Sports Biomechanics Practice Exam
Course Introduction
Sports Biomechanics explores the mechanical principles underlying human movement and their application to sport performance. This course examines how forces interact with the body to influence motion, efficiency, and injury risk in athletic contexts. Students will analyze movement techniques using tools such as video analysis, force plates, and motion capture systems, gaining insights into optimizing performance and developing injury prevention strategies. The course integrates anatomy, physiology, physics, and engineering concepts, preparing students to critically assess and improve the effectiveness of human movement in various sporting activities.
Recommended Textbook
Basic Biomechanics 6th Edition by Susan Hall
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825 Verified Questions
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Page 2
Chapter 1: What Is Biomechanics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following defines inference?
A) the process of elimination
B) the process of forming deductions from available information
C) the process of observation in a qualitative analysis
D) none of the above
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following is an example of a static situation?
A) a cyclist riding at a constant velocity
B) a person balancing motionless on one foot
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B
Answer: C
Q3) Which of the following is true about carpal tunnel syndrome?
A) it is a neurological impairment
B) it is associated with repetitive keyboard use
C) both A & B
D) none of the above
Answer: C
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3
Chapter 2: Kinematic Concepts for Analyzing Human Motion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is/are examples of superficial muscle(s)?
A) biceps
B) triceps
C) gastrocnemius
D) all of the above
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following terms means "farther from the head"?
A) distal
B) proximal
C) superior
D) inferior
Answer: D
Q3) In anatomical position, what term describes the radius relative to the ulna?
A) medial
B) lateral
C) posterior
D) anterior
Answer: B
Q4) Translation is a synonym for __________________ motion.
Answer: linear
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Chapter 3: Kinetic Concepts for Analyzing Human Motion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is/are true regarding density?
A) muscle tissue is more dense than fat tissue
B) specific weight is proportional to density
C) both A and B
D) none of the above
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following types of force exerts a squeezing effect on the body?
A) shear
B) compression
C) tension
D) all of the above
Answer: B
Q3) Which of the following statements is true?
A) weight is always a force
B) force is always a weight
C) pressure is synonymous with force
D) pressure is synonymous with weight
Answer: A
Q4) The opposite of tensile force (tension) is ___________________ force.
Answer: compressive
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Chapter 4: The Biomechanics of Human Bone Growth and Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the most common symptom of osteoporosis?
A) frequent headaches
B) joint pain in the extremities
C) back pain derived from vertebral fractures
D) swelling of the distal extremities
Q2) What happens when osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity?
A) bone mass increases
B) bone modeling
C) bone mass decreases
D) none of the above
Q3) Explain Wolff's law, including why it is important.
Q4) The tarsals are examples of what type of bones?
A) long bones
B) short bones
C) flat bones
D) irregular bones
Q5) A condition of reduced bone mineral density that predisposes the individual to fractures is called ___________________.
Q6) __________________ __________________ is the fracture resulting from repeated loading of relatively low magnitude. Page 6
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Page 7
Chapter 5: The Biomechanics of Human Skeletal
Articulations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following characterizes the "close-packed position" at a joint?
A) joint stability is minimum
B) muscular tension is maximum
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B
Q2) Which type(s) of arthritis is/are non-inflammatory?
A) rheumatoid arthritis
B) osteoarthritis
C) both A and B
D) none of the above (both A and B are inflammatory)
Q3) Range of motion at a joint is influenced by which of the following?
A) shape of the articulating surfaces
B) relative laxity and extensibility of the muscles crossing the joint
C) fluid content of the cartilage within the joint
D) both A and B
E) all of the above
Q4) List and describe four different joint injuries or pathologies.
Q5) Describe the different types of stretching exercises used to increase flexibility, including the advantages and disadvantages of each.
Q6) Explain the factors that contribute to joint stability. Page 8
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Page 9
Chapter 6: The Biomechanics of Human Skeletal Muscle
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Sample Questions
Q1) List and describe four common muscle injuries.
Q2) The torque of a muscle (rotary component) is greatest in what position?
A) when the moment arm is longest
B) when the muscle insertion is 90° to the bone
C) both A and B
D) position does not affect torque
Q3) Electrochemical delay in children is longer than in adults.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following statements represents the force-velocity relationship for muscle tissue?
A) contraction is faster when the load is heavier
B) contraction is slower when the load is heavier
C) contraction is slower when the load is lighter
D) the speed of contraction is not affected by the nature of the load
Q5) Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of multijoint muscles?
A) active insufficiency
B) passive insufficiency
C) both A and B
D) none of the above
Page 10
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Chapter 7: The Biomechanics of the Human Upper Extremity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which scapula muscles perform as stabilizers during pushups?
A) elevators
B) depressors
C) adductors
D) abductors
Q2) Concurrent movement of the scapula and the humerus is called
Q3) Which of the following groups are vulnerable to carpal tunnel syndrome?
A) jobs requiring repeated forceful wrist flexion
B) jobs requiring habitual resting of the arms on the palmar sides of the wrist
C) skateboarders
D) both A and B
E) all of the above
Q4) To best isolate the brachialis (reduce the effectiveness of the other flexors), perform arm curls with the forearm in what position?
A) neutral
B) supinated
C) pronated
D) does not matter
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Q5) The anatomical name for the elbow joint is the ___________________ joint.
