Sociology of Work Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
Sociology of Work explores the social relations, structures, and changes surrounding work in contemporary society. The course examines how work is organized, the roles of employers and employees, and the impact of technology and globalization on labor markets. Students analyze theories of work, occupational hierarchies, workplace cultures, and the intersections of gender, race, and class in employment experiences. Issues such as the gig economy, labor rights, and the future of work are also discussed, providing a comprehensive understanding of how work shapes and is shaped by broader societal trends.
Recommended Textbook
Diversity in Organizations 3rd Edition by
Myrtle P. Bell
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16 Chapters
534 Verified Questions
534 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Study of Diversity in Organizations
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30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Individual benefits of working and learning in diverse environments (that have impacted positively on group dynamics) that have been documented by researchers include
A) being able to take the perspective of others.
B) higher grades for students.
C) seeing diversity as being divisive, but beneficial nonetheless.
D) greater attachment to members of one's own groups.
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following is true of group membership categories?
A) White men have reason to be concerned about diversity issues.
B) Because White men are now less likely to occupy leadership positions than others, they are more likely to seek the power to implement organizational level changes.
C) Multiple group memberships make diversity less important to everyone.
D) Some categories are immutable, but some may change over one's lifetime.
Answer: D
Q3) Diversity is beneficial only to women and minorities.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Theories and Thinking About Diversity
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Sample Questions
Q1) The fundamental attribution error
A) advantages non-dominant group members while disadvantaging dominant group members.
B) is the tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when evaluating behaviors of others.
C) is the tendency to underestimate the influence of internal factors and overestimate the influence of external factors when evaluating behaviors of oneself.
D) only happens when dominant group members evaluate the behavior of out-group members.
Answer: B
Q2) Hostile sexism pertains exclusively to women who are hostile toward men based on negative stereotypes.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Legislation
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50 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Federal legislation prohibits employment discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) One reason given for many complaints to the EEOC not resulting in settlements or judgments for the plaintiffs is a lack of diversity in the judiciary.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Which of the following is true of discrimination claims and the EEOC?
A) About 500,000 claims are filed with the EEOC annually.
B) Between 50 and 75% of claims filed are resolved in favor of the charging party each year.
C) The EEOC issues guidelines to assist employers in interpreting and complying with laws.
D) The EEOC first litigates, then attempts to conciliate when litigation is unsuccessful.
Answer: C
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5
Chapter 4: Blacksafrican Americans
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Black population is about
A) 30% of the U.S. population
B) 25% of the U.S. population
C) 20.5% of the U.S. population
D) 13.5% of the U.S. population
Q2) Evidence suggests that employers need to attend more to access discrimination because there is little treatment discrimination in organizations.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Access discrimination occurs when people are employed, but treated differently after employment.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Lack of job autonomy and advancement at work have been associated with stress and high blood pressure for Blacks.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Latinoshispanics
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about Hispanic women at work?
A) Hispanic women earn about 85% of what Hispanic men earn.
B) Hispanic women tend to work in female-dominated positions with other women of color.
C) Hispanic women have higher workforce participation rates than Black women.
D) Hispanic women have higher workforce participation rates than non-Hispanic White women.
Q2) In terms of access and treatment discrimination, which of the following is true of Hispanics?
A) Unlike African Americans, Hispanics do not experience much access discrimination.
B) Hispanics experience access discrimination, but almost no treatment discrimination.
C) Hispanics experience treatment discrimination, but almost no access discrimination.
D) Research has shown clear patterns of access and treatment discrimination against Hispanics.
Q3) Hispanic education levels differ by country of origin.
A)True B)False
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Chapter 6: Asians and Asian Americans
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Sample Questions
Q1) In 1922 an Asian with white skin was not categorized as White for immigration purposes.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In research on the effects of having an Asian (Chinese or Indian) or White name in selection decisions
A) Chinese applicants received the lowest suitability ratings.
B) because of their higher qualifications, White applicants were more likely to be chosen than Chinese or Indian applicants.
C) results were very different from results in the study that investigated the effects of having a Black-sounding name.
D) because of their higher qualifications, Chinese and Indian applicants were more likely to be chosen than White applicants.
Q3) Asian Americans' employment experiences
A) almost always result in access and favorable treatment.
B) has thus far avoided an encounter with the glass ceiling.
C) include being steered to jobs deemed inappropriate for them.
D) are sometimes shaped by stereotypes and media representations.
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Chapter 7: Whiteseuropean Americans
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Sample Questions
Q1) The population growth rate for non-Hispanic Whites is lower than that of Asians.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Title VII of the Civil Rights Act prohibits discrimination against Whites, including White males.
A)True
B)False
Q3) White men
A) are now less likely to occupy decision-making positions in organizations, making their commitment to equity and fairness of little value.
B) have infrequently participated as diversity allies.
C) worked and sometimes died along with people of color pursuing equality.
D) have all become victims of quotas and reverse discrimination.
Q4) Non-Hispanic White men with bachelor's degrees earn about $20,000 more than Asian men with bachelor's degrees.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: American Indians, Alaska Natives, and
Multiracial Group Members
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Sample Questions
Q1) Wilma Mankiller
A) was the first woman in modern history to serve as chief of an American Indian tribe.
B) is the coordinator for multiple lucrative American Indian casinos throughout the U.S.
C) sought to help American Indians reclaim their lands from Whites.
D) resented the focus on Blacks and Latinos instead of American Indians.
Q2) Which of the following is true of the American Indian/Alaska Native population?
