Supply Chain Management
Final Exam
Course Introduction
Supply Chain Management examines the processes, strategies, and technologies involved in the efficient movement of goods, services, and information from suppliers to end consumers. This course covers key topics such as procurement, inventory control, logistics, transportation, distribution, demand forecasting, and risk management. Emphasizing both operational details and strategic decision-making, students will learn how to design, manage, and optimize supply chains for various industries. The course explores the integration of information systems, the impact of globalization, sustainability considerations, and current trends such as digital transformation and supply chain resilience, preparing students to address real-world challenges in managing complex supply networks.
Recommended Textbook
OM 4th Edition by David Alan Collier
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23 Chapters
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1572 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Goods, Services, and Operations Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) In relating operations management and the customer benefit package (CBP), which is the correct timing sequence?
A)Operating system processes lead to customer needs and expectations, which lead to customer benefit package.
B)Customer benefit package leads to customer needs and expectations, which lead to operating system processes.
C)Customer needs and expectations lead to customer benefit package, which leads to operating system processes.
D)Customer needs and expectations lead to operating system processes, which lead to customer benefit package.
Answer: C
Q2) Which is generally related to service operations?
A)tangible product
B)need for flexible capacity
C)separation of production from consumption
D)large amount of inventory
Answer: B
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Value Chains
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Sample Questions
Q1) When break-even analysis is applied to an outsourcing decision, the breakeven quantity is
A)the ratio of fixed costs to the difference between variable outsourcing cost and variable in-house production cost
B)the ratio of the difference between variable outsourcing cost and variable in-house production cost to fixed costs
C)the product of the variable costs times the fixed costs
D)the product of the variable costs times the production quantity
Answer: A
Q2) The focus on value has forced many traditional goods-producing companies to reduce services for their customer benefits package.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Historically, service work was outsourced before many goods-producing jobs were.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Measuring Performance in Operations
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Sample Questions
Q1) The only important measurement category in business is financial.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) When Bill Gates stated that "Microsoft is always two years away from failure," he was emphasizing the importance of
A)innovation and learning
B)productivity
C)design flexibility
D)speed
Answer: A
Q3) Return on assets would normally be classified as a productivity measure.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Queue time is a fancy term for service time variance.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Operations Strategy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Operational capabilities must be built before a firm should identify competitive priorities.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The ____ of a firm defines the strengths that are unique to that organization.
A)strategy development
B)strategic mission
C)vision statement
D)core competencies
Q3) Reductions in flow time generally lead to a deterioration of quality.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Southwest Airlines has gained competitive advantage by focusing on cost as a key competitive priority.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the concept of search, experience, and credence attributes.
Q6) Explain Professor Hill's strategy development framework.What are the key elements of operations strategy within this framework?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Technology and Operations Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) Flexible manufacturing systems integrate machines or robots with automated handling devices to route work, load tools, and control operations.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Scalability is a phenomenon by which the same or an increased quality and quantity of goods and/or services are created using fewer natural resources.
A)True
B)False
Q3) All of the following are benefits of adopting technology except
A)improve/increase productivity and quality
B)integrate supply and value chain players
C)raise world standard of living
D)easier to protect employees' and customers' privacy
Q4) Differentiate between hard technology and soft technology.
Q5) Explain the concept of ERP - Enterprise Resource Planning Systems.
Q6) What are some of the benefits and challenges of technology?
Q7) How does customer relationship management (CRM) help a firm gain competitive advantage?
Q8) Discuss the role of technology on productivity.
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Chapter 6: Goods and Service Design
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the Taguchi loss function.Contrast it to the "goal post" model.
Q2) In general, the designs of both goods and services follow a similar path.The critical differences lie in the detailed product and process design phases.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Estate planning is an example of a low-contact system.
A)True
B)False
Q4) To improve system reliability, one option is to
A)use better components
B)use more components in series
C)use quality function deployment
D)eliminate redundancy
Q5) Which of the following is not one of the six customer attributes that impact the design and configuration of a customer benefit package?
