Sociology of the Family Pre-Test Questions
Course Introduction
Sociology of the Family explores the structure, dynamics, and diversity of family life within contemporary society. The course examines how families are influenced by social, economic, cultural, and historical forces, and investigates topics such as marriage, parenting, gender roles, family diversity, and the impact of policy on family life. Students analyze theoretical perspectives and research findings to understand how families adapt to social change, address challenges, and contribute to the broader social fabric.
Recommended Textbook
Sociology in Our Times 6th Canadian Edition by Jane Murray
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Chapter 1: The Sociological Perspective
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who is credited with having coined the term sociology?
A)Harriet Martineau
B)Herbert Spencer
C)Émile Durkheim
D)Auguste Comte
Answer: D
Q2) What is the process by which an increasing proportion of a population lives in cities rather than in rural areas?
A)suburbanization
B)urbanization
C)industrialization
D)rural transformation
Answer: B
Q3) Most high-income countries offer a high standard of living and a lower death rate due to good nutrition and advances in medical technology.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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3
Chapter 2: Sociological Research
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Q1) Which method of data collection listed below allows for comparisons between different groups of people?
A)field research
B)surveys
C)experiments
D)secondary analysis
Answer: B
Q2) When Marcus chooses the sample for his research,he wants to ensure that the sample is a miniature version of the Canadian population as a whole.What type of sample is Marcus using?
A)general sample
B)representative sample
C)random sample
D)stratified sample
Answer: B
Q3) All social research makes use of hypotheses.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statement best defines culture?
A)A large social grouping that occupies the same geographic territory.
B)A set of ideas,behaviours,and material possessions.
C)An interdependent relationship between nations.
D)A divergent set of worldviews.
Answer: B
Q2) Canadians may believe that they are law abiding,but will routinely fail to wear a seat belt or slow down in school zones.What does this demonstrate?
A)A discrepancy between ideal culture and real culture.
B)The difference between Canadians and Americans.
C)The differences between material culture and nonmaterial culture.
D)A discrepancy between cultural universals and value contradictions.
Answer: A
Q3) Storytelling is an example of what type of culture?
A)linguistic
B)oral
C)abstract
D)symbolic
Answer: B
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Socialization
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research investigations have confirmed that women are more compassionate than men.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Define gender socialization and provide an example.
Q3) According to the text,which of the following is NOT a function of socialization?
A)It enables us to develop our human potential.
B)It is essential for the survival and stability of society.
C)It provides a basis for studying sociology.
D)It helps individuals acquire a self-identity.
Q4) What is the most important agent of socialization in all societies?
A)the school
B)the media
C)the workplace
D)the family
Q5) Define the concept of anticipatory socialization and provide an example.
Q6) List Wilbert Moore's four stages of occupational socialization.
Q7) Define socialization and explain why this process is essential for the individual and society.
Q8) Describe the process of involuntary resocialization.Provide an example.
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Chapter 5: Society, social Structure, and Interaction
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Q1) Define impression management and provide an example of how people manage impressions in the classroom.
Q2) What type of social group are family members,close friends,and peers examples of?
A)Emergent
B)Traditional
C)Secondary
D)Primary
Q3) List and describe the main components of social structure.
Q4) What name did Hall give to the immediate area surrounding us that we claim as private?
A)private zone
B)distance zone
C)personal space
D)public distance
Q5) The need for personal space decreases with age.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Explain how emotional labour can produce feelings of estrangement from one's "true" self.
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Chapter 6: Groups and Organizations
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Q1) Which of the following statements best describes Kanter's (1977)findings on gender and race in informal networks?
A)cultural sanctions
B)informal sanctions
C)non-material sanctions
D)positive sanctions
Q2) That fast-food restaurants are dehumanizing for both customers and employees suggests the irrationalities of rationality.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which term refers to the process of maintaining or changing behaviour to comply with norms?
