Sociology of Canadian Society Test Preparation
Course Introduction
This course offers an in-depth exploration of the structures, patterns, and diversity that characterize Canadian society. Students will examine key social institutions, such as family, education, politics, and the economy, as well as issues related to multiculturalism, social inequality, and Indigenous experiences. By employing sociological theories and research methods, the course encourages critical analysis of identity, social policy, and the ways in which historical and contemporary forces shape daily life in Canada. The course aims to develop a nuanced understanding of social dynamics and foster informed engagement with ongoing debates surrounding Canadian identity, inclusion, and change.
Recommended Textbook
Sociology Your Compass for a New World 5th Canadian Edition by Robert J. Brym
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22 Chapters
3272 Verified Questions
3272 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: A Sociological Compass
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142 Verified Questions
142 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following points made in the textbook contradicts popular beliefs about slavery?
A)Slavery is not caused by racism.
B)Racism is not caused by slavery.
C)Africans were enslaved in Latin America, but not in North America.
D)Africans were enslaved in North America, but not in Latin America.
Answer: A
Q2) Jonah is researching the ways that the public education system has taken on the work of educating children that families and religious groups used to do.What theoretical tradition is he most likely following in his research?
A)feminism
B)conflict theory
C)symbolic interactionism
D)functionalism
Answer: D
Q3) According to Gramsci, cultural hegemony benefits all members of society.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 3
Chapter 2: How Sociologists Do Research
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160 Verified Questions
160 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When is participant observation research most useful?
A)when results of an earlier study need to be confirmed
B)when the research is guided by a well-developed theory
C)when the researcher is studying a closed group
D)when the researcher has a good idea about what might be discovered
Answer: C
Q2) Which principle of ethical research was violated in the Canadian government's research into health benefits of nutrition conducted in Aboriginal communities in the 1940s?
A)authenticity
B)privacy
C)harm minimization
D)voluntary participation
Answer: C
Q3) Knowledge based on established authority or tradition can be considered scientific because it has been effective for a long time and respected people endorse it.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Culture
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152 Verified Questions
152 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following values does Quebec's Charter of Values exemplify?
A)secularism
B)religiosity
C)ethnocentrism
D)cultural relativism
Answer: A
Q2) According to the textbook, which of the following categories does rap music fit into?
A)High culture and popular culture.
B)Culture and popular culture.
C)Culture and high culture.
D)Low culture and popular culture.
Answer: B
Q3) Postmodernism has many parents, teachers, politicians, religious leaders, and some university professors worried about the future.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) What is culture?
Answer: Responses will vary
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Chapter 4: Socialization
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157 Verified Questions
157 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Are stages of the life course the same in all societies? Why or why not?
Q2) What did the Stanford mock prison experiment demonstrate about socialization?
A)Personalities are resistant to change.
B)Personalities can be altered in extreme social settings.
C)Inmates are least likely to be influenced by resocialization.
D)Guards are least likely to be influenced by resocialization.
Q3) According to George Herbert Mead, how do children first learn to use language and other symbols?
A)They develop the ability to repress the trauma associated with birth.
B)They imitate important people in their lives.
C)They pretend to be other people.
D)They learn the important symbols at school.
Q4) In many societies, young people are more likely to initiate and support social change than the older ones.How can this difference best be explained?
A)as a generational difference
B)as a difference between age cohorts
C)as a failure of socialization
D)as a failure of rites of passage
Q5) What is "taking the role of the other"?
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Chapter 5: Social Interaction
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158 Verified Questions
158 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What caused participants in the We Live in Public experiment to behave outrageously?
A)inability to retreat from a role
B)acting inability
C)exhibitionism
D)anonymity
Q2) Which of the following situations during a first date is least likely to lead to a second date?
A)both people agree on which film to see on the first date
B)one person decides which film they will see on the first date
C)both people are careful to speak about the same amount of time
D)one person speaks nearly all the time
Q3) According to the textbook, which of the following people is most likely to monopolize a conversation?
