Sociology of Gender Final Exam
Course Introduction
Sociology of Gender explores the social construction and implications of gender in contemporary and historical contexts. The course examines how gender shapes individual identities, social interactions, and institutional structures, considering intersections with race, class, sexuality, and other dimensions of difference. Through a critical lens, students analyze theories of gender, the role of media and culture, and the impact of social policies, gaining insights into the persistence of gender inequalities and the possibilities for social change.
Recommended Textbook
Gender Ideas Interactions Institutions 2nd Edition by Lisa Wade
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12 Chapters
381 Verified Questions
381 Flashcards
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2
Chapter 1: Ideas
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30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compare and contrast the terms "transgender" and "cisgender." In the development of your answer,make sure to discuss how a male-bodied individual who is transgender and a male-bodied individual who is cisgender will differ in their gender identification.
Answer: "Transgender" refers to a group of people who experience some form of gender dysphoria,which is a discomfort with the relationship between their bodies' assigned sex and their gender identity,or otherwise reject the gender binary. "Cisgender" refers to male-bodied and female-bodied people who comfortably identify and express themselves as men and women,respectively. A male-bodied individual who is transgender may identify as a woman,as genderqueer,as gender fluid,and so on.A male-bodied cisgender individual would identify as a man.
Q2) What percentage of the population are estimated to be intersex or transgender?
A)10 percent
B)0.2 percent
C)95 percent
D)1 percent
Answer: A
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Bodies
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31 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to research,testosterone is correlated with visual-spatial ability.Which individuals typically perform the best on visual-spatial tests?
A)high-testosterone men and high-testosterone women
B)low-testosterone men and low-testosterone women
C)high-testosterone men and low-testosterone women
D)low-testosterone men and high-testosterone women
Answer: D
Q2) First,describe an animal species that has a high level of sexual dimorphism and an animal species that has a low level of sexual dimorphism.Then,evaluate where you think humans fit on the sexual dimorphism scale.Are they more similar to the species that has a high level of sexual dimorphism or the species that has a low level of sexual dimorphism? Make sure to explain your reasoning.
Answer: Examples of high sexual dimorphism include anglerfish,green spoonworms,peacocks,and elephant seals.Examples of low sexual dimorphism include Fischer's lovebird.Humans will most likely be placed in between these two,and probably closer to the low end.
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4
Chapter 3: Performances
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32 Verified Questions
32 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following descriptions best conveys the meaning of the term "gender policing"?
A)culturally specific instructions for how a man or a woman of a certain social status should appear and behave
B)responses to violations of gender rules aimed at promoting conformity
C)the process by which something becomes coded as masculine or feminine
D)the idea that we all have been socialized to fit gender binary roles
Answer: B
Q2) Why do most of us do gender,at least a little,in our everyday interactions?
A)If you don't do gender,you become culturally unintelligible and people will not know how to interact with you.
B)We all find doing gender to be enjoyable and pleasurable.
C)Our biological differences program us to act in specific,gendered ways.
D)It isn't possible to not do gender,so everyone always does it.
Answer: A
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5
Chapter 4: Intersections
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31 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Willow believes that gender is the most important social identity.According to the textbook,is Willow correct?
A)yes,because gender is the most important part of our identities,so it remains most salient in all situations
B)yes,because gender is the only recognized social identity
C)no,because all of our social identities interact with one another to shape our lives in complex ways
D)no,because sex,not gender,is one of our social identities
Q2) __________ is the most likely to be negatively affected by aging.
A)A working-class waitress
B)A middle-class kindergarten teacher
C)A middle-class nurse
D)An upper-class lawyer
Q3) Describe at least three reasons why gay men,lesbians,and bisexuals might adopt a Not Too Queer gender strategy.Then describe some of the potential constraints and opportunities that African American lesbians and Asian lesbians might face in adopting the Not Too Queer strategy.
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Chapter 5: Inequality: Men and Masculinities
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Sample Questions
Q1) Miriam is living in a/an __________ society in which both men and women tend to avoid feminine traits and acts.
A)androcentric
B)modified patriarchal
C)patriarchal
D)sexist
Q2) In the Smith household,Linda is responsible for doing all the laundry because Martin once washed red and white clothes together,which turned the white items pink.Martin and Linda explain this arrangement to friends by noting that he doesn't understand how to do laundry as well as she does,so it only makes sense for her to complete the task.__________ best explains why Martin no longer does laundry.
A)Exculpatory chauvinism
B)Hypermasculinity
C)Patriarchal bargain
D)Precarious masculinity
Q3) Sociologist Gwen Sharp suggests that "masculinity is [constructed as] so fragile that apparently even the slightest brush with the feminine destroys it." First,explain this statement,and then evaluate the statement.Do you agree or disagree? Make sure to explain your reasoning.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Inequality: Women and Femininities
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31 Verified Questions
31 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Aliya directly challenges male dominance and freely engages in sexual relationships without concern for whether or not men approve.Aliya is demonstrating which term?
A)aggrieved entitlement
B)gender equivocation
C)hostile sexism
D)pariah femininities
Q2) Which of the following statements best describes women's options when encountering the rules and restrictions of their gender performance?
A)The strategy of emphatic sameness is an empowering strategy because it equates femininity with masculinity.
B)Women can alternate between different gender strategies to maximize their autonomy,unlike men whose only real option is to adopt hegemonic masculinity.