A)cohesion
B)distinction
C)conformity
D)hierarchy
Q4) McDonaldization is primarily a North American phenomenon.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Crime and Deviance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which phenomena did Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin describe with such terms as criminal,conflict,and retreatist?
A)delinquent subcultures
B)conflicted groups
C)subcultures
D)rebellious youth
Q2) Canada has a much higher rate of incarceration than most industrialized countries,except for the United States and England and Wales.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which perspective asserts that people are sometimes exposed to cultural goals that they are unable to obtain because they do not have access to culturally approved means of achieving them?
A)the conflict perspective
B)the symbolic interactionist perspective
C)the functionalist perspective
D)the social control perspective
Q4) According to Hirschi,what are the four features of social bonding?
Q5) Using an example,discuss the relationship between crime and gender.
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Chapter 8: Social Class and Stratification in Canada
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Q1) Which of the following is NOT a feature of relative poverty?
A)People do not have the means to secure basic necessities.
B)People are unable to maintain an average standard of living.
C)People have the means to secure basic necessities.
D)People live in societies that are based on principles equity.
Q2) What is the "deindustrialization of North America"?
A)a transformation from steam power to nuclear power
B)the loss of a large number of jobs due to automation and the transfer of jobs to other countries
C)a trend in which workers,having obtained higher education than in the past,are unwilling to take industrial jobs
D)a drastic increase in factory and other hourly-rated jobs
Q3) According to Erik Olin Wright's model,who holds most of the wealth and power in society?
A)the upper class
B)the capitalist class
C)the managerial class
D)the entrepreneur class
Q4) Define the concepts of vertical and horizontal mobility.Provide an example for each.
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Chapter 9: Global Stratification
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Sample Questions
Q1) World systems theory analyzes how commodity production is split into fragments and outsourced to different nations.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Some analysts have suggested that the problem of inequality lies not in excess but in poverty.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What has most likely occurred in countries where fertility has decreased,women earn more,and children's health outcomes have improved?
A)Poverty has stabilized.
B)Economic restructuring has occurred.
C)Literacy has risen.
D)Divorce has decreased.
Q4) How many women die each year during pregnancy and childbirth?
A)25,000
B)50,000
C)75,000
D)100,000
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Chapter 10: Ethnic Relations and Race
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Q1) Racism involves elements of prejudice,ethnocentrism,stereotyping,and discrimination.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Signs such as "No dogs or Jews allowed" represent which of the following experiences typical of Jewish Canadians between 1933 and 1945?
A)ethnic pluralism
B)discrimination in business,employment,and education
C)anti-Semitism
D)blatantly racist aspects of immigration policy
Q3) According to a functionalist perspective,what kind of assimilation is exemplified by the integration of the Ukrainian community in Winnipeg,Manitoba,through schools and churches?
A)biological
B)psychological
C)structural
D)cultural
Q4) Canada is colour-blind.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Gender
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Sample Questions
Q1) What would a scholar who approaches gender stratification from a multicultural feminist perspective attempt to do?
A)analyze how alternative institutions,such a daycare centre at her workplace,would better meet Miranda's needs
B)analyze how Miranda's rights as a citizen are denied by lack of access to quality child-care options
C)analyze how Miranda's race,class,and gender influences her experience of family and work
D)analyze how Miranda is being exploited at home and at work
Q2) Which of the following statements does NOT describe the distribution of university degrees between men and women?
A)Women are less likely to obtain a doctorate degree.
B)Men are less likely to receive an undergraduate degree.
C)Women are more likely to receive a master's degree.
D)Men are equally likely to receive an undergraduate degree.
Q3) The pay gap between men and women is the best-documented consequence of gender-segregated work.
A)True
B)False
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Sex, sexualities, and Intimate Relationships
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Q1) Which of the following changes was NOT an outcome of the sexual revolution in the 1960s?
A)Attitudes towards female sexuality became more liberal.
B)Sexual intercourse before marriage was no longer considered taboo.
C)There was greater tolerance towards lesbian and gay sexuality.
