworm
C) a flatworm
D) a leech
E) more than one of these
Q3) This animal has spicules,digests its food in collar cells,and is a hermaphrodite.This animal is ___.
A) a sea anemone
B) a sponge
C) an earthworm
D) a clam
E) more than one of these
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Chapter 16: Population Ecology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following focuses on vital statistics that describe the population?
A) ecostatistics
B) population ecology
C) demographics
D) biostatistics
E) community ecology
Q2) Clams,insects,many fish species fit into this model
Q3) Which of the following models of growth takes place when the amount of available resources is not limiting?
A) arithmetic growth
B) logistic growth
C) logarithmic growth
D) exponential growth
E) exponential growth and arithmetic growth
Q4) In itself,a flood that washes away an entire population of rabbits is
A) a density-dependent factor.
B) an intrinsic limiting factor.
C) density-independent.
D) a consequence of exponential growth.
E) an example of a population reaching its carrying capacity.
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Chapter 17: Communities and Ecosystems
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Sample Questions
Q1) Competitive exclusion is based upon the idea that
A) one species will voluntarily allow the other to survive.
B) no two species can completely occupy the same niche.
C) the larger species will dominate the smaller.
D) competition is overrated as a factor in species survival.
E) two species can live together, if they share the same niche but only at alternate times.
Q2) Which of the following represents an early stage in primary succession?
A) pine trees
B) mosses and lichen of bare rock
C) weedy annual plants in an open field
D) climax species in succession
E) fields of food crops
Q3) Which of the following is a major determinant in which plant species becomes a pioneer species in a primary succession event?
A) the species of plants that preceded it
B) the animals that occupy the area
C) chance events
D) the nature of the existing soils
E) the type of disturbance
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Page 19
Chapter 18: The Biosphere and Human Effects
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Sample Questions
Q1) shrub root systems may extend down to 60 meters
Q2) Which term refers to a species that evolved in area and still resides that area?
A) invasive
B) endemic
C) endangered
D) exotic
E) persistent
Q3) What ultimately is the greatest threat to biodiversity?
A) plant pathogens
B) exotic species
C) unthinking humans
D) mineral and energy use
E) conservation efforts
Q4) the type of rock,depth,and temperature affects species composition along its length
Q5) primary producers are chemosynthetic bacteria and archaea
Q6) sometimes called the "lungs of the Earth"
Q7) By the time air currents have reached 30? north and south latitude it has become __________ and __________.
Q8) most extensive biome
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Chapter 19: Animal Tissues and Organs
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Sample Questions
Q1) A characteristic of animals is that they are __________ and have their cells organized into __________.
Q2) lining of internal cavities
Q3) Which organ lies in the pelvic cavity?
A) stomach
B) bladder
C) liver
D) large intestine
E) heart
Q4) detects stimuli
Q5) A decrease in body temperature to ___ degrees Celsius or below alters brain function.
A) 39
B) 38
C) 37
D) 36
E) 35
Q6) allows substances to cross by diffusion
Q7) connective tissue that is involved in transport of nutrients
Q8) Removes carbon dioxide and wastes; receives and delivers oxygen
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Chapter 20: How Animals Move
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Sample Questions
Q1) The single tendon of the biceps attaches to ___.
A) the clavicle
B) the scapula
C) the ulna
D) the radius
E) more than one of these bones
Q2) forms concentric layers of the matrix
Q3) In a muscle contraction,what specifically is the role of calcium?
A) it causes the hydrolysis of ATP
B) it connects actin with myosin to form a cross-bridge
C) it causes the uncovering of the myosin binding site on actin
D) it catalyzes the formation of ATP from ADP and Pi
E) it causes the release of Pi from the myosin head
Q4) What kind of skeletons do arthropods have?
A) exoskeletons
B) endoskeletons
C) hydrostatic skeletons
D) segmental skeletons
E) none of these
Q5) a tapeworm has this type of skeleton
Page 22
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Chapter 21: Circulation and Respiration
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Sample Questions
Q1) Exhalation
A) is always active.
B) is always passive.
C) may be both active and passive.
D) compresses alveoli.
E) may be both active and passive, and compresses alveoli.
Q2) In the above diagram,the ____ is (are)labeled with the letter "J".
A) bronchi
B) bronchioles
C) diaphragm
D) alveoli
E) trachea
Q3) Each platelet lasts between ___ and ___ days.
A) 1---2
B) 3---5
C) 4---7
D) 5---9
E) 10---20
Q4) the windpipe
Q5) structure not found in the human respiratory system
Page 23
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Chapter 22: Immunity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Four of the five choices below are white blood cells that are capable of circulating in the blood.Select the EXCEPTION.
