Sports in American Society Test Questions
Course Introduction
This course examines the significant role sports play within American society, exploring the historical, cultural, economic, and political dimensions of athletic competition and recreation. Students will analyze how sports reflect and shape issues such as identity, race, gender, class, and nationalism, as well as the influence of media and commercialization. Through interdisciplinary readings and discussions, the course encourages critical thinking about the ways sports intersect with broader social trends, movements, and controversies in the United States.
Recommended Textbook
Sports in Society Issues and Controversies 11th Edition by Jay Coakley
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15 Chapters
798 Verified Questions
798 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Sociology of Sport: What Is It and Why Study
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Sample Questions
Q1) The author points out that sport cultures are
A)created as people in sports interact with each other.
B)essentially the same all over the world.
C)activities that remain the same through history.
D)organized so they have the same meanings in all societies.
Answer: A
Q2) When girls and women first challenged dominant gender ideology by entering the male world of sports, they were
A)defined by most people as heroic.
B)seen as sexually attractive.
C)welcomed by men.
D)demonized as abnormal and immoral.
Answer: D
Q3) Gender ideology refers to
A)ideas and beliefs based on scientific research about gender.
B)idealized definitions of how boys and girls ought to be raised.
C)ideas and beliefs about masculinity and femininity.
D)the biological origins of manhood and womanhood.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Producing Knowledge About Sports in Society:
How Is Knowledge Produced in the Sociology of Sport
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31 Verified Questions
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Q1) The theories most likely to be used in research on the process of developing and maintaining athletic identities are
A)interactionist theories.
B)Freudian theories.
C)cultural theories.
D)opportunity theories.
Answer: A
Q2) Theories that used concepts such as role model and identity are
A)interactionist theories.
B)cultural theories.
C)structural theories.
D)psycho-social theories.
Answer: A
Q3) Knowledge and theories in the sociology of sport enable us to
A)discover ultimate truths about the role of spots in society.
B)view sports from multiple perspectives.
C)predict how athletes and teams will perform under pressure.
D)eliminate the causes of serious injuries in sports.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Sports and Socialization: Who Plays and What Happens to Them
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Q1) Studies using a qualitative approach have found that becoming involved and staying involved in sports primarily is the result of
A)what parents want their children to do with their lives.
B)the needs of the social system of which a person is a part.
C)social forces that exist outside people and determine their decisions.
D)continuing processes of decision-making in people's lives.
Answer: D
Q2) Loic Wacquant's study of the social world of boxers in a Chicago gym indicated that boxing
A)enabled young men to learn violent strategies they could use on the streets.
B)sheltered young men from the destructive influences of the streets.
C)involved so much discipline that most young men dropped out.
D)became a major gang initiation ritual in the neighborhood around the gym.
Answer: B
Q3) Data on health, physical activity, and sports indicates that
A)some competitive sports have high health costs because injury rates are high.
B)playing rigorous competitive sports extends life expectancy beyond average.
C)good medical care has made most heavy-contact sports safer than aerobics.
D)playing competitive sports involves pressures to avoid playing while injured.
Answer: A
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Sports for Children: Are Organized Programs
Worth the Effort
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Sample Questions
Q1) The expert panel that developed the Youth Sports National Report Card also explained that youth sports in the United States
A)suffered from a lack of interest on the part of parents.
B)needed more improvement in officiating than in any major topic area.
C)had problems because children today have little interest in sports.
D)had lost its child-centered focus.
Q2) Informal games are generally organized to emphasize A)action and personal involvement in the action
B)adherence to rules and strict enforcement of rules.
C)winning and personal performance records.
D)the elimination of physical challenges.
Q3) In organized youth sport programs that emphasize the performance ethic there often is a corresponding emphasis on
A)making sure that children have fun in the programs.
B)putting children in many different programs rather than just one or two.
C)sport specialization among children.
D)pressuring children to quit sports once they have become skilled.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Deviance in Sports: Is It Out of Control
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Q1) According to the career model discussed in the chapter, when long time professional athletes retire from full time, year round training and competition and re-enter the "ordinary world," they
A)quickly embrace previously held identities.
B)find it difficult to become normal in that world.
C)enjoy the relative peacefulness of everyday life.
D)usually return to amateur competition in their sport.
Q2) An absolutist approach to deviance in sports is based on the assumption that A)there are no ideals in society.
B)humans have inborn tendencies to be evil.
C)humans have inborn tendencies to be moral.
D)unchanging moral truths are the foundation for all norms.
Q3) When a basketball player dribbles the ball out of bounds during a game, she has A)committed a personal foul.
