Sociology of Crime Test Questions
Course Introduction
Sociology of Crime explores the social dimensions and causes of criminal behavior, examining how laws are created, enforced, and broken within various social contexts. The course analyzes key sociological theories and research methods used to understand crime, including the roles of inequality, social structure, culture, and power in shaping criminal activity. Students will consider topics such as the social construction of deviance, patterns of victimization, the impact of race, class, and gender on crime, and the workings of formal and informal social control systems. Through case studies and critical analysis, the course encourages a deeper understanding of how crime both influences and is influenced by broader social forces.
Recommended Textbook Criminology A Canadian Perspective 7th Edition by Rick Linden
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17 Chapters
316 Verified Questions
316 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Crime, Criminals, and Criminology
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are new branches of criminology except one. Which is the exceptio?
A) Terrorism studies
B) Crimes against human rights
C) Green criminology
D) Genocide studies
Answer: B
Q2) A belief that law represents the agreement by most people in a society that certain acts are crimes is associated with
A) the conflict perspective
B) the consensus perspective
C) both
D) neither
Answer: B
Q3) The term criminology
A) Refers to the body of knowledge regarding crime as a social phenomenon.
B) Only encompasses the breaking and reaction to the breaking of laws.
C) Refers to the study es of the effects of culture on crime and criminals.
D) Refers to established rules of behaviour or standards of conduct.
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: The Origins and Role of Law in Society
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22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The growth of transnational corporations tends to:
A) increase the power of the state
B) decrease the power of the state
C) not affect the power of the state
D) lead to monopoly
Answer: B
Q2) Which type of dispute settlement mechanism involves a third party or Elders' council who have the authority to reach a decision among the parties involved in the dispute?
A) the chieftainship system
B) the self or kin based system
C) the advisor system
D) the mediator system
Answer: D
Q3) Free trade zones:
A) strengthen regulation of corporations
B) must have a Charter of worker's rights and freedoms
C) reduce taxation and regulation of corporations
D) strengthen environmental protection
Answer: C
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Criminal Law
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19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person breaking into a warehouse to obtain lifesaving equipment for use in an emergency would be
A) convicted of the crime of break and enter
B) acquitted on the grounds of compulsion
C) acquitted on the grounds of necessity
D) acquitted on the grounds of self defence
Answer: C
Q2) Persons whose actions are proved to be involuntary have successfully raised the defence of:
A) self defence
B) penal negligence
C) automatism
D) mistake of fact
Answer: C
Q3) The minimum number of people who can be charged with conspiracy in Canada is
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Counting Crime
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19 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) It is difficult to study different types of population groups because they cannot find all the members or because there are too many in the population to address all of them.Social scientists avoid this problem by:
A) gathering information on only reported groups.
B) dividing the number of reported crimes by the number of convictions.
C) gathering a sample from the population and then generalizing form the sample to the population.
D) gathering information on the number of crimes by the number of convictions and then dividing by the total population.
Q2) The official crime rate in Canada is expressed as the amount of crime per
A) 100 persons in the population
B) 1000 persons in the population
C) 100,000 persons in the population
D) 1 million persons in the population
Q3) The "dark figure" of crime refers to:
A) unreported crime
B) crime committed after dark
C) the number of particularly horrendous crimes
D) consensual crime
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Correlates of Criminal Behaviour
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21 Verified Questions
21 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Canadian self-report research found that __________________ tended to diminish with increasing age,while ________________ increased.
A) General delinquency; murder and assault charges
B) Murder and assault charges; general delinquency
C) Drug and status offences; serious delinquency
D) Serious delinquency ; drug and status offences
Q2) Criminologists normally focus on ________ in explaining changes in patterns of female criminal behaviour.
A) biological differences between males and females
B) more consistent reporting
C) socially structured differences in gender roles
D) changes in judges' perceptions
Q3) In comparing crime on Aboriginal reserves and those in other urban and rural areas it has been found that:
A) Offence rates are several times higher on reserves
B) offence rates are slightly higher on reserves
C) offence rates are slightly higher off reserves
D) offence rates are several times higher off reserves
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Chapter 6: Feminism and Criminology
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18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Patriarchy is:
A) government by priests
B) a society in which males are dominant
C) government by elders
D) being proud of your country
Q2) Which of the following best illustrates a zero tolerance policy?