A) neutrophil
B) mast cell
C) macrophage
D) eosinophil
E) dendritic cell
Q2) In which part of the brain contains the body's "thermostat"?
A) hypothalamus
B) amygdala
C) thalamus
D) anterior pituitary gland
E) medulla
Q3) kills infected or cancerous cells
A)macrophage
B)neutrophil
C)T lymphocyte
D)B lymphocyte
E)mast cell
F)dendritic cell
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Chapter 23: Digestion and Excretion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Tubular secretion occurs in the region labeled
A) 1.
B) 2.
C) 3.
D) 4.
E) as none of these.
Q2) Which of the following is the correct path of urine out of the body?
A) kidneys to ureter to bladder to urethra
B) kidneys to urethra to bladder to ureter
C) kidneys to bladder to urethra to ureter
D) kidneys to bladder to ureter to urethra
E) bladder to kidneys to ureter to urethra
Q3) What is the function of a crop as found in an earthworm and other animals?
A) grinds food
B) absorbs nutrients
C) exit for waste
D) stores food
E) entrance for food
Q4) the process associated with kidney tubule cups and capillary clusters
Q5) the process that occurs first in urine formation
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Chapter 24: Neural Control and the Senses
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Sample Questions
Q1) You've just finished a big meal and are relaxing in front of a fire reading your favorite book.The ___ division of your ___ nervous system is at work.
A) parasympathetic--autonomic
B) parasympathetic--somatic
C) sympathetic--autonomic
D) sympathetic--somatic
E) autonomic--somatic
Q2) The communication point between two neurons is called the A) electrical synapse.
B) chemical synapse.
C) neural junction.
D) neural bridge.
E) interneuron.
Q3) Branched extensions that receive information from other cells are called A) axons.
B) dendrites.
C) interneurons.
D) sensory neurons.
E) cell bodies.
Q4) morhphin,codeine,and heroin mimic this neurotransmitter
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Chapter 25: Endocrine Control
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following hormones are most closely related to the health problems of the poor?
A) aldosterone
B) ADH
C) cortisol
D) glucagon
E) thryroxin
Q2) insulin
Q3) Aldosterone is most similar in its effect to what other hormone?
A) calcitonin
B) insulin
C) cortisol
D) anti-diuretic hormone
E) growth hormone
Q4) The organs at letter _____ produce hormones and eggs
Q5) This gland controls biological rhythms.
Q6) The gland at letter "C" is the __________.
Q7) anterior lobe of pituitary
Q8) Cushing's syndrome
Q9) produces cortisol Page 27
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Chapter 26: Reproduction and Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Four of the five answers listed below are produced by the same germ layer.Select the EXCEPTION.
A) nervous system
B) muscle system
C) circulatory system
D) reproductive system
E) excretory system
Q2) a surge of this hormone triggers ovulation
Q3) Three of the four answers listed below are related by a common location.Select the EXCEPTION.
A) follicle
B) corpus luteum
C) cervix
D) egg
Q4) How many children have been born worldwide from IVF?
A) 3 thousand
B) 3 hundred thousand
C) 3 million
D) 30 million
E) 300 million
Page 29
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Chapter 27: Plant Form and Function
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Sample Questions
Q1) Root hairs are the extensions of the
A) apical meristem.
B) epidermal cells.
C) pericycle.
D) vascular bundles.
E) root cap.
Q2) Annual growth rings are formed in woody stems principally through the activities of the
A) cork cambium.
B) cortex.
C) vascular cambium.
D) apical meristem.
E) endodermis.
Q3) How do guard cells differ from other epidermal cells?
A) guard cells do not have a waxy cuticle
B) guard cells are more than one cell thick
C) guard cells are photosynthetic
D) guard cells are only found on the upper epidermal surface of a leaf
E) all of these are differences between guard cells and other epidermal cells
Q4) sieve tube
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Chapter 28: Plant Reproduction and Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following pairs is incorrectly matched?
A) bran-seed coat
B) germ-embryo
C) starch-endosperm
D) all of these (a through c) are correctly matched
E) all of these (a through c) are incorrectly matched
Q2) In a flowering plant life cycle,which of the following structures are diploid?
A) megaspores
B) male gametophytes
C) eggs
D) sporophytes
E) none of these structures are diploid
Q3) To which of the following is a megaspore most closely and completely related?
A) female gametophyte
B) seed
C) ovule
D) egg
E) endosperm
Q4) carpel
Q5) involved in stress responses
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