Survey of American History
Mock Exam
Course Introduction
Survey of American History offers a comprehensive overview of the major social, political, economic, and cultural developments in the United States from the pre-Columbian era to the present. The course examines the founding ideals of the nation, the evolution of its government and institutions, and the diverse experiences of its people. By exploring key events, significant figures, and major movements, students develop a deeper understanding of the forces that have shaped American society and the nations role in the broader global context. Critical thinking, analysis of primary sources, and connecting historical trends to contemporary issues are central components of the curriculum.
Recommended Textbook
The Brief American Pageant A History of the Republic Volume I To 1877 9th Edition by David M. Kennedy
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Chapter 1: New World Beginnings
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Europeans learned of the great wealth of Asia from
A) Spanish explorers.
B) the voyages of Norse explorers.
C) Marco Polo's report of his travels.
D) the voyages of Christopher Columbus.
E) African slave traders.
Answer: C
Q2) Before the Portuguese arrived in Africa,
A) African and Arab merchants were already engaged in a lucrative slave trade.
B) they established sugar plantations in the Caribbean.
C) they signed the Treaty of Tordesillas with Spain.
D) conflicts between Arab and African slave merchants were common.
E) Spain controlled the water route to India.
Answer: A
Q3) caravel
Answer: Answers will vary.
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Sample Questions
Q1) In 1649,Maryland's Act of Toleration
A) was issued by Lord Baltimore.
B) abolished the death penalty.
C) gave freedom only to Catholics.
D) protected Jews and atheists.
E) extended temporary protection to Catholics.
Answer: E
Q2) What made some Africans especially valuable as slaves in the Carolinas?
A) They had experience working in dry, desert-like areas.
B) They were experienced in rice cultivation.
C) They were knowledgeable regarding cotton production.
D) They proved able to increase their numbers through natural reproduction.
E) They were skilled fishermen.
Answer: B
Q3) Jamestown
Answer: Answers will vary.
Q4) "starving time"
Answer: Answers will vary.
Q5) Roanoke Island
Answer: Answers will vary.
4
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Chapter 3: Settling the Northern Colonies,1619-1700
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the early years of colonization in the New World,England
A) closely controlled its colonies.
B) maintained an excellent relationship with the Indians.
C) paid little attention to its colonies.
D) made sure all the colonies had royal charters.
E) began the importation of African slaves in large numbers.
Answer: C
Q2) Who held the franchise in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in its early years?
A) All adult males who belonged to Puritan congregations
B) All regular churchgoers
C) All adult males who owned at least forty acres of land
D) All those chosen by Governor Winthrop and his cabinet
E) All married adult males
Answer: A
Q3) "Penn's Woodland"
Answer: Answers will vary.
Q4) King Philip´s War
Answer: Answers will vary.
Q5) "Bible Commonwealth"
Answer: Answers will vary.
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Chapter 4: American Life in the Seventeenth
Century,1607-1692
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bacon's Rebellion
Q2) One consequence of New England's uninviting land was
A) an urban migration.
B) the absence of Indian competition.
C) a dislike for agriculture.
D) a desire among Puritans to move into the Southern colonies.
E) a lack of immigration and thus less ethnic diversity than other regions.
Q3) hierarchy
Q4) Which statement about the African slave trade in the Americas is FALSE?
A) Of the 10 million carried to the New World, only about 400,000 ended up in North America.
B) As late as 1670 they numbered only about 7 percent of the southern plantation population.
C) White servants were far less costly than the high priced African slaves.
D) Most were hauled to Spanish and Portuguese South America or the West Indies.
E) Black slaves outnumbered white servants in the Chesapeake by 1650.
Q5) Congregational Church
Q6) militia
Q7) merchant-planters
Q8) Half-Way Covenant
Page 6
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Chapter
5: Colonial Society on the Eve of
Revolution,1700-1775
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Q1) The most important economic enterprise in the American colonies was A) fishing.
B) manufacturing.
C) commerce.
D) agriculture.
