Sociology of Poverty Final Exam
Course Introduction
Sociology of Poverty examines the social, economic, and political factors that contribute to poverty within societies, both locally and globally. The course explores theories of poverty, historical and contemporary patterns of inequality, and the ways institutions such as education, labor markets, health care, and the criminal justice system perpetuate or address poverty. Students analyze the lived experiences of those in poverty, considering the intersections of race, gender, age, and geography, and critically evaluate policy responses and social movements aimed at alleviating poverty. Through empirical research and case studies, students gain a deeper understanding of the causes and consequences of poverty and the ways it shapes individual lives and society as a whole.
Recommended Textbook
Social Problems 14th Edition by William Kornblum
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15 Chapters
1142 Verified Questions
1142 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Sociological Perspective on Social Problems
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76 Verified Questions
76 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which classic figure from early sociology does your text use to exemplify the functionalist perspective on social problems?
A)Herbert Spencer
B)Karl Marx
C)Max Weber
D)Emile Durkheim
E)William I.Thomas
Answer: D
Q2) Which classic figure from early sociology made major contributions to the conflict perspective on social problems?
A)Herbert Spencer
B)Karl Marx
C)Max Weber
D)Emile Durkheim
E)William I.Thomas
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Problems of Health and Healthcare
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77 Verified Questions
77 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dennis Altman's study of the social,political,and psychological impact of AIDS in America highlights which theoretical perspective?
A)conflict
B)functionalist
C)interactionist
D)developmental
E)social disorganization
Answer: A
Q2) The functionalist argues that a consumer does not have sufficient knowledge to judge the effectiveness of sophisticated treatments.This refers to the issue of
A)restricted entry
B)misallocated supply
C)lack of price competition
D)product uncertainty
E)norms of treatment
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Problems of Mental Illness and Treatment
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82 Verified Questions
82 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When Thomas Scheff states that what is typically referred to as mental illness is a form of residual deviance,he means that much of what is called mental illness
A)involves reactions to social conventions that are taken for granted
B)is deviance that is left over from ordinary forms
C)is mental illness that resides in the individual's social conscience
D)is deviance that is a residue from physical illness
E)is mental illness that is biologically caused by certain residues
Answer: A
Q2) The __________ perspective focuses on how social inequality and deprivation may be associated with mental illness.
A)interactionist
B)conflict theorist
C)functionalist
D)social disorganization
E)social pathology
Answer: B
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Alcohol and Other Drugs
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81 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Among the most important factors in beginning illicit drug use is __________.
A)the opportunity to use drugs through acquaintance with a user
B)psychological problems that predispose one to drug use
C)whether one has smoked tobacco
D)the enforcement policy of local law enforcement
E)one's occupation
Q2) Alcohol is implicated in ____________ percent of all fatal highway accidents in the United States.
A)10
B)25
C)40
D)60
E)75
Q3) Addiction,habituation,and psychological dependence are all terms that refer to different aspects of drug use and abuse.Describe how these terms have been used.Provide an accurate definition of each.
Q4) Alcohol use has become thoroughly integrated into Western culture.Describe the ways that alcohol is incorporated into social and economic life.What problems are created by alcohol abuse?
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Chapter 5: Crime and Violence
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93 Verified Questions
93 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sample surveys of Americans indicate that crimes reported to the police account for about __________ percent of actual offenses.
A)33
B)41
C)52
D)67
E)75
Q2) Sociologists believe that the recent decline in crime rates is a result of
A)the rapid increase in the number of prison inmates
B)the waning of the crack epidemic in the largest metropolitan centers
C)increases in police forces throughout the nation
D)All of the above
E)None of the above
Q3) Of the following crimes,__________ is NOT found on the official crime index.
A)burglary
B)murder and nonnegligent manslaughter
C)aggravated assault
D)arson
E)embezzlement
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Chapter 6: Poverty and Affluence
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81 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A social class is a large number of people who __________.
A)were born at approximately the same time
B)have nothing in common but level of wealth
C)reside in the same part of a nation
D)have approximately the same degree of economic well-being
E)share the same specific job
Q2) Construct a profile of the poor in American society.Who are the most likely to be poor? How do various groups of people that are more likely to be in poverty compare using basic socioeconomic indicators?
Q3) The idea that poverty is relative rather than absolute is __________.
A)a very recent one
B)nothing new
C)a product of the Reagan/Bush administrations
D)a product of the Clinton administration
E)an outgrowth of the 1990s
Q4) Major employers and powerful political leaders are part of the __________ class.
A)upper
B)upper-middle
C)middle
D)working
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Racism, Prejudice, and Discrimination
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Sample Questions
Q1) When we consider factors of social structure that are important in the origins of prejudice and discrimination,we observe that dominance and subordination involve a competitive struggle for possession of valued goods.According to the text,this is,ultimately __________.
A)a psychological process,understood by investigating human acquisitiveness
B)an economic process of free-market competition
C)an educational process involving the acquisition of skills
D)a religious process,reflecting the dominant values of the society
E)a political process involving a struggle for power
Q2) A recent study by the Harvard Project on School Desegregation revealed that __________.
A)resegregation of the races is decreasing
B)the vast majority of white students attend schools that enroll an equal number of white and of minority group members
C)enrollment of Hispanic students has decreased by almost 200 percent
D)All of the above
E)None of the above
Q3) One of the most common techniques employed to effect school desegregation was busing.What does the evidence of over two decades of busing show?
