Sociology of Everyday Life Exam Preparation Guide
Course Introduction
Sociology of Everyday Life explores the patterns, rituals, and social interactions that shape our daily experiences. The course examines how individuals construct meaning, form identities, and navigate social norms within ordinary settings such as households, workplaces, public spaces, and online environments. Through analyzing micro-level interactions and the influence of larger social structures, students gain insight into processes such as socialization, presentation of self, impression management, and the negotiation of routines. Emphasis is placed on understanding how power, culture, and inequality manifest in mundane activities, equipping students with analytical tools to see the extraordinary in the ordinary.
Recommended Textbook
Sociology in Our Times The Essentials 8th Edition by Diana Kendall
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16 Chapters
2386 Verified Questions
2386 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: The Sociological Perspective and Research Process
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146 Verified Questions
146 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In __________, researchers use existing material and analyze data that were originally collected by others.
A)primary analysis
B)tertiary analysis
C)secondary analysis
D)manifest analysis
Answer: C
Q2) Based on British social theorist Herbert Spencer's theory, __________ is the belief that those species of animals, including human beings, best adapted to their environment survive and prosper, whereas those poorly adapted die out.
A)social Darwinism
B)social eugenics
C)social statics
D)social facts
Answer: A
Q3) With the increasing diversity of the population, what personal troubles and public issues do you think are most important for the U.S. society to think about?
Answer: Not Answer
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Chapter 2: Culture
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150 Verified Questions
150 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Norms are also classified according to their relative social importance. __________ are informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture. They provide rules for conduct but are not considered to be essential to society's survival.
A)Mores
B)Folkways
C)Sanctions
D)Taboos
Answer: B
Q2) A reflex is an unlearned, biologically determined behavior pattern common to all members of a species that predictably occurs whenever certain environmental conditions exist.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Describe how language may create and reinforce our perceptions about sex and gender by transmitting preconceived ideas about the superiority one category of people over another.
Answer: Not Answer
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Socialization
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150 Verified Questions
150 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to sociologist George Herbert Mead, in the __________ stage of self-development, interactions lack meaning and children largely imitate the people around them.
A)play
B)preparatory
C)game
D)assimilation
Answer: B
Q2) According to psychologist Jean Piaget, children in the preoperational stage are still limited in their ability to use logic to solve problems or to realize that physical objects may change in shape or appearance while still retaining their physical properties.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Educational analyst Alfie Kohn has written extensively about the role that race and gender play in our public schools.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Social Structure and Interaction in Everyday Life
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141 Verified Questions
141 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Occupying the status of a college student means that one's behavior will include attending class, completing assignments, and devoting a lot of time to personal enrichment through academic study. This behavior is referred to as a __________.
A)position
B)character
C)label
D)role
Q2) __________ are based on technology that mechanizes production. New technologies, such as cars, computers, electric lights, stereos, and cell phones have stimulated many changes.
A)Agrarian societies
B)Industrial societies
C)Horticultural and Pastoral societies
D)Hunting and Gathering societies
Q3) Many individuals who are homeless are
A)children.
B)disabled.
C)those who don't earn enough to pay for housing.
D)all the above
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Groups and Organizations
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150 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Authoritarian leaders focus on the instrumental tasks of the group and demand compliance from others. In times of crisis, such as a war or natural disaster, these leaders may be commended for their decisive actions. In other situations, however, they may be criticized for being dictatorial and for fostering intergroup hostility.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Susan and Mary are middle-aged women who have been neighbors for twenty-five years. They talk daily about each other's grandchildren, share grocery shopping trips, and offer each other advice. They share a(n) __________ group relationship.
A)primary
B)secondary
C)formal
D)informal
Q3) __________ size refers to the number of potential members a group has.
A)Relative
B)Hypothetical
C)Absolute
D)Dyadic
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Chapter 6: Deviance and Crime
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149 Verified Questions
149 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to sociologist Robert Merton's strain theory, __________ occurs when people give up on societal goals but still adhere to the socially approved means for achieving them.