B)violated a formal norm.
C)engaged in informal deviance.
D)engaged in an immoral act.
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Chapter 6: Violence in Sports: How
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Q1) Research on high school students has found that
A)males in heavy contact sports are involved in fewer fights than other athletes.
B)tennis players are involved in fewer fights than peers who don't play sports.
C)women soccer players has higher rates of fighting than any male athletes.
D)male students with football players as friends fought less than other students.
Q2) Historical evidence shows that compared to spectators in the past, spectators today are
A)less violent and less likely to disrupt action on the field.
B)more violent in the stands but less violent around the stadium.
C)less violent in the stadium but more violent around it.
D)more violent and more likely to use weapons in their violence.
Q3) Spectator violence varies with many factors.Which of the following is NOT one of those factors?
A)The location of the event.
B)Alcohol consumption by the spectators.
C)The importance of the teams as a source of identity for the spectators.
D)The personality profiles of regular spectators at an event.
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Chapter 7: Gender and Sports: Is Equity Possible
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Sample Questions
Q1) The author claims that achieving full gender equity in sports requires
A)more regulations about how money is used to fund sports.
B)a commitment among men to respect women as human beings.
C)changes in orthodox gender ideology.
D)the elimination of all men from women's programs.
Q2) The U.S.government law, Title IX, prohibits gender discrimination in A)all U.S.schools.
B)public elementary and high schools, but not colleges and universities.
C)any educational institution receiving federal money.
D)in all sports offered in schools or community programs.
Q3) When sport worlds are male-dominated it means that
A)men and men's lives are the expected focus of attention and stories.
B)men experience insecurities that make them very controlling.
C)people assume that it involves men and is about men.
D)ability and qualifications are associated with manhood and men.
Q4) The Caster Semenya case demonstrated that
A)widespread ideas about femininity are linked with ideas about race.
B)being identified as a real woman is more biological than social.
C)appearance is irrelevant when it comes to identifying a person's sex.
D)estrogens are naturally present in female bodies but not male bodies.
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Chapter 8: Race and Ethnicity:
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research indicates that sports are related to ethnicity in three ways.Which of the following is NOT one of those ways? Sports can be used to
A)break down barriers, discredit stereotypes and facilitate assimilation.
B)reduce the importance of a person's history and ethnic heritage.
C)preserve and extend supportive relationships in an ethnic population.
D)maintain ethnic segregation that undermines intergroup understanding.
Q2) Research on Major League Baseball indicates that Latino players
A)have poor performance records in the major leagues.
B)have declined in numbers in recent years.
C)demand higher signing bonuses than other players.
D)make up about 25% of all players on major league teams.
Q3) When people use continuous traits as a basis for identifying races,
A)it is clear that there are three major races.
B)there is no limit on the number of races that can be identified.
C)they assume that there are racial differences in athletic potential.
D)they base their racial classifications on scientific evidence.
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Chapter 9: Social Class: Do Money and Power Matter in Sports
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Sample Questions
Q1) When athletes sign pro sport contracts at 21 years old, they can expect to retire between the ages of
A)25 and 30 years old.
B)30 and 35 years old.
C)35 and 40 years old.
D)40 and 45 years old.
Q2) Data suggest that opportunities for African Americans in sports are
A)more scarce in team sports than in individual sports.
B)greater than they are in traditional professions such as medicine and law.
C)generally insignificant for the African American population as a whole.
D)more plentiful for African American women than for men.
Q3) When people who control money and economic power use their financial clout to organize and sponsor sports, they give preference to sport forms that A)eliminate participation opportunities for those who lack resources.
B)provide impossible challenges to less fortunate people in society.
C)reflect and maintain their own values and interests.
D)promote the idea that success depends on fate and lucky breaks.
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Age and Ability: Barriers to Participation and Inclusion
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Sample Questions
Q1) When the IOC branded itself and its logo, the Paralympics were forced to A)cancel the Paralympic Games for over 20 years.
B)allow their athletes to train and compete with Olympic athletes.
C)use a flag that resembled the flag of the IOC.
D)discontinue the use of the 5-teardrop flag.
Q2) An impairment becomes a disability only when
A)people with impairments allow a physical weakness to define them.
B)there is no technology that can correct the impairment.
C)people with impairments cannot present themselves to others as normal.
D)accommodations are not made to allow for full participation in a situation.
Q3) Prevailing ableist ideology is based on
A)Jewish religious beliefs about bodies and moral worth.
B)the idea that technology makes physical and intellectual abilities irrelevant.