A) It began to decline during the 1900s due to declining fertility rates and increasing mortality rates.
B) Changes in self-identification have contributed to increases in the population.
C) About 15% of the U.S. population is American Indian and Alaska Natives.
D) They have almost totally disappeared from urban areas.
Q3) The Mâori are indigenous people to New Zealand.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Until 1924, American Indians born in the U.S. were not U.S. citizens.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Sex and Gender
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Sample Questions
Q1) The great majority of women in the U.S. are employed in a small number of occupational groups, referred to as "crowding".
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is not true regarding White women and women of color in the workforce?
A) At a societal level, women of color occupy the lowest-paid, lowest-status jobs of any group.
B) White women have higher workforce participation rates than some women of color, but not others.
C) The combination of race and sex creates advantages for women of color, thus they have benefited more from affirmative action programs than White women.
D) The earnings of White women with a bachelor's degree are higher than similarly educated Black and Hispanic women.
Q3) Employers may find unintended positive outcomes result from efforts to remove discriminatory barriers to employment.
A)True
B)False
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11
Chapter 10: Work and Family
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31 Verified Questions
31 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In 2010 the Department of Labor changed some aspects of the FMLA (Family and Medical Leave Act) that include
A) clarifying the definition of son and daughter to mean a biological relationship.
B) clarifying the definition of son and daughter to mean a legal relationship.
C) broadening the description of who could be considered a son or daughter to include same-sex families with children.
D) restricting coverage of the law to federal government employees with management positions.
Q2) About half of employees are not covered by the FMLA.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The FMLA has few obvious inadequacies.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Compared with women, men are more likely to have access to flexible schedules.
A)True
B)False
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Sexual Orientation
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30 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Skin color is obvious but sexual orientation is invisible.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Being "out" at work, defined as disclosing one's gay or lesbian sexual orientation,
A) is more frequently chosen by gays in high level positions as being in a high level position makes them less likely to experience discrimination.
B) is more likely among gay people of color than white gays.
C) comes with both positive and negative consequences.
D) results in greater conflict between home and work for gays and lesbians.
Q3) Fortune 500 companies
A) are increasingly pursuing equity and fairness toward sexual minorities.
B) because of their public visibility, are unlikely to be industry leaders in offering benefits to same-sex partners.
C) are decreasing their offerings of health benefits to domestic partners of their gay and lesbian employees.
D) are attractive to many applicants, thus efforts to include gays and lesbians are not necessary.
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13
Chapter 12: Religion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Many religious minorities have come to the U.S. seeking, and always finding, refuge from religious persecution elsewhere.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Regarding religious organizations in the U.S.,
A) religious organizations are some of the most heterogeneous types of organizations.
B) although most Americans are Christian, there is diversity of beliefs among Christian organizations.
C) about 20% of Blacks worship in primarily White religious organizations.
D) little diversity of beliefs regarding women's roles and sexual orientation exists.
Q3) People of the same faith will all have the same level of religiosity.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Organizations should scrutinize their appearance requirements to determine if they may result in religious discrimination.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Age
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true of training older workers?
A) Older workers will retire soon after being trained, thus, organizations should be careful about investing training dollars in them.
B) Older workers learn differently than younger workers.
C) Organizations are more willing to train older workers because they are more mature.
D) Older workers are unwilling to learn new technologies.
Q2) Which of the following is true of age, accidents, and injuries at work?
A) Younger employees are more likely to be injured at work.
B) There is no relationship between age and accidents or injuries at work.
C) Older employees are more likely to be injured at work.
D) Proper training and supervision does not reduce the rate of accidents and injury at work.
Q3) Younger workers have higher turnover rates than older workers.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The ADEA prohibits disciplining older workers for poor performance.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Physical and Mental Ability
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34 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Reasonable accommodations
A) are those that cost between $50 to $500.
B) should be made for people with disabilities without regard to qualifications. C) vary by employer.
D) unduly burden employers.
Q2) Undue hardship
A) can be measured by comparing profits to number of employees.
B) refers to significant difficulty or expense relative to the attributes of the employer.
C) occurs with accommodations that are between 2 to 5% of revenues.
D) is a common occurrence when providing accommodations.
Q3) People with work disabilities who have a college degree earn about 50% less than people without work disabilities who have a college degree.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Walmart Corporation has consistently been a leader in employment and treatment of people with disabilities.
A)True
B)False
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Weight and Appearance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Non-Hispanic Whites are more likely to carry excess weight than non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Because overweight workers use more sick days than workers who are not overweight, employment discrimination against them is good business sense.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is true of research results about weight?
A) Preferences for thinner people does not exist among those who are fat.
B) Overweight children view social discrimination as the most immediate consequence of their weight.
C) In all cultures, overweight is undesirable.
D) In one study, there was no relationship between time spent watching television and obesity.
Q4) Thin people may be in worse health than fat people.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: International Diversity and Facing the Future
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Sample Questions
Q1) Women with similar or more education than men tend to have higher earnings and status than men, worldwide.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Regarding wage inequality and the glass ceiling,
A) in some industrialized nations, women occupy more than 40% of the highest positions.
B) in industrialized nations, women occupy no more than 10% of the highest positions.
C) worldwide, women earn about 80% of men's earnings.
D) in general, characteristics associated with successful managers are those associated with both men and women.
Q3) Nearly 2 million of the poor in the United States are working poor, earning too little to escape poverty.
A)True
B)False
Q4) There are some diversity concerns that are common to nations around the world.
A)True
B)False
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