A) police lay charges in all cases where they have grounds to believe a domestic assault has occurred
B) any unwanted touching of someone is considered a sexual assault
C) anyone who has taken any drugs cannot consent to sex
D) all crimes are punished
Q3) Power control theory claims:
A) that women from poor families will be more likely to commit crimes
B) that women from patriarchal families will be more likely to commit crimes
C) that women commit crime under pressure from men
D) that women from egalitarian families will be more likely to commit crimes
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Chapter 7: Victimology, victim Services, and Victim Rights in Canada
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6 Verified Questions
6 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which Canadian province currently has become the leading jurisdiction in North America in terms of implementing the best approaches to reducing crime?
A) Newfoundland and Labrador
B) Manitoba
C) Alberta
D) Ontario
Q2) Which Canadian city has been at the forefront of services for victims of domestic violence?
A) Edmonton
B) Saskatoon
C) Toronto
D) London, Ontario
Q3) The first pioneers of victimology and victim rights were mostly.
A) members of academe
B) parents of murdered children
C) government officials
D) politicians
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Early Theories of Criminology
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23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The theoretical approach focusing on making criminology scientific,accepting cause-effect relationships,and open to discovery,is called:
A) enlightenment
B) a classical approach
C) positivism
D) natural science
Q2) Cesare Lombrosos used the term ____________________ to refer to the physical signs of the state of a morally and evolutionary inferior person.
A) Atavism
B) Stigmata
C) Survival of the fittest
D) Endomorph
Q3) Which contradicts the ideas associated with the Positivist School?
A) criminologist should study individual offenders
B) punishment should fit the criminal
C) crime is caused by factors, which can be discovered
D) criminals are rational choice makers
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10
Chapter 9: Psychological Perspectives on Criminality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is most closely associated with the view that offenders who break the law have some psychological shortcoming that distinguishes them from normal law-abiding citizens.
A) Moral development
B) Behavioural psychology
C) Assumption of offender deficit
D) Community psychology
Q2) Research on the association of aggressive behaviour by children with exposure to depictions of violence on television demonstrates:
A) a strong correlation and clarity about the direction causation
B) a weak correlation but lack of clarity about the direction of causation
C) a weak correlation but clarity about the direction of causation
D) no link
Q3) Kohlberg has theorized that there are ____________________ stages of moral development.
A) Eight
B) Nine
C) Three
D) Six
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Chapter 10: Strain Theories
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Elijah Anderson notes that exporting manufacturing jobs overseas has made a bad situation worse in inner cities where
A) illegitimate opportunities were not equally accessible to all and they adopt a middle class moral reasoning towards crime.
B) they collectively build a new set of values and standards that are opposite to those of the middle class.
C) they enroll in training sessions to improve their chances when competing for jobs.
D) Traditional work is not available, young people have adopted a code of the street and gain status by being tough and willing to use violence.
Q2) The War on Poverty,a crime prevention strategy adopted in the United States during the 1960s,was based on:
A) control theory
B) differential theory
C) conflict theory
D) strain theory
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12
Chapter 11: Conflict Theories
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21 Verified Questions
21 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a theory that attempts to explain certain types of criminal behaviour as resulting from a conflict between the interests of divergent groups.
A) Left realism
B) Cultural conflict
C) Structural Marxism
D) Group conflict
Q2) Which of the following holds that criminal laws are created and enforced for the protection of the capitalist class.
A) Structuralist Marxism
B) Socialist Marxism
C) Instrumentalist Marxism
D) Socialist feminism
Q3) Feminism and Marxism are:
A) cultural conflict theories
B) gender- and class-based conflict theories
C) consensus theories
D) phenomenological theories
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Chapter 12: Contemporary Critical Criminology
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following encompasses a wide array of techniques,within and outside of the state intended to (re)shape and (re)direct human actions.