C)Gender equivocation is not an empowering strategy because it makes women appear indecisive.
D)Emphasized femininity is the least precarious and most empowering strategy for women.
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8
Chapter 7: Institutions
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31 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A study of pay in professional golfing concluded that the primary rationale for vast differences in prize money was
A)institutional regulations.
B)gender.
C)differences in skill.
D)gender subordination.
Q2) Which of the following is an example of an institution?
A)the Cleveland Browns
B)Wal-Mart
C)health care
D)the Academy Awards
Q3) At recess,a group of fifth graders has decided to play a game of flag football.Lisa is picked first by James,who justifies his choice by saying,"Lisa is just like one of the guys." This example demonstrates
A)how sports affirm the value of masculinity in society.
B)how sports affirm the value of femininity in society.
C)how sports provide equal opportunities to boys and girls.
D)how sports are no longer gendered in society.
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9
Chapter 8: Change
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) First,compare and contrast calling to dating.Then evaluate the power relationships within each.Between male and female partners,who do you think holds more power in calling? What about in dating? Why is this the case? Make sure to provide detailed evidence to support your claims.
Q2) Which of the following statements best defines a partnership marriage?
A)Women and men are two equals who negotiate a division of labor,and they base their relationships on companionship.
B)It is a marriage based on civil union laws instead of marriage laws.
C)It requires one man and one woman to commit to each other as partners for life.
D)Women and men commit to dividing their paid and unpaid labor exactly equally and the laws enforce this arrangement.
Q3) Which of the following best describes the changes in the U.S.population?
A)Marriage rates have been dropping consistently since the end of World War II.
B)Almost every American alive today has had a cohabiting relation with someone without being married to them.
C)About forty percent of all American children today are born to an unmarried parent.
D)About forty percent of all black children are born to an unmarried parent.
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Chapter 9: Sexualities
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32 Verified Questions
32 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Is the orgasm gap an outcome of natural biological differences between men and women? Why or why not?
Q2) What is sexual objectification?
A)the process by which people,especially women,are reduced to their sex appeal
B)the process by which women internalize a heterosexual orientation
C)the process by which people find someone attractive and sexually desirable
D)the process by which men define a particular object as sexually desirable
Q3) Which of the following statistics related to rates of orgasm is true?
A)Women have about three times as many orgasms as men but are reluctant to admit it.
B)Women in same-sex relationships have two to three times as many orgasms as women in heterosexual ones.
C)Compared to men,when women masturbate,they reach orgasm much more slowly.
D)In penile-vaginal intercourse,women have more orgasms than men do.
Q4) Bystander intervention programs on college campuses are effective in reducing rates of sexual violence,because
A)they teach both men and women how to safely intervene in specific situations.
B)they empower the entire college community to just say no to rape culture.
C)they teach that standing by is safer than intervening.
D)they teach women to always have a buddy with her for safety in numbers.
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Chapter 10: Families
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32 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What does the phrase "just stay home" imply with regard to how homemaking is viewed in society?
A)It signals a high level of respect for the sacrifices homemakers make on behalf of their family.
B)It suggests that homemakers perform extensive amounts of labor.
C)It reflects the societal viewpoint that homemakers don't perform any labor.
D)It reflects the high value homemaking holds in American society.
Q2) How does the continued feminization of housework and childcare impact gender equality? Explain this phenomenon in your own words.
Q3) The lifetime effects of lost wages,benefits,and social security contributions that come with taking time out of the workforce to raise children is called
A)wage discrimination.
B)the mommy tax.
C)the gender salience of housework.
D)outsourcing care.
Q4) Explain the ideology of intensive motherhood.How does this ideology view the role of the mother? Do you believe that this ideology is sexist? Is it androcentric? Why or why not?
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Work
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Sample Questions
Q1) The practice of filling occupations with mostly male or mostly female workers is A)illegal but rarely prosecuted.
B)rare since the Civil Rights Act was passed.
C)common because collectively we understand jobs as being either masculine or feminine.
D)impossible to prevent,since men and women naturally have different abilities and interests.
Q2) The textbook authors write: "Gendered job segregation in itself . . . isn't sufficient to explain the pay gap.It's only the start." Explain this statement.How does gender segregation relate to the gender gap in pay? What other factors are important in explaining the pay gap?
Q3) Are discrimination against women and discrimination against mothers in the job market two separate,important phenomena or just two names for the same thing? Make a case for the similarities and differences that you think matter most and why.Use concepts and empirical evidence from the chapter to shape your answer.
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Chapter 12: Politics
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33 Verified Questions
33 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following facts demonstrates how women's symbolic representation has translated into substantive representation?
A)Female legislators introduce fewer but better bills than men.
B)Women now hold more than 40 percent of seats in most international legislative bodies.
C)Women are more likely than men to introduce bills that address women's needs.
D)In most countries,women legislators have formed a unified voting bloc.
Q2) Please describe the parental leave policy in the United States.In particular,address whether the policy offers paid leave,how long the leave lasts,and who is eligible.Then,evaluate if you think this policy is pro-natal.Make sure to explain why you think it is or is not.If you think it is not,make sure to address what changes you think could make it more pro-natal.
Q3) Fiona believes that feminism should be more intersectionally inclusive,and she is a strong proponent of decentralized movements to advance feminist causes.Fiona is a good example of a __________ feminist.
A)first-wave
B)second-wave
C)third-wave
D)new-wave
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Page 14