A)Alice, a 20-year-old woman, in conversation with Robert, a 30-year-old man
B)Robert, a 30-year-old man, in conversation with Alice, a 20-year-old woman
C)a child, in conversation with an adult
D)an adult, in conversation with a child
Q4) Is Charles Derber right about the nature of social interaction in North America? Explain why or why not.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Networks, Groups, Bureaucracies, and Societies
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178 Verified Questions
178 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are functionalist theorists liable to overlook in their consideration of group conformity?
A)the ways that groups work together for the benefit of the system
B)the interdependence between parts of the system
C)the ways that conflict within groups can be beneficial
D)the ways that children are socialized to conform
Q2) In what type of society did trade unions first began to appear?
A)agricultural society
B)industrial society
C)postindustrial society
D)postnatural society
Q3) Explain how in-groups and out-groups differ.Give examples.
Q4) Which of the following leadership styles is least effective in most situations?
A)democratic leadership
B)laissez-faire leadership
C)authoritarian leadership
D)multi-managerial leadership
Q5) Summarize the main technological and social innovations of agricultural societies.
Q6) Describe the main characteristics of a dyad using an example.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Deviance and Crime
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183 Verified Questions
183 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Heather has several visible body piercings and tattoos, and dyes her hair blue.What kind of deviance are her actions characterized as?
A)conflict crime
B)social deviation
C)consensus crime
D)social diversion
Q2) Nurul is from a poor home and dreams of becoming a doctor.She has excellent grades and wins a scholarship for university.However, in her undergraduate class, she becomes disillusioned with the medical profession and eventually concludes that medical practice is organized in a way that benefits doctors, rather than patients.She leaves university and founds a group dedicated to empowering patients.In strain theory terms, what is Nurul?
A)a ritualist
B)an innovator
C)a retreatist
D)a rebel
Q3) What causes the high incarceration rate of Aboriginals in Canada? What policies would you suggest to decrease it?
Q4) Define surveillance society.Illustrate your answer with examples.
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Chapter 8: Social Stratification
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170 Verified Questions
170 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Weber's terms, how do status groups differ from classes?
A)They are based on power.
B)They are based on labour market position.
C)They are based on prestige and way of life.
D)They are based on ethnic and racial identity.
Q2) Which of the following kinds of people are best to have in one's social network in order to increase one's chances of high work rewards?
A)members of the same cultural group
B)close friends
C)helpful people
D)well-positioned people
Q3) According to the textbook, which of the following factors of employment income is social capital most closely associated with?
A)effort
B)cultural capital
C)natural talent
D)education
Q4) Summarize the functionalist theory of stratification.
Q5) Is the belief that some people are "trapped in poverty" true?
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Chapter 9: Globalization, Inequality, and Development
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156 Verified Questions
156 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why did the United States offer financial assistance to Taiwan, Korea, and Israel after World War II?
A)because the United States felt a moral responsibility to these nations as the worst victims of Hitler's regime
B)because the United States believed these nations were the most geopolitically important
C)because these nations exhibited the most need of all the nations after World War II
D)because, due to widespread prejudice, no one else would assist these nations
Q2) Which of the following shows the highest level of inequality measured by the Gini index?
A)individuals worldwide
B)individuals in developing countries
C)a country like Germany
D)a country like Brazil
Q3) Which of the following is the main characteristic of transnational corporations?
A)They exploit natural resources.
B)They sell to domestic markets.
C)They rely on foreign labour.
D)They are subject to national governments.
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Chapter 10: Race and Ethnicity
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180 Verified Questions
180 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) To what extent are Canadians free to choose their racial and ethnic identity?
Q2) Which of the following would critical race theory best be able to explain?
A)institutional racism
B)individual racism
C)overt discrimination
D)intentional discrimination
Q3) Critical race theory emphasizes that each person is individually responsible for his/her level of racism.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Summarize the theory of split labour market.Give an example.
Q5) Ole looks forward to the Norske Dager festival every year.He can spend the weekend catching up with family and friends, practising his few remembered words of Norwegian, and observing reactions as he walks around in his Viking outfit.What is Ole engaging in?
A)symbolic ethnicity
B)ephemeral ethnicity
C)transitory ethnicity
D)false ethnicity
Q6) Explain what happened to the Beothuk of Newfoundland and Labrador, and why.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Sexualities and Gender Stratification
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195 Verified Questions
195 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Summarize the most important differences between socialist and radical feminism.