A) Power
B) Surveillance
C) Discipline
D) Governmentality
Q2) A cultural criminologist who turns to novels to reveal alternative perspectives that may shake up our taken-for-granted assumptions about crime is engaging in A) surveillance.
B) attentive gaze.
C) dangerous knowledge.
D) actuarial risk.
Q3) Critical criminology attempts to
A) understand the cultural effects on crime in Canada.
B) understand gender- and class-based conflict theories.
C) study laws that reflect cultural agreement.
D) transform society through promises of justice.
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14
Chapter 13: Interactionist Theories
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Sample Questions
Q1) The key concept of symbolic interactionism is that:
A) individuals act within a context determined by cultural expectations
B) a person's actions are limited by their class situation
C) social interaction is a dynamic process of interpretation and negotiation
D) there is great cross-cultural variation in symbols
Q2) Police,judges,prison personnel,probation,and parole officers are all:
A) agents of social control
B) first line public defenders
C) social workersl
D) legal administrators
Q3) Interactionist theory centers on:
A) the early stages of deviance.
B) the deviant interchanges people have with one another, and the meanings of these interchanges in the present, past, and future.
C) the study of how rules are applied to some people and not to others.
D) how a person lifestyle changes their behaviour and creates deviant behaviour.
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15
Chapter 14: Social Control Theory
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to studies cited in the text,children who were exposed to hostile or ineffective parenting in both the 1994 and the 1996 survey periods were ___ more likely to have behavioural problems than were children who were not exposed to these parenting styles
A) two times.
B) three times.
C) five times.
D) nine.
Q2) Suicide caused by rapid social and economic changes that have left a society without a clear system of moral beliefs and sentiments is identified as:
A) egoistic
B) altruistic
C) anomic
D) fatalistic
Q3) Control theory is often thought to be too conservative because:
A) it fails to adequately deal with individual psychology
B) it fails to acknowledge the biological component of behaviour
C) it fails to see the structural factors that produce crime
D) it fails to consider the plight of less advantaged in society
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Deterrence, routine Activity, and Rational
Choice Theories
14 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following most closely resembles a Head Start program?
A) the Perry Preschool Project
B) The Winnipeg Auto Theft Suppression Strategy
C) Project Hope
D) Operation Ceasefire
Q2) The "three strikes and you're out" law in California
A) mandates three years in prison for every felony you commit
B) mandates three extra years in prison for every felony you commit
C) mandates a life sentence for a third felony conviction
D) mandates a life sentence without parole possibility for 25 years for a third felony conviction
Q3) Who is (are)associated with lifestyle/exposure theory?
A) Hindelang
B) the Brantinghams
C) Cohen and Felson
D) Linden
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Chapter 16: Organized Crime
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Sample Questions
Q1) Organized crime in Russia developed as a direct result of the A) prohibition in Russia outlawing the sale of alcohol.
B) destruction of the French Connection as the main supplier of heroin into Canada creating a need for a new supplier.
C) end of the Vietnam war which opened up the market for the distribution of heroin form the Golden Triangle to Europe.
D) fall of Communism in 1991 in the USSR created conditions within Russia that were ideal for criminals.
Q2) A recruit attempting to join an outlaw motorcycle gang is referred to as a(n)
A) Striker
B) outlaw
C) one-percenter
D) filthy few
Q3) The only organized criminal group that is not based on ethnic ties are the
A) Russian Mafia
B) Chinese Triads
C) Canadian-based Mafia groups
D) Outlaw Motorcycle gangs
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Chapter 17: Corporate and White-Collar Crime
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Sample Questions
Q1) Goff and Reasons (1978)argued that Canada's parliament enacted anticombines laws to:
A) protect consumers
B) increase competition
C) satisfy the demands of small businesses
D) protect government taxes
Q2) The Johns-Manville case study (asbestos poisoning among workers)is an example of:
A) employers knowingly withholding information from workers that would protect them or save their lives
B) corporate concentration
C) executive disengagement
D) a criminogenic market
Q3) The chief accountant of a law firm writes cheques to herself,withdrawing funds from clients' accounts.This is an example of:
A) executive disengagement
B) occupational crime
C) organizational crime
D) corporate crime
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Page 19