E) slave trading.
Q2) The average age of the American colonists in 1775 was about
A) 25.
B) 30.
C) 40.
D) 20.
E) 16.
Q3) Which statement about colonial newspaper printer John Peter Zenger is FALSE?
A) He was charged with seditious libel against the royal governor of New York.
B) He was found innocent of the charges brought against him.
C) He helped lay the foundations for a critical press in a diverse society.
D) His lawyer, Andrew Hamilton, was so eloquent in his defense that the jury was persuaded to defy the judge in finding him innocent.
E) He was responsible for temporary restrictions on the free press.
Q4) lotteries
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Chapter 6: The Duel for North America,1608-1763
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Sample Questions
Q1) Edict of Nantes
Q2) Who was the military leader in the first battle of what became the French and Indian War?
A) Edward Braddock
B) George Washington
C) William Pitt
D) James Wolfe
E) Robert La Salle
Robert L
Q3) Which of the following best characterized the early wars between France and Britain in North America?
A) The deployment of professional troops by both sides
B) The avoidance of civilian casualties wherever possible
C) The importance of Indian alliances with the British against the French
D) The substantial use of guerrilla warfare
E) The alliance between Britain and Spain against the French
Q4) Pontiac's uprising
Q5) Iroquois
Q6) beaver fur trade
Q7) Albany Congress
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Chapter 7: The Road to Revolution 1763-1775
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Q1) Compare and contrast the major advantages and disadvantages of the British and the colonists,respectively,as the American Revolutionary War began? What would Britain have to do to win? What would the colonists have to do to win?
Q2) What often happened to those who violated The Association?
A) They were banned from the colonies.
B) They were tarred and feathered.
C) They were arrested and tried in admiralty courts.
D) They were heavily fined.
E) They were hung.
Q3) What was the first Parliamentary law passed with the purpose of raising tax revenues in the colonies?
A) The Stamp Act
B) The Declaratory Act
C) The Townshend Acts
D) The Quartering Act
E) The Sugar Act
Q4) Sugar Act
Q5) depreciated
Q6) House of Burgesses
10
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Sample Questions
Q1) John ("Gentleman Johnny")Burgoyne
Q2) Battle of Trenton
Q3) Second Continental Congress
Q4) Why did General William Howe choose not to pursue and defeat George Washington's army after the Battle of Long Island?
A) Howe remembered the slaughter of Bunker Hill.
B) Howe distrusted Washington's large Hessian forces.
C) Howe feared the presence of Indians in the area.
D) Howe did not look forward to the difficulties of warfare in summer heat.
E) Supplies were slow in coming.
Q5) When America entered its military alliance with France,it
A) served a long-held goal of cementing closer cultural ties with France.
B) contradicted the colonial leaders´ professed desire to avoid entangling alliances with European powers.
C) offended the Spanish and drove them into an alliance with Britain.
D) shifted the balance of Indian support suddenly to the Americans.
E) expected little to change about the war.
Q6) Baron von Steuben
Q7) Loyalists
Q8) Barry St.Leger
Page 11
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Chapter 9: The Confederation and the Constitution,1776-1790
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Q1) Why was it difficult to set up a new government in post-Revolutionary America?
A) Each of the thirteen sovereign states had their own unique form of government.
B) Few people wanted to serve as political leaders.
C) Economic problems after the war complicated the situation for the new nation.
D) The various states had little experience with self-government and were confused about how to proceed.
E) There was much unity in the new nation but not many ideas about how best to govern.
Q2) John Marshall
Q3) "mobocracy"
Q4) The Federalist
Q5) The Second Continental Congress of revolutionary days
A) operated with strong constitutional authority.
B) functioned as a Revolutionary tribunal with direct authority over citizens and the army.
C) shared equal authority with the states.
D) was little more than a conference of ambassadors from independent states with very limited power.
E) was most effective in developing a banking and currency system.
Page 12
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Chapter 10: Launching the New Ship of State,1789-1800
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Sample Questions
Q1) What does the Ninth Amendment say?