A)innovation
B)retreatism
C)ritualism
D)conformity
Q2) Sociologists Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin stated that __________ gangs are unable to gain success through legitimate means and are unwilling to do so through illegal ones. As a result, the consumption of drugs is stressed, and addiction is prevalent.
A)retreatist
B)conflict
C)rebellist
D)criminal
Q3) Explain why official crime statistics may not be an accurate reflection of the actual number and kinds of crimes committed in the United States.
Q4) Explain why sociologist Emile Durkheim believed that deviance was functional for society.
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8
Chapter 7: Class and Stratification in the United States
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150 Verified Questions
150 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) You have recently been appointed to the United States Commission Against Poverty. Discuss what specific reforms and strategies (assume that you have a blank check at your disposal) you would attempt to implement in order to reduce or alleviate poverty in America.
Q2) Educationally, no matter which racial group, those with _______ have the highest rates living in poverty.
A)no high school diploma
B)4 years of high school
C)some college
D)a college degree
Q3) According to sociologist Karl Marx, the __________ (working class) consists of those who must sell their labor to the owners in order to earn enough money to survive.
A)proletariat
B)rentiers
C)bourgeoisie
D)entrepreneurs
Q4) Explain sociologist Karl Marx's perspective on class position and class relationships.
Q5) Discuss U. S. stratification in the future.
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Chapter 8: Global Stratification
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150 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ are said to be countries with at least a moderate level of economic development and a moderate standard of living.
A)First world nations
B)Second world nations
C)Third world nations
D)Fourth world nations
Q2) In 1990 the United Nations Development Program introduced the Human Development Index (HDI), establishing three new criteria-in addition to gross domestic product (GDP) -for measuring the level of development in a country: life expectancy, health, and education.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The __________ states that global poverty can at least partially be attributed to the fact that the low-income countries have been exploited by the high-income countries.
A)new international division of labor theory
B)dependency theory
C)world systems theory
D)modernization theory
Q4) Summarize Walt Rostow's perspective on global inequality.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Race and Ethnicity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Equalitarian pluralism describes a situation in which ethnic groups coexist in equality with one another. This pattern is also referred to as __________.
A)miscegenation
B)segregation
C)accommodation
D)compatibility
Q2) Class perspectives emphasize the role of the capitalist class in racial exploitation. Sociologist Oliver Cox suggested that African Americans were enslaved because
A)of prejudice toward black-skinned people
B)they were the cheapest and best workers the owners could find for heavy labor in the mines and on plantations
C)they allowed themselves to be dominated
D)of the owed debts they were unable to pay
Q3) TV ads and programming reflect the actual level of interracial friendships and marriage in the U.S.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Applying Functionalist perspective on race and ethnic relations
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Chapter 10: Sex, Gender, and Sexuality
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150 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ refer(s) to the culturally and socially constructed differences between females and males found in the meanings, beliefs and practices associated with "femininity" and "masculinity."
A)Gender
B)Primary sexual identifiers
C)Sex
D)Secondary sexual identifiers
Q2) In their investigation of college women, anthropologists Dorothy Holland and Margaret Eisenhart determined that __________.
A)the peer system propelled women into a world of romance in which their attractiveness to men counted most
B)the women's peers influenced everything from their choices of majors and careers to their final courses of action in making plans for the future
C)peer pressure did not involve appearance norms
D)peer pressure has diminished on college campuses in recent years
Q3) Briefly explain what Islamic Feminism is, its goals and principles.
Q4) Define sex and differentiate between primary sex characteristics and secondary sex characteristics for both males and females.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Families and Intimate Relationships
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150 Verified Questions
150 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In preindustrial societies, kinship is usually traced through one parent (unilineally). The most common pattern of unilineal descent is __________, which is a system of tracing descent through the father's side of the family.