Q2) Some research suggests that some violent crimes against homosexuals could result from repressed homosexual urges on the part of the aggressors.While this psychological explanation may account for some of this violence, why is it not an adequate explanation?
A)Violence against homosexuals is based on pathological reasoning.
B)Violence against homosexuals is spontaneous.
C)Violence against homosexuals is encouraged by all major social institutions.
D)Violent sentiments against homosexuals are widespread and variously motivated.
Q3) Gerald has always been romantically attracted to boys and men, and he had his first sexual encounter with a man while at band camp.What is Gerald's sexual orientation?
A)gay
B)lesbian
C)bisexual
D)asexual
Q4) According to queer theory, sexuality is an essential characteristic of an individual.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Sociology of the Body: Disability, Aging, and Death
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127 Verified Questions
127 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Population pyramids are graphs that show the percentage of a population in various age cohorts.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The provision of sheltered workshops for people with varying mental impairments to work in was one result of which of the following movements?
A)eugenics
B)rehabilitation
C)normalization
D)intervention
Q3) Describe what ageism is and give examples.
Q4) Societies in which the oldest citizens rule, earn the highest incomes, and enjoy the most prestige are called gerontocracies.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Ageism is the tendency to show favouritism toward older people.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Discuss some of the challenges facing elderly Canadians today.
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Chapter 13: Work and the Economy
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148 Verified Questions
148 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the textbook, what caused each sector of the economy to rise to dominance at a particular time?
A)climate change
B)geographic shifts
C)shifts in the global markets
D)revolutions regarding how people work
Q2) What is the "time crunch" and why is it happening?
Q3) What institution organizes the production, distribution, and exchange of goods and services in society?
A)the family
B)the state
C)the economy
D)the law
Q4) Brian works a split shift at the drive-through window at a local fast food franchise.He makes minimum wage and no benefits.What type of job would the authors of the textbook argue he has?
A)a decent job
B)a dead-end job
C)an industry job
D)a market job
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Politics
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140 Verified Questions
140 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) John Porter's classic work The Vertical Mosaic was a critique of elite theory.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What was U.S.President Abraham Lincoln referring to with his famous phrase "government of the people, by the people, for the people"?
A)democracy
B)oligarchy
C)autocracy
D)monarchy
Q3) Why was Canada's "most important election" characterized by one wit as "government of the people, by the lawyers, for the businessmen"?
A)because it was declared legally invalid based on a vote miscount
B)because it was viewed as being the result of big business sponsorship of all party campaigns
C)because each of the candidates was a lawyer or businessperson looking after their own interests
D)because it was believed to have been won on the basis of a strong business lobby and expensive media campaigns
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16
Chapter 15: Families
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138 Verified Questions
138 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compare and contrast marriage and cohabitation.
Q2) The Canadian divorce rate increased in the 1960s but stabilized in the 1990s and then began to decline.Why did the divorce rate fall?
A)couples were taking "till death do us part" more seriously
B)the ever-increasing cost of divorce became a prohibiting factor
C)the highly researched negative impact on children convinced couples to stay together "for the kids"
D)fewer Canadians were getting married
Q3) What are nuclear families?
Q4) Over 50 percent of divorced parents remarry, which greatly benefits the children involved.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Elton and John were the first same-sex couple in the world to be legally married.In what year did they get married?
A)1986
B)1997
C)2001
D)2005
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Chapter 16: Religion
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119 Verified Questions
119 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Many conservative Protestants denounced the movie Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (2005) as "demonic."
A)True
B)False
Q2) Weekly church attendance is highest for which of the following age groups?
A)15-24 years of age
B)25-44 years of age
C)45-64 years of age
D)65+ years of age
Q3) Nearly 80 percent of Canadians believe that there is a God.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Roman Catholicism in Canada, Judaism in Israel, and Hinduism in India are all examples of which of the following?
A)a sect
B)a cult
C)an ecclesia
D)a church
Q5) What is a religious ritual? How does ritual affect social life, and why is it important?
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Chapter 17: Education
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128 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe what accounts for the spread of mass schooling.