A)Time
B)Information
C)Exchange
D)Reliability
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Chapter 7: Process Selection, Design, and Analysis
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Sample Questions
Q1) A pathway is a route that a product takes in a job shop.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What type of process would a paper mill most likely use?
A)Project
B)Job shop
C)Flow shop process
D)Continuous flow process
Q3) Which one of the following best describes reengineering?
A)Radical redesign
B)Incremental, continuous improvement
C)Engineering-based value analysis
D)Repeatability
Q4) The customer has no options from which to choose regarding make to stock goods and services.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is the implied service rate per service-counter employee at an airport automobile rental counter if customer demand is 36 customers per hour, two service counter employees are on duty, and their labor utilization is 75%?
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Chapter 8: Facility and Work Design
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Sample Questions
Q1) An assembly line is a type of product layout.
A)True
B)False
Q2) ALDEP is a process layout technique that focuses on materials handling costs as the primary solution.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which is not true regarding fixed-position layout?
A)Synonymous with project
B)High demand volume
C)An example is a sporting event
D)Used with large items
Q4) In a perfectly balanced assembly line, no bottlenecks exist.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Changes in goods and services for a firm's customer benefit package do not impact facility layouts.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of utilizing virtual teams.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Supply Chain Design
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which one of the following is not directly related to a supply chain?
A)Distribution center
B)Inventory
C)Promotion/Advertising
D)Supplier
Q2) Which one of the following statements is false?
A)Boeing's new 787 Dreamliner airplane has encountered many startup and supply chain coordination problems.
B)At Dell, Inc.customer financing of purchases is a post-production service in their value chain.
C)At Dell, Inc.installation, warranty, and field repair services are normally done on a prepaid contract basis with customers.
D)Federal Express has over one million pickup and delivery sites and therefore, is a good example of multisite management.
Q3) A push system
A)can adjust easily to poor forecasts
B)is more appropriate for make-to-order items
C)can reduce transportation costs by using full-truckload shipments
D)works best with variable sales patterns
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Chapter 10: Capacity Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) Revenue Management Systems (RMS)
A)are batched daily
B)rely solely on overbooking
C)are cost minimization models
D)are time-dependent
Q2) An entity in which idle capacity exists is called a ____.
A)Bottleneck work activity
B)Physical constraint
C)Non-bottleneck work activity
D)Nonphysical constraint
Q3) C&M Machining is developing plans for a dedicated production line and needs to determine how many drill presses will be needed.Engineering estimates are that one drill press will be able to process 120 parts per hour.Daily demand is 2,400 parts.C&M operates one 8 hour shift per day.How many drill presses are needed to meet the capacity requirements?
A)2 drills
B)3 drills
C)4 drills
D)5 drills
Q4) What is safety capacity? Discuss reasons for using it.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Forecasting and Demand Planning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Regression analysis
A)Is limited to one dependent and one independent variable
B)Is best with linear relationships
C)Maximizes the sum of the squared deviations between the actual time series value and the estimated values of the dependent variable
D)Can be used with time as the independent variable
Q2) Trends are characterized by repeatable periods of ups and downs over short periods of time.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A tracking signal provides a method for quantifying forecast
A)bias
B)error
C)accuracy
D)outliers
Q4) Repeatable periods of ups and downs over short periods of time are called ____.
A)Trends
B)Seasonal patterns
C)Cyclical patterns
D)Irregular variation
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Managing Inventories
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Sample Questions
Q1) A merchant wants to stock Christmas trees.She can place only one order per season.The merchant pays $30 for each tree and sells them for $80 each.She will incur an additional cost of $6 each for unsold trees that must be hauled to the landfill.If demand for Christmas trees is normally distributed with a mean of 365 trees and a standard deviation of 46 trees, how many trees should she order?
Q2) Costs associated with maintaining storage facilities such as gas and electricity, taxes, and insurance are associated with fixed ordering costs.