A) It prohibits Congress from making laws that restrict freedoms of religion, speech, and peaceful assembly, freedom of the press, and petitioning the government.
B) "A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed."
C) The protection of specific rights in the other amendments "shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people."
D) The people have the right not to be subject to "unreasonable searches and seizures."
E) Powers not assigned to the federal government or prohibited to the states by the Constitution "are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people."
Q2) Washington's Neutrality Proclamation of 1793 was
A) based on calculations of American self-interest.
B) the fulfillment of America's obligations under the Franco-American Treaty.
C) opposed by both Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson.
D) based on American ideals of liberty and equality.
E) evidence of the impossibility of American isolationism.
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Chapter 11: The Triumphs and Travails of the Jeffersonian
Republic,1800-1812
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Sample Questions
Q1) Non-Intercourse Act of 1809
Q2) Marbury v.Madison
Q3) The legal precedent for judicial review was established when
A) the House of Representatives impeached Justice Samuel Chase.
B) the Supreme Court declared the Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional.
C) Congress repealed the Judiciary Act of 1801.
D) President Adams appointed several "midnight judges" to the federal courts.
E) the Supreme Court challenged the constitutionality of the Alien and Sedition Acts.
Q4) When it came to the major Federalist economic programs,Thomas Jefferson as president
A) left nearly all of them intact.
B) quickly dismantled them.
C) tried to redistribute them to the states.
D) attacked only the Bank of the United States.
E) vetoed any new tariffs.
Q5) Why did the United States avoid war with Britain in 1807 and again in 1809,but end up fighting in 1812? Why was the war so controversial and divisive from the outset?
Q6) Corps of Discovery
Page 14
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Chapter 12: The Second War for Independence and the Upsurge
of Nationalism,1812-1824
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Q1) John Marshall's decisions as chief justice revealed his belief in
A) the need to defer to the elected branches of government.
B) a strong central government.
C) the sanctity of personal liberties.
D) the Jeffersonian principles of Constitutional "strict construction."
E) the primacy of states' rights.
Q2) Congress of Vienna
Q3) The two most internationally recognized American writers in the 1820s were
A) Washington Irving and James Fenimore Cooper.
B) Edgar Allan Poe and Charles Baudelaire.
C) Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson.
D) Herman Melville and Nathaniel Hawthorne.
E) Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau.
Q4) Which of these men made the most important contributions to American nationalism after the War of 1812: John Marshall,James Monroe,Henry Clay,Andrew Jackson,John Quincy Adams? Why?
Q5) "Virginia dynasty"
Q6) peculiar institution
Q7) Oregon country
Page 15
Q8) Florida Purchase Treaty (Adams-Onis Treaty)
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Page 16
Chapter 13: The Rise of a Mass Democracy 1824-1840
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Sample Questions
Q1) What basic assumptions are contained in John C.Calhoun's doctrine of nullification? Is the doctrine of nullification compatible with a correct federal union? If it had become standard,would nullification have meant a breakup of the Union sooner or later?
Q2) In response to South Carolina's nullification of the Tariff of 1828,Andrew Jackson
A) publicly threatened to hang the nullifiers.
B) dispatched naval and military forces to the state while denouncing nullification.
C) worked quietly to defuse the confrontation.
D) mobilized the other southern states to oppose nullification.
E) sought a Supreme Court ruling declaring nullification invalid.
Q3) spoils system
Q4) Nullification Crisis
Q5) Would it have been better if Jackson had used military force to crush the South Carolina nullifiers? Might such action have put an end to the whole idea of nullification and secession by "strangling the serpent of secession in the cradle," as the text states?
Q6) Henry Clay
Q7) Nicholas Biddle
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Page 17
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Sample Questions
Q1) Samuel F.B.Morse
Q2) ten-hour day
Q3) What changes in family life occurred in the first half of the nineteenth century? How were the lives of children in various classes and regions changing?