D)Safe sex was encouraged through government subsidies for birth control pills.
Q2) Which term refers to a preference for emotional-sexual relationships with members of the opposite sex?
A)homosexuality
B)bisexuality
C)gendered sexuality
D)heterosexuality
Q3) Define sexual scripts and provide an example.
Q4) To what extent does the sexual double standard still exist? Provide examples.
Q5) Approximately 30 percent of Canadian women experience intimate partner violence.
A)True B)False
Q6) As relationship length increases,contraceptive pill use decreases.
A)True B)False
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Chapter 13: Families
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Q1) Which term refers to a social network of people based on common ancestry,marriage,or adoption?
A)a family
B)a clan
C)a band
D)a kinship
Q2) Which type of family arrangement do Sharon and Arlene and their adopted son,Liam,constitute?
A)casual families
B)alternative families
C)non-traditional families
D)families we choose
Q3) Which type of family structure has had the most significant increase since the early 1980s?
A)lone-parent families
B)married couples
C)cohabitating couples
D)blended families
Q4) Discuss the structure of egalitarian families and provide an example.
Q5) In what sense is the postmodern family permeable?
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Chapter 14: Education
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the Toronto District School Board,what percentage of black students failed to complete high school in 2009?
A)less than 10 percent
B)between 15 and 20 percent
C)about 25 percent
D)over 30 percent
Q2) Tyler's brother got into trouble a lot in grade two.Three years later,when Tyler is placed with the same teacher for grade two,she assumes that his behaviour will mirror his older brother's.His teacher labels Tyler as a behavioural problem.Which concept does this illustrate?
A)a self-fulfilling prophecy
B)a learning disability
C)a defeating perception
D)a fallacy of reasoning
Q3) At the macrolevel,the social institution of education is important for maintaining and perpetuating the culture of a society across generations.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Compare and contrast formal and informal education.
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Chapter 15: Religion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the issue of religious terrorism.How does it differ from other types of terrorist activities?
Q2) Conflict theorists such as Karl Marx view religion as serving positive functions in society.
A)True
B)False
Q3) According to Statistics Canada,what percentage of Canadians reported no religion in 2003?
A)under 5 percent
B)about 10 percent
C)between 15 and 20 percent
D)over 25 percent
Q4) Which term is used by some sociologists to refer to cults?
A)new religious movements
B)churches
C)denominations
D)sects
Q5) Compare and contrast Karl Marx and Max Weber's conflict perspectives on religion.
Q6) Define the term cult and provide an example.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Health, health Care, and Disability
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Sample Questions
Q1) Kathy is writing about health from a postmodern perspective.Which statement best illustrates her views?
A)Illness affects how a person relates with others in their social world.
B)Illness is created in the convergences between culture and biology.
C)Traditional practices of treating illness often have more favourable outcomes than medicine.
D)Defining illness involves a power struggle over meaning.
Q2) Per capita health care costs in Canada are higher than in the United States.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which perspective would focus on the profound effects of medicalization on the practices of mothering,child rearing,and childbirth?
A)functionalist theory
B)conflict theory
C)feminist theory
D)symbolic interactionist theory
Q4) Once medicalized,a condition cannot be demedicalized.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Mass Media
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following terms describes the process of giving prominence to particular individuals by focusing media attention on them?
A)narcotization
B)status conferral
C)virtual mobility
D)role concentration
Q2) Discuss some of the controversies surrounding new media and privacy.
Q3) David is writing about the mass media from a symbolic interactionist perspective.Which of the following statements best exemplifies his views?
A)The Internet plays a big role in how people come to view themselves as transgendered.
B)The Internet has a major influence on the consumption habits of a society.
C)Without the Internet,people would struggle to obtain current international news.
D)The Internet distributes information that reproduces stereotypes about men and women.
Q4) Discuss the issue of deception in the mass media using the concept of the culture industry.
Q5) Discuss how the media can be used to build a negative national consciousness.