A)patriarchal descent
B)patrilineal descent
C)patrilocal descent
D)patricentric descent
Q2) Women in India who act as a surrogate do so because it
A)makes them more independent
B)provides household income
C)is seen as a sign of prestige
D)both a and b above
Q3) __________ explain family relationships in terms of the subjective meanings and everyday interpretations that people give to their lives. As sociologist Jessie Bernard pointed out, women and men experience marriage differently.
A)Conflict theorists
B)Functionalists
C)Symbolic interactionists
D)Postmodernists
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Chapter 12: Education and Religion
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150 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The beliefs of __________ include the following: God's nature and will are revealed in the Torah (Hebrew scripture) and in His intervention in history. God has established a covenant with the people of Israel, who are called to a life of holiness, justice, mercy, and fidelity to God's law.
A)Islam
B)Judaism
C)Hinduism
D)Buddhism
Q2) Ethnic and class differences are significant factors for dropout rates. For example, African Americans have the highest dropout rate (34.4%), followed by Native Americans (17.1%).
A)True
B)False
Q3) Some analysts believe that the high cost of education reinforces the existing social class system. Which sociological perspective would be most likely to argue this?
A)functional
B)conflict
C)symbolic interaction
D)postmodern
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Politics and the Economy in Global Perspective
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150 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ are organizations of special interest groups that solicit contributions from donors and fund campaigns to help elect (or defeat) candidates based on their stances on specific issues.
A)Political action committees
B)Pressure groups
C)Lobby groups
D)Power elites
Q2) In the United States, people have a voice in the government through __________, whereby citizens elect representatives to serve as bridges between themselves and the government.
A)direct participatory democracy
B)representative democracy
C)symbolic democracy
D)independent involvement democracy
Q3) Ideal capitalism has four distinctive features. Which of the following is not a feature of Ideal capitalism?
A)private ownership of the means of production
B)pursuit of personal profit
C)competition
D)increased government intervention
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Chapter 14: Health, Health Care, and Disability
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150 Verified Questions
150 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ is any system of cost containment that closely monitors and controls health care providers' decisions about medical procedures, diagnostic tests, and other services that should be provided to patients.
A)Fee-for-service programs
B)Health maintenance organizations
C)Third-party providers
D)Managed care
Q2) In relation to health and medicine, summarize how the symbolic interactionist perspective views the social construction of illness.
Q3) __________ are illnesses that are long-term or lifelong and that develop gradually or are present from birth.
A)Disabilities
B)Acute diseases
C)Epidemics
D)Chronic diseases
Q4) Summarize health in the United States.
Q5) Discuss health in the United States, focusing on social epidemiology areas such as age, sex, race/ethnicity, and social class.
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Chapter 15: Population and Urbanization
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Sample Questions
Q1) The __________ refers to the number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age per 1,000 live births in a given year.
A)underage mortality rate
B)infant mortality rate
C)child death index
D)infant death quotient
Q2) Describe the study of demography and define the basic demographic concepts.
Q3) An important ecological process in the concentric zone model, succession is the process by which a new category of people or type of land use arrives in an area previously occupied by another group or type of land use.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Applying sociologist Ernest Burgess' concentric zone model, __________ comprises homes for affluent families, single-family residences of white-collar works, and shopping centers.
A)Zone 2
B)Zone 3
C)Zone 4
D)Zone 5
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Chapter 16: Collective Behavior, Social Movements, and Social Change
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150 Verified Questions
150 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ refers to unsubstantiated reports on an issue or subject.
A)Rumors
B)Gossip
C)Mass hysteria
D)Panic
Q2) Similar to the organizational behavior found in corporations and voluntary associations (such as labor unions and environmental organizations), collective behavior also has an official division of labor, hierarchy of authority, and established rules and procedures.
A)True
B)False
Q3) __________ can arise in response to events that people believe are beyond their control, such as a major disruption in the economy. Although they are relatively rare, they receive massive media coverage because they evoke strong feelings of fear in readers and viewers.
A)Mobs
B)Panics
C)Aggregates
D)Riots
Q4) State the key assumptions of the social construction theory: frame analysis.
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