Q4) Isaac Singer
Q5) Which invention,known for its interchangeable parts,created the basis for modern mass production?
A) Robert Fulton´s steamboat
B) Elias Howe´s sewing machine
C) Eli Whitney´s musket
D) Samuel Slater´s mechanical spinner
E) Eli Whitney´s cotton gin
Q6) List the five most important inventions of the early nineteenth century and rank them in order of importance.Justify your ranking.
Q7) "Self-Reliance"
Q8) factory girls
Q9) Elias Howe
Q10) clipper ships
Q11) Pony Express Page 18
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Chapter 15: The Ferment of Reform and Culture,1790-1860
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Sample Questions
Q1) Noah Webster's dictionary
A) defined words that had previously been obscure.
B) helped to standardize the American language.
C) was used to educate nineteenth-century slaves.
D) helped promote variations in pronunciation among the regions
E) gave legitimacy to American slang.
Q2) The Second Great Awakening tended to
A) sharpen the lines between classes and regions.
B) open Episcopal and Presbyterian churches to the poor.
C) unite northern Baptists and Methodists against slavery.
D) draw the more prosperous and conservative eastern churches into the revivalist camps.
E) increase the influence of educated clergy.
Q3) In early-nineteenth-century America,public schools "existed chiefly to educate the children of the poor." How did public schools come to be linked with the goals and ideals of American democracy? How successful were they?
Q4) Ten Nights in a Barroom and What I Saw There
Q5) Louisa May Alcott
Q6) Robert Owen
Q7) "Declaration of Sentiments"
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Chapter 16: The South and the Slavery
Controversy,1793-1860
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Q1) The great increase of the slave population in the first half of the nineteenth century was largely due to
A) the reopening of the African slave trade in 1808.
B) imports of slaves from the West Indies.
C) natural reproduction.
D) reenslavement of free blacks.
E) the deliberate "breeding" of slaves by plantation owners.
Q2) Sojourner Truth
Q3) "black ivory"
Q4) Arthur and Lewis Tappan
Q5) The voice of white southern abolitionism fell silent at the beginning of the
A) 1790s.
B) 1820s.
C) 1830s.
D) 1840s.
E) 1850s.
Q6) Compare and contrast the "moral abolitionism" of William Lloyd Garrison (and others)with the political abolitionism advocated by Frederick Douglass (and others).What were the advantages and disadvantages of each position as efforts to contain or end slavery?
Page 21
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Chapter 17: Manifest Destiny and Its Legacy,1841-1848
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Q1) Henry Clay
Q2) Why did American foreign policy and expansionism rather suddenly become major concerns in the 1840s?
Q3) Compare and contrast America's foreign policy relationships with Britain and Mexico in the 1840s.Why were most disputes with Britain able to be negotiated,while those with Mexico were not?
Q4) In addition to Mexico´s bitterness over the annexation of Texas,another point of contention between the United States and Mexico was
A) Mormon settlement in Mexican territory.
B) American Protestant missionary activity below the Mexican border.
C) a diplomatic dispute over Mexico´s ties to Russia.
D) three million dollars in American citizens´ damage claims against Mexico.
E) unpaid government debts left over from the Mexican war for independence.
Q5) How did the death of William Henry Harrison only four weeks into his presidency change the course of American politics and policy over the early 1840s?
Q6) Caroline
Q7) John L.O'Sullivan
Q8) Lone Star Republic
Page 23
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Chapter 18: Renewing the Sectional Struggle,1848-1854
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Q1) The most alarming aspect of the Compromise of 1850 to northerners was
A) the continuation of slavery in the District of Columbia.
B) the possible expansion of slavery in the New Mexico and Utah territories under "popular sovereignty."
C) the new Fugitive Slave Law.
D) the payment of $10 million to slaveholding Texas.
E) continuation of the interstate slave trade.
Q2) The issue of runaway slaves was important to southerners because
A) the South was losing a significant portion of its labor force.
B) the Underground Railroad might encourage a slave rebellion.