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Chapter 18: Aging
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Q1) Which of the following statements does the text make about nursing homes?
A)They are the most economical environment for older persons.
B)They are the most restrictive environment for older persons.
C)They do not provide adequate care for older persons.
D)They are best able to provide care for those without family support.
Q2) Amy is a very active 70-year-old.She plays tennis regularly and usually beats her 35-year-old son.which surprises people.This demonstrates that we hold preconceived ideas about what is appropriate behaviour based on which age category?
A)chronological age
B)functional age
C)conspicuous age
D)relative age
Q3) What is gerontology?
A)the study of the sociobiological aspects of aging
B)the study of aging and older people
C)the study of the social aspects of aging
D)the study of the physical aspects of aging
Q4) Support services are more costly than institutional care.
A)True
B)False
Page 20
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Chapter 19: The Economy and Work
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Q1) Which statement best summarizes the text's discussion of part-time work?
A)Employers benefit by hiring working on a part-time basis because it helps cut costs and maximize profits.
B)Many people are forced to work full-time because they lack opportunities for part-time employment.
C)Most part-time workers are adults,many of whom are working while in a training program.
D)Men are much more likely to hold part-time jobs than women are.
Q2) According to the text,which of these individuals would benefit the most from the post-industrial economy?
A)an information systems analyst
B)a craft worker
C)an artisan
D)a unionized worker at a Chrysler plant
Q3) What is the most common form of employment in a post-industrial economy?
A)jobs like Jeff's;he works as an information systems analyst
B)jobs like Susan's;she works at a nail salon
C)self-employment like Mary's job;she operates a home business
D)jobs like Faaris's;he works at manufacturing children's toys
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Page 21
Chapter 20: Power, politics, and Government
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Q1) Canada's constitutional debate has largely focused on the role of our "two founding peoples."
A)True
B)False
Q2) Through what social institution do some people and groups acquire and exercise power?
A)government
B)economics
C)politics
D)the military
Q3) You have just been to a meeting to debate the extent of poverty in your city as well as remedies for this situation.In what type of political system do you live?
A)communism
B)direct participatory democracy
C)representative democracy
D)socialism
Q4) From Max Weber's perspective,charismatic leaders are heroes.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 21: Population and Urbanization
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Q1) Malia has moved to Canada from Ghana.Which of the following was likely of primary concern in her choosing where to settle in Canada?
A)language
B)availability of jobs
C)presence of others from one's former home
D)crime rate
Q2) In 2008,what was the crude death rate in Canada per 1,000?
A)4
B)7
C)17
D)21
Q3) Which of the following statements best describes Canada's immigration policies?
A)Immigrants are allowed access to the labour market but denied social benefits.
B)Immigrants are incorporated into the host society through conformity.
C)Immigrants are encouraged to retain their ethnic languages and cultures.
D)Immigrants with marketable skills receive better legal rights than unskilled immigrants.
Q4) Describe Canada's population composition.Compare and contrast Canada's population with that of another country discussed in Chapter 21.
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Chapter 22: Collective Behavior, social Movements, and Social Change
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Q1) People who gathered together after the death of Princess Diana in 1997 to release grief and emotion were participating in what kind of crowd?
A)conventional
B)expressive
C)acting
D)casual
Q2) At a rally to protest the slaughter of cattle,Jeff becomes increasingly angry.Although not usually violent,he takes his boot and throws it at an executive for the Alberta Beef Industry.According to Le Bon's contagion theory,what happened?
A)Jeff was transformed from a collective to a rational being.
B)Jeff took on the hate and fear of the crowd and felt less personal responsibility for his actions.
C)Jeff was simply organizing to bring about social change.
D)Lack of anonymity made it harder for Jeff to engage in violence.
Q3) Robert Park added which additional elements to contagion theory?
A)civil disobedience and social harm
B)social unrest and circular reaction
C)cyclical reaction and social unease
D)norms and values
Page 24
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