Q2) Just after she entered high school Heather began to develop a keen interest in environmental issues, so she spearheaded the school recycling program.She is often frustrated with many of her teachers because they do not seem to understand the importance of her program.What function of education is illustrated here?
A)classification of assortative sorting
B)creation of professionalization
C)development of youth culture
D)fostering of a common cultural identity
Q3) The education system is second in importance today to which of the following agents of socialization?
A)media
B)family
C)religion
D)peers
Q4) What is credential inflation?
Q5) Give a symbolic interactionist account of education, along with a critique of that account.
Q6) How did literacy lead to mass schooling?
Page 19
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Chapter 18: Mass Media and Mass Communication
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Wanda lives in Canada and feels passionately that Canadian culture is in danger of being overwhelmed by American cultural values as imported via mass media.What is Wanda worried about?
A)cultural diffusion
B)media imperialism
C)cultural convergence
D)media conglomeration
Q2) Outline the historical development of mass media.
Q3) According to functionalists, the mass media encourage conformity by devoting attention to crime, criminals, and deviance.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What do we call the practice of a single corporation owning businesses that operate in different commercial sectors?
A)cross-media control
B)oligarchy
C)media convergence
D)conglomeration
Q5) Explain how viewers or audience members influence mass media.
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Chapter 19: Health and Medicine
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129 Verified Questions
129 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Black Death contains a vital message for the sociology of health and medicine because it reveals a common pattern, that health risks are evenly distributed across a population.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Who was successful in getting post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Psychiatric Disorders (DSM)?
A)women who experienced violence by their husbands
B)police officers and firefighters
C)feminists
D)Vietnam War veterans
Q3) Canada is one of the few countries in the world with a true system of socialized medicine.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What has happened recently with patient activism and what impact has it had so far on health care provision in Canada?
Q5) What accounts for unevenly distributed health risks in the human population?
Q6) Define the professionalization of medicine.
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Chapter 20: Population and Urbanization
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Sample Questions
Q1) Roxie has been informally studying urban life for several years.She has observed that people in the city seem to think and behave in ways that are very different from the ways that people thought and behaved in the small town where she grew up.What would the Chicago school members call what Roxie has observed in the city?
A)urbanism
B)urbanization
C)urban beats
D)urban acclimatization
Q2) John Hannigan defined the corporate city as a vehicle for capital accumulation.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Annalise is a fourth-year university student who has enjoyed learning about the distribution and composition of various populations around the world, and she is considering making the study of populations her career choice.Which of the following subfields of sociology should she go into if she follows her plans?
A)social ecology
B)social studies
C)epidemiology
D)demography
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Page 22
Chapter 21: Collective Action and Social Movements
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Sample Questions
Q1) Two hundred union workers at a college are able to exert considerable pressure on their employer because their union local is part of a national union of 500 000 workers.Why was the small union able to exert such pressure?
A)because they belong to a political group that is prone to strike
B)because they can access broader leadership and coordination resources
C)because they can absorb a greater amount of strain
D)because they have incredible union density
Q2) The Faculty Association at a Canadian university bargains with the university administration for higher wages and increased pensions.What is the Faculty Association engaged in?
A)routine collective action
B)general collective action
C)democratic collective action
D)membership action
Q3) Breakdown theory focuses on the impact that shifts in the balance of power between disadvantaged and privileged groups have on the formation of social movements.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are the main lessons of solidarity theory?
Page 23
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Chapter 22: Technology and the Global Environment
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124 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sheldon Ungar tells us that most people are prepared to sacrifice on behalf of global warming only when exposed to a "social scare."
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is the umbrella term used to refer to global warming, industrial and genetic pollution, and the decline of biodiversity?
A)environmental toxicity level
B)environmental diversification
C)environmental degradation
D)environmental social constructionism
Q3) While somewhat upset about the Exxon Valdez oil spill off the coast of Alaska, Miriam realizes that this event is sometimes just the cost of progress.Based on this information, how does Miriam most likely feel about the less positive outcomes that accompany technological advances?
A)That they are normal accidents.
B)That they are the risks of genius.
C)That they are acceptable perils.
D)That they are a modern menace.
Q4) What is technological determinism?
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