C) the loss of property was significant, but the loss of honor was felt more.
D) escaped slaves might establish free colonies in the West.
E) free blacks demonstrated that the racist theory of slavery was wrong.
Q3) Southerners insisted that the first transcontinental railroad should run through the Southwest because
A) the use of slave labor would make the construction cheaper.
B) the railroad would pass through the already organized New Mexico territory.
C) it was too expensive to use camels for transcontinental transport.
D) southern states were prepared to pay the full cost of construction.
E) it would guarantee the area against possible Mexican efforts to take it back.
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Chapter 19: Drifting Toward Disunion,1854-1861
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Q1) The results of the election of 1860 in the southern states
A) made clear that secession would soon sweep the South.
B) did not indicate strong secessionist sentiment.
C) showed a surprising apathy in poor voter turnout.
D) gave almost no support to the Democrats.
E) showed a small but surprising amount of votes for Lincoln as a write-in candidate.
Q2) Republicans proclaimed that they were not bound by the Dred Scott ruling because A) Scott lacked standing to sue, as the Court determined, making the rest of the ruling null and void.
B) Chief Justice Roger B. Taney was no longer of sound mind.
C) the majority of the Supreme Court justices were southerners.
D) the Missouri Compromise had already been invalidated by the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
E) popular sovereignty had proven its worth in Kansas.
Q3) Dred Scott v.Sandford
Q4) Constitutional Union party
Q5) Pottawatomie Creek massacre
Q6) Freeport Doctrine
Q7) James Buchanan
Page 25
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Chapter 20: Girding for War: The North and the
South,1861-1865
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Q1) In the last major crisis between the United States and Britain during the Civil War,war was prevented when the British agreed
A) not to trade with the Confederacy.
B) to remove their warships from the St Lawrence River.
C) to end their intrigues in Mexico.
D) to cede territory in lower Canada.
E) not to sell the Laird rams to the Confederacy.
Q2) Laird rams
Q3) President Lincoln underlined the importance of the Border States when he reportedly said that he hoped to have God on his side,but he had to have
A) Kentucky.
B) Illinois.
C) Kansas.
D) Virginia.
E) Ohio.
Q4) Clara Barton
Q5) Napoleon III
Q6) Jefferson Davis
Q7) greenbacks
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Chapter 21: The Furnace of Civil War,1861-1865
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Q1) In the l864 election,the Democratic party nominated ____ to oppose Lincoln's reelection.
A) George McClellan
B) Stephen A. Douglas
C) Andrew Johnson
D) Clement C. Vallandigham
E) Horace Greeley
Q2) During the Civil War,
A) blacks were enlisted by the Union army only after the Emancipation Proclamation was issued.
B) the South refused to use slave labor for military purposes.
C) blacks served in the American military for the first time.
D) about one out of every four Union troops was black.
E) captured black soldiers were treated well by Confederates.
Q3) African Americans who fought for the Union Army in the Civil War
A) carried out reprisals against captured slaveowners.
B) served mainly in military support units.
C) served bravely and suffered extremely heavy casualties.
D) accounted for less than 1 percent of total Union enlistments.
E) refused to serve under white officers.
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Chapter 22: The Ordeal of Reconstruction,1865-1877
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Q1) The fate of the Confederate leaders after 1865 was that
A) most were jailed for an extended period of time.
B) Davis and Lee received life sentences and others were pardoned.
C) all were pardoned by December 1868.
D) none was ever allowed to hold political office again.
E) the majority went into exile in Brazil.
Q2) William Seward
Q3) "solid" Democratic South
Q4) The last of the Reconstruction-era federal amendments to pass was the ____ Amendment.
A) Twelfth
B) Thirteenth
C) Fourteenth
D) Fifteenth
E) Eighteenth
Q5) Thirteenth Amendment
Q6) carpetbaggers
Q7) How did freed slaves respond to emancipation? How did ex-slaves' actions and ambitions shape Reconstruction?
Q8) Susan B.Anthony
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