A)True
B)False
Q3) "C" items are the critical few that must be closely managed in an inventory system. A)True
B)False
Q4) Average inventory in the EOQ model is defined as
A)The order quantity divided by the number of inventory cycles per year
B)Annual usage divided by the number of inventory cycles per year
C)One-half the order quantity
D)One-half the annual usage
Q5) Explain the different types of inventories maintained throughout a value chain.
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Chapter 13: Resource Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) Resource management deals primarily with managing inventories in a value chain.
A)True
B)False
Q2) If forecast demand exceeds the total factory or supply capacity, managers might simply decide not to meet forecast demand.This decision would most likely be made at which planning level?
A)Aggregate planning - Level 1
B)Disaggregation - Level 2
C)Execution - Level 3
D)Capacity requirements planning
Q3) A scheduled receipt for an outside vendor is called a purchase order.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In MRP, it is essential that all dependent demand requirements be ordered at the beginning of the planning period.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Define Material Requirements Planning (MRP) and how it can benefit an organization.
Page 15
Q6) What is capacity requirements planning (CRP)?
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Chapter 14: Operations Scheduling and Sequencing
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Sample Questions
Q1) The SPT sequencing rule will maximize the average flow time.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The time to rest and travel between games for baseball umpire crews is an important factor in developing their schedule.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The time needed to process a given set of jobs is called
A)Flow time
B)Ready time
C)Makespan
D)Due date
Q4) Like the SPT rule, the earliest due date (EDD) rule minimizes the average flow time.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Scheduling refers to determining the order in which jobs or tasks are processed.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What four (4) decisions are considered in designing an appointment system?
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Quality Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) Both consultants and business professionals now agree on a universal definition of quality.
A)True
B)False
Q2) ISO 9000 is mainly used in the United States.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A Pareto diagram helps to understand the relationships between two variables and to verify possible cause and effect hypotheses.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The most relevant definition of quality for an operations manager is "conformance to specifications."
A)True
B)False
Q5) Joseph Juran preached the "14 Points" for management in his quality philosophy.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Discuss Kaizen and how it differs from a Kaizen Blitz.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Quality Control and Spc
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Sample Questions
Q1) Process capability quantifies the variation that results from common causes.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company uses which one of the following methods to control quality?
A)R-bar and x-bar control charts to monitor customer complaints.
B)The 1:10:100 rule for goods quality only
C)Self-control of the individual employee based on their spontaneous behavior.
D)The process capability index for all goods and services provided by the hotel.
Q3) Quality control focuses on the design of a good or service to ensure meeting customer expectations.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Honda wants to monitor the number of blemishes (scratches, blisters, etc.) on the fenders of its cars using a statistical process control chart.The most appropriate type of SPC chart is
A)x-bar.
B)R-bar chart.
C)C<sub>pk</sub> chart
D)c-chart
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Lean Operating Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not one of the 5Ss?
A)Synchronize
B)Standardize
C)Shine
D)Sustain
Q2) A manufacturing company is using a two-container Kanban system between a downstream (using) and an upstream (producing) work center.Each container holds 25 parts.The using work center can handle 100 parts per day.The average elapsed time for the entire cycle is currently .40 days.The company is concerned about the efficiency of the operation.
a.What is the safety factor for the current operation?
b.What is the maximum authorized inventory for this part?
c.If the number of containers is reduced to one, how many parts must it hold?
d.If the efficiency is changed to .10 and the number of parts per container is increased to 44, how many containers will be needed?
Q3) The goal of total productive maintenance is to minimize the costs associated with routine maintenance activities.
A)True
B)False
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Page 19
Chapter 18: Project Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the role of the project managers and some principles for success.
Q2) In which stage in the project life cycle would critical path calculations be performed?
A)Define
B)Plan
C)Organize
D)Control
Q3) In a matrix organization, functional managers may be reluctant to provide the resources and employees, and the employees assigned to projects may relegate a project to a lower priority than their daily functional job.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Strong leadership is an impediment to project management success because of the team-based nature of most projects.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe the four major steps in the project-planning process.
Q6) List at least six principal factors (contributors) to project success.
Q7) Explain the purpose of Gantt charts.