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Gender and Sexuality
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74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the late 1970s and early 1980s,the women's movement encountered increasing Opposition and its momentum slowed.With the election of President __________,the Movement gained greater influence in Washington.
A)Clinton
B)Ford
C)Johnson
D)Nixon
E)Reagan
Q2) A job whose requirements and contribution are the same as those of another job should have the same rate of pay as that other job.This principle refers to the idea of
A)comparable worth
B)pay inequity
C)wage equality
D)minimum wage
E)median value reimbursement
Q3) What are some of the advancements that the women's movement in the United States has made since it was officially founded in 1848?
Q4) Sexism has several sources.Define sexism and describe its various sources.
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Chapter 9: An Aging Society
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Sample Questions
Q1) The text points out that the proportion of the elderly in certain cities far exceeds the U.S.average of __________ percent.
A)8.4
B)12.8
C)18.4
D)21.6
E)24.8
Q2) According to the text,___________ percent of Medicaid expenditures are for the care of the elderly.
A)35
B)48
C)52
D)63
E)75
Q3) Special institutions designed for the terminally ill are called __________.
A)hospitals
B)convalescent homes
C)nursing homes
D)hospices
E)death residences
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Chapter 10: The Changing Family
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81 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A family in which there is child abuse typically can have __________.
A)only one parent
B)a low socioeconomic status and level of education
C)a highly authoritarian parent
D)changed its place of residence frequently
E)All of the above
Q2) A family experiences problems because a family member is involved in marital infidelity,a serious physical or mental disorder,or a decision to work instead of taking care of the children.These family problems are due to __________.
A)personal inadequacies
B)family inflexibility
C)internal crises
D)immorality
E)externally imposed crises
Q3) List and describe the basic social problems related to family life.
Q4) Describe the ongoing debate over divorce law.
Q5) How did the 1996 Welfare Reform Act affect teen pregnancy? Did "welfare incentive" theory prove itself?
Q6) Describe the changes in social policy that would most diminish family problems.
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Chapter 11: Problems of Education
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67 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The __________ approach to educational problems views the schools as agents of social control whose task it is to reinforce society's values and to control deviance through discipline.
A)interactionist
B)functionalist
C)labeling
D)class conflict
E)social disorganization
Q2) The quality of education available to central-city residents is lower than that available to white suburban residents.This is explained by __________.
A)central-city residents having lower IQs
B)central-city schools having fewer resources
C)county-wide busing
D)educational values that stress achievement
E)prejudiced school administrators
Q3) Considering the American emphasis on education,why is our educational institution under such intense criticism today? Trace these criticisms.Are they valid? Why or why not?
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13
Chapter 12: Problems of Work and the Economy
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71 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of a massive layoff?
A)When an employer lays off employees who are union members.
B)When an employer lays off employees who don't apply for benefits.
C)When at least 50 employees are laid off by a single employer.
D)When an employer lays off at least 10 employees every season.
E)When unemployment is covered up by the government.
Q2) When people refer to the American free-enterprise system,they are talking about an economic system known as __________.
A)Keynesianism
B)capitalism
C)marketism
D)modified socialism
E)oligopoly
Q3) The free-enterprise system has been influenced by concentrated power.Who has held and exercised this power? How has the free-market been influenced?
Q4) What are the consequences of unemployment? Be sure to include the impact of economic recessions on unemployment.
Q5) What are the major problem aspects of work? How do they affect other aspects of social life?
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Chapter 13: Population and Immigration
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the demographic transition? Describe the stages in the transition,giving examples of nations in each stage.What major nondemographic events accompanied the changes from one stage to the next?
Q2) On the world stage,population policies are often hammered out at world congresses such as the International Conference on Population and Development,held in __________ in 1994.
A)New York City
B)Cairo
C)London
D)Nairobi
E)Helsinki
Q3) The __________ rate refers to the average number of children born per woman throughout the childbearing years.
A)crude birth
B)adjusted birth
C)total fertility
D)fecundity
E)census-based fertility
Q4) What are undocumented immigrants? Give examples.
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Chapter 14: Technology and the Environment
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the concepts basic to understanding environmental stress emphasizes that everything is related to,and depends upon,everything else.This is captured by the phrase
A)the organic network
B)the web of life
C)all or nothing at all
D)the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
E)the network of living things
Q2) Radioactive wastes must be stored safely for __________ years before they become harmless.
A)at least 10
B)a minimum of 50
C)about 100
D)at least 500
E)up to 1,000
Q3) Environmental stress can be conceptualized as involving the interrelated action of "three systems." List and define these and how they interface.Provide some specific examples.
Q4) What is "whistle blowing"? Why do people do this and what typically happens when they do?
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Chapter 15: War and Global Insecurity
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an absolute threat to the movement seeking disarmament and arms control in the world today?
A)As of 2010,all countries of the world have so far been able to completely ban nuclear weapons.
B)Agreements such as SALT have barred the production of new weapons such as cruise missiles by the world's superpowers.
C)The United States is still the world's leading supplier of conventional weapons,and has been accused of renewing arms races in regional hot spots.
D)Wealthier nations like Kuwait have moved to assist poorer nations like Somalia and Angola to clear their land of unexploded ammunition and buried land mines.
E)None of the above.
Q2) How has technology affected the ways in which wars are waged? Provide some specific examples.
Q3) What are the major forces or "actors" at work internationally that affect the possibilities for peace or war? How could these forces make peace more likely?
Q4) What are the direct and indirect effects of war? How will nuclear war differ?
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