C)the belief that people can be whatever they want to be regardless of age or ability.
D)an assumption that all impairments are abnormalities.
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Chapter 11: Sports and the Economy: What Are the
Characteristics of Commercial Sports
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Sample Questions
Q1) Michael Jordan has been a key figure in spreading around the world an ideology emphasizing that
A)sports are valuable tools for advertisers who must sell products.
B)basketball belongs back in neighborhoods under local control by people.
C)hard work is more important than a way of life based on consumption.
D)becoming a brand name is an empty achievement for athletes.
Q2) One of the key elements in the CBA signed in 2005 between the National Hockey League and the NHL Players Association were provisions that
A)set ticket prices for all NHL games.
B)allowed fans to vote on players' salaries.
C)limited team payrolls and salaries for players.
D)gave players the freedom to sign contracts with any team.
Q3) Many sport team owners have made requests for new stadiums because they want to
A)serve more local citizens from working class backgrounds.
B)have the highest-paid players in their respective leagues.
C)hold down ticket prices for the average sport spectator.
D)gain access to new revenue streams related to the stadium.
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Chapter 12: Sports and the Media: Could They Survive
Without Each Other
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Sample Questions
Q1) Golf and tennis are frequently covered sports on television because they
A)have more viewers than most other sport events.
B)are tied to the real estate and corporate interests of television executives.
C)attract revenues from companies hoping to reach high-income consumers.
D)have a special character that attracts people interested in pure sports.
Q2) Which of the following is an accurate statement about sports and the media?
A)All media coverage involves selective re-presentations of sports.
B)The media offset or reverse the effects of commercialization on sports.
C)The media destroy opportunities for us to see major sport events.
D)The media shape and determine our perspectives on sports.
Q3) Patterns associated with gender in the media coverage of sports have been slow to change because
A)media organizations are gendered institutions.
B)men in sports journalism refuse to cover women's events.
C)women in sports journalism refuse to cover women's events.
D)women athletes shy away from media coverage.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Sports and Politics: How Do Governments and Global Political Processes Influence
Sports
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Q1) Which of the following is NOT a reason for government intervention in sports?
A)Promoting economic development.
B)Safeguarding the public order.
C)Emphasizing dominant values.
D)Eliminating physical disabilities.
Q2) Research shows that if maintaining health and fitness is the goal, a nation should sponsor sports that are
A)noncompetitive and have aerobic benefits.
B)based on a power and performance model.
C)attractive to spectators as well as active participants.
D)competitive and have important rewards for winners.
Q3) To make sense of complex new political realities around the world we should
A)assume that sports are becoming modernized and Americanized.
B)ignore global processes and focus on studying local processes.
C)study changes on both the global and local levels.
D)focus attention on sport forms that have existed for more than 100 years.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Sports in High School and College: Do
Competitive Sports Contribute to Education
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Sample Questions
Q1) Participation rates in varsity high school sports since 1971 show that girls' participation
A)now surpasses boys' participation.
B)has increased but remains lower than boys' participation.
C)is declining at the same rate as the decline in boys' participation.
D)hit a peak in the 1980s and has declined over the past 30 years.
Q2) The U.S.Department of Education guidelines for providing equal sport participation opportunities for students with disabilities were needed because
A)fewer than 1% of high schools have teams for students with a disability.
B)students with a disability are forming their own teams and need guidance.
C)most students with a disability can play on standard school teams.
D)special education teachers have been organizing club teams for their students.
Q3) The student spirit created by high school sports
A)has negative consequences for the academic performance of students.
B)is produced and maintained by an investment of considerable resources.
C)are like nothing else for producing student satisfaction with their school.
D)leads to forms of community service among groups of students.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Sports and Religions: Is
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Q1) In sports that are associated with risky lifestyles, athletes sometimes use religion to A)gain endorsement contracts for wholesome products.
B)enable them to take risks without consequences.
C)strengthen their relationships with teammates who have problems.
D)generally stay out of trouble.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT one of the strategies used by Christian athletes use when they doubt the worth of their sport participation as an act of worship?
A)Developing friendships with non-Christian athletes.
B)Ignoring the moral questions related to behavior on the playing field.
C)Focusing on the ascetic dimensions of athletic training and performance.
D)Focusing on good works and service to others off the field.
Q3) When elite athletes experience a crisis of meaning in sports, research suggests that they
A)drop out of sports and focus on spiritual forms of recreation.
B)seek to change the rules of sports and the expectations of coaches.
C)use sport participation as a platform to promote their religious beliefs.
D)challenge the religious beliefs of their coaches.
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Page 17