Chapter 8: The Biomechanics of the Human Lower Extremity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not true about the menisci in the knee joint?
A) made of cartilage
B) larger surface area to distribute load
C) absorb shock
D) all of the above are true
Q2) What is the largest and most complex joint in the body?
A) hip
B) shoulder
C) knee
D) ankle
Q3) Which of the following is the most common of all knee injuries?
A) rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament
B) rupture of the medial collateral ligament
C) tear of the lateral meniscus
D) tear of the medial meniscus
Q4) Which of the following does not bear weight?
A) femur
B) tibia
C) fibula
D) talus
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Chapter 9: The Biomechanics of the Human Spine
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the enlarged cervical portion of the supraspinous ligament called?
A) anterior longitudinal ligament
B) posterior longitudinal ligament
C) ligamentum flavum
D) ligamentum nuchae
Q2) Which type of exaggerated curve is often caused by osteoporosis?
A) lordosis
B) kyphosis
C) scoliosis
D) all of the above
Q3) The most superior cervical vertebrae is called what?
A) atlas
B) axis
C) atlanto-axial
D) none of the above
Q4) Backing up a car has been identified as an activity of daily living which requires extreme range of motion in the cervical region.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The term "slipped disc" is often used to describe a ___________________ disc.
Page 13
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Chapter 10: Linear Kinematics of Human Movement
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Sample Questions
Q1) Toddlers exhibit more kinematic variability than adults during walking.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Why do elite long jumpers have take-off angles far less than the optimal 45°?
A) take-off velocity is higher during lower take-off angles
B) relative take-off height is zero
C) both A and B
D) none of the above
Q3) Which of the following is/are scalar quantity(ies)?
A) distance
B) speed
C) displacement
D) both A & B
Q4) A ___________________ is a body in free fall subject only to the forces of ___________________ and __________________ __________________.
Q5) When final velocity is larger than initial velocity, the acceleration is what?
A) zero
B) negative
C) positive
D) average
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Chapter 11: Angular Kinematics of Human Movement
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are appropriate units for tangential acceleration?
A) rad/s
B) m/s
C) rad/s<sup>2</sup>
D) m/s<sup>2</sup>
Q2) Maximizing tangential acceleration is important in which of the following situations?
A) punting a football for distance
B) serving a tennis ball
C) throwing a dart
D) both A and B
E) all of the above
Q3) The formula v = rw establishes the relationship between what?
A) linear and angular displacement
B) linear and angular velocity
C) linear displacement and linear velocity
D) angular displacement and angular velocity
Q4) A ___________________ is a unit of angular measurement equal to approximately 57.3°.
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15
Chapter 12: Linear Kinetics of Human Movement
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following correctly describes impact?
A) large force applied over a long period of time
B) large force applied over a short period of time
C) small force applied over a long period of time
D) small force applied over a short period of time
Q2) The formula for mechanical work is the product of which of the following?
A) force and displacement
B) force and time
C) acceleration and time
D) power and displacement
Q3) Which of the following factors does not affect the amount of friction generated between two dry surfaces?
A) the coefficient of friction between the two surfaces
B) the surface area in contact
C) the reaction force
D) the normal force
Q4) There are 2 formulas for mechanical power. Show how one formula can be derived from the other and explain the importance of power (relative to the formulas) in sport, dance or rehabilitation.
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Chapter 13: Equilibrium and Human Movement
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Sample Questions
Q1) A motionless body is in a state of static equilibrium.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A seesaw is an example of which class of lever?
A) 1<sup>st</sup> class
B) 2<sup>nd</sup> class
C) 3<sup>rd</sup> class
D) not a lever
Q3) In which of the following situations is maximal stability desirable?
A) a swimmer's starting position on the blocks before a race
B) a Sumo wrestler's crouched defensive stance
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B
Q4) A lever positioned with the applied resistance between the axis and the force is a ___________________ class lever.
Q5) The perpendicular distance between the line of force and the axis defines what?
A) torque
B) fulcrum
C) moment arm
D) none of the above
17
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Chapter 14: Angular Kinetics of Human Movement
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a diver goes from a full layout position to a tuck position, what will happen to her angular velocity?
A) increase
B) decrease
C) remain the same
D) need more information
Q2) When a cyclist rounds a curve, where does centripetal force act?
A) on the cyclist's center of gravity
B) on the cycle's center of gravity
C) on the tires of the cycle
D) on the ground
Q3) If total body angular momentum is 0, what will happen as the result of a forceful movement such as a spike?
A) compensatory rotation in lower body in opposite direction
B) compensatory rotation in upper body called follow-through
C) angular momentum is no longer 0
D) all of the above
Q4) Torque is the product of force and moment arm, or the product of moment of inertia and ___________________ ___________________.
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Chapter 15: Human Movement in a Fluid Medium
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the Bernoulli principle.
Q2) Which of the following is considered a foil shape?
A) human hand
B) discus
C) shot put
D) both A and B
E) all of the above
Q3) Which of the following is true regarding passive drag?
A) generated by a swimmer's body size, shape, and position in the water
B) inversely related to a swimmer's buoyancy
C) associated with the swimmer in motion
D) both A and B
E) all of the above
Q4) It is harder to float in salt water than fresh water.
A)True
B)False
Q5) If weight is equal to buoyant force, a body will sink.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Explain the forces that affect flotation.
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