Page 20
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Chapter 19: Work Measurement, Learning Curves, and Standards
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are advantages of using regression analysis to determine standard time except
A)A smaller cycle time is used
B)Avoids the assumption of additive task times
C)Statistically significant variables can be determined
D)Confidence intervals for the prediction can be developed
Q2) At an 80% learning rate, if the first unit requires 100 labor hours, the 8th unit will require 64 hours.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Regression analysis is used to predict times based on different attributes of work. A)True
B)False
Q4) How do predetermined standards differ from time studies?
Q5) Define work sampling.Give both manufacturing and service applications.
Q6) For a time study, it is assumed the distribution of task times follow a Poisson distribution.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 20: Queuing Analysis
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Sample Questions
Q1) In queuing models, what are "channels"?
A)the walking paths through service systems
B)service phases
C)the number of waiting lines in a system
D)external sources from which customers originate
Q2) The multiple-server queuing model assumes jockeying can take place.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Discuss the five key assumptions for the basic, single-channel waiting line model.
Q4) A university bookstore opens a booth and buys back used books during final exam week.From 9 to 12 in the morning students arrive at the rate of 35 per hour on average.The bookstore employee can service an average of 40 students per hour.
a.What is the average length of the line?
b.What is the average time (in minutes) a student spends in the bookstore (system)?
c.What is the chance that the bookstore employee will be idle?
Q5) With a restaurant as an example, discuss the psychological methods used to affect customers' perceptions of waiting (to be seated, to be served, etc.).
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Page 22
Chapter 21: Modeling Using Linear Programming
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Sample Questions
Q1) Differentiate between a feasible solution and an optimal solution.
Q2) Explain the essence of a transportation problem.
Q3) Neither the R<sub>m</sub>, increase in the total production levels during Month 'm' compared to Month m-1, or the D<sub>m</sub>, decrease in the total production level during Month 'm' compared to Month m-1, can be negative because only positive changes would be permitted due to the non-negativity requirement.
A)True
B)False
Q4) (Ending inventory from the previous month) + (current production) - (ending inventory this month) =
A)Production rate change
B)This month's demand
C)Amount of overtime/under-time
D)Next month's inventory
Q5) The transportation problem is a special type of linear programming that arises in planning the distribution of goods and services from only one supply point to several demand locations.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 22: Simulation
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Q1) 'Balking' means a customer finds the wait while in line too long and thus leaves the line.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which is correct regarding a simulation model for inventory management?
A)Only demand can vary
B)The goal is to minimize waiting time
C)Looks at a combination of order quantity and reorder point
D)Does not allow backorders of stockouts
Q3) Simulation language ProcessModel contains all of the following except A)Objects
B)Connections
C)Action logic
D)Simulators
Q4) All of the following are verification techniques except
A)Developing logical flow charts
B)Testing the probability distribution used to drive the simulation and behavior of system entities
C)Breaking the problem into smaller pieces or modules
D)Codes can be checked by others, not just the programmer
Page 24
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Chapter 23: Decision Analysis
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Q1) A major retail clothing store is considering whether to open a new store on the other side of town or wait one year and then open the store.In the meantime, they have paid $10,000 for a one year option on a building.If they open the store now it will cost $140,000 to refurbish it, but it will cost $160,000 if they wait one year.They expect sales to depend on the economy in the area at the time they open the store.If they go ahead now, there is a 50% chance the economy will go up, 30% it will stay the same, and 20% it will go down.They then expect the following returns: if the economy goes up $200,000; stays the same $160,000; and goes down -$20,000. If they wait one year, they can either open the store then or not open the store and let the option expire.If the option expires, they will lose the $10,000.One year from now they expect there is a 40% chance the economy will go up, 30% stay the same, and 30% go down.The returns they expect to get would then be: if the economy goes up $180,000; stays the same $160,000; and goes down -$30,000.
a.Using decision tree analysis, what is the expected value of opening the store now?
b.Using decision tree analysis, what is the expected value of waiting one year to open the store?
c.What should the company do and what is the expected value of that decision?
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