Sociology of Canadian Society Pre-Test Questions
Course Introduction
This course offers a comprehensive exploration of Canadian society through a sociological lens, examining the social structures, cultural dynamics, and core institutions that shape life in Canada. Students will analyze the complexities of national identity, multiculturalism, and regional diversity, as well as issues related to social inequality, race, gender, Indigenous Peoples, and immigration. The course also addresses contemporary social challenges such as globalization, urbanization, and changes in family and work life, fostering a deeper understanding of how historical and current forces continue to influence Canadian society.
Recommended Textbook
Sociology Your Compass for a New World 4th Canadian Edition by Robert Brym
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2922 Verified Questions
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Page 2
Chapter 1: A Sociological Compass
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140 Verified Questions
140 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Michelle believes that prostitution is beneficial for the whole of society because people are provided with outlets for sexual gratification that they might not have otherwise.Which of the following theories is her idea most closely aligned with?
A) symbolic interactionism
B) functionalism
C) conflict theory
D) feminism
Answer: B
Q2) Beginning in the 1960s,decisions about fashion trends became less democratic.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Which sociologist is famous for the work titled The Vertical Mosaic?
A) John Porter
B) Erving Goffman
C) Margrit Eichler
D) S.D. Clark
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: How Sociologists Do Research
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168 Verified Questions
168 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A sociologist believes that high levels of education create the opportunity for higher-paying work after graduation.What type of variable is "level of education"?
A) an independent variable
B) a dependent variable
C) a spurious variable
D) a sociological variable
Answer: A
Q2) The textbook discusses 10 types of non-scientific thinking.Which of the following is one of them?
A) consistent observation
B) subjective observation
C) premature closure of inquiry
D) irrational investigation
Answer: C
Q3) The subject's right to confidentiality is one right that is not an ethical consideration when doing research.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Culture
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134 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In which of the following countries did the questioning of authority after the 1960s spread more quickly and more thoroughly?
A) the United States
B) Italy
C) Great Britain
D) Canada
Answer: D
Q2) According to the textbook,why is culture important?
A) Human life is possible without culture.
B) Culture can detract from human experience.
C) Human life is impossible without culture.
D) Culture can supplement human experience.
Answer: C
Q3) Cow worship in India seems irrational to most Canadians.What is this typical Canadian perspective an example of?
A) ethnocentrism
B) cultural dissonance
C) cultural shock
D) cultural entropy
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Socialization
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137 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Stanley Kubrick's movie A Clockwork Orange (1971),a violent criminal,Alex DeLarge,undergoes aversion therapy while jailed,forcing him to watch violent acts such as the ones he committed before his apprehension.Each time he watches an act,he experiences pain.In sociological terms,what process is he undergoing?
A) primary socialization
B) secondary socialization
C) anticipatory socialization
D) resocialization
Q2) Although she is very thin,Heidi is convinced that everyone around her believes she is overweight.She adapts her eating behaviours so that she eats very little and when she does eat,she makes herself vomit in order to try to keep her weight down.Which of the following concepts describes Heidi's behaviour?
A) the ego managing the id and the superego
B) the looking-glass self
C) taking the role of other
D) faulty development at the abstract moral stage
Q3) What is a virtual community and how are virtual communities relevant to socialization?
Q4) Define and illustrate a social role.
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Chapter 5: Social Interaction
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126 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which theory focuses on the interpretation and negotiation of meaning in social interactions?
A) symbolic interactionism
B) functionalism
C) conflict theory
D) feminism
Q2) The emotion of grief is quite constantly expressed across history.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which theory suggests that people attempt to maximize their benefits and minimize their costs?
A) rational choice
B) symbolic interactionism
C) dramaturgy
D) emotion management
Q4) Why is the "class clown" most likely to be a boy?
A) Males are socialized to act as buffoons for others' amusement.
B) Males are more difficult for teachers to control effectively.
C) Males are funnier than females.
D) Males have higher status and therefore get more laughs.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Networks, groups, bureaucracies and Societies
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149 Verified Questions
149 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain what is meant by an organization environment.
Q2) At the large organization where Josh works,the client base has changed dramatically because more immigrants have moved into the area over the years and their needs differ from the Canadian-born people who used to access services there.What criticism against bureaucracies is relevant in this case?
A) bureaucratic ritualism
B) bureaucratic inertia
C) oligarchy
D) dehumanization
Q3) Why do many gang members commit criminal acts?
Q4) In what type of society did trade unions first began to appear?
A) agricultural society
B) industrial society
C) postindustrial society
D) postnatural society
Q5) Explain what laissez-faire leadership is.
Q6) Identify some of the inefficiencies of bureaucracies.
Q7) Primary groups develop more pressure to conform than secondary groups.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Deviance and Crime
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131 Verified Questions
131 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Official crime statistics are not regarded as 100 percent accurate because not all crimes get reported.According to the textbook,what is the other reason crime statistics may be inaccurate?
A) because enforcement of crimes is subject to political pressure and legal changes
B) because many people do not report crimes to police in a systematic manner, giving all information
C) because much of the information collected by police is later found to be fabricated or otherwise untrue
D) because some crimes are not crimes at all but rather are merely acts of deviance
Q2) What is the definition of a crime?
A) rule breaking behaviour
B) breaking rules to gain respect from others
C) breaking rules that get a negative response from others
D) breaking rules that are formally enacted as laws
Q3) Explain why prosecuting large corporations is difficult in North America.
Q4) Outline Robert Merton's strain theory on deviance and crime.
Q5) Explain what white-collar crime is.
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Social Stratification
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128 Verified Questions
128 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How does Max Weber explain social class?
Q2) How do social policies affect poverty in Canada?
Q3) Which of the following is a progressive tax in Canada?
A) the GST
B) the HST
C) retirement savings plan tax
D) income tax
Q4) Fifty-eight-year-old Maryann lost her job last year and has been unable to find any other job because employers feel she is too old to hire and train.She has no family to assist her and is worried because her meagre savings are nearly depleted.What is one common outcome of this situation?
A) Maryann will fake a disability and defraud the government for benefits.
B) Maryann will receive money from an anonymous benefactor.
C) Maryann will eventually become homeless.
D) Maryann will organize a group of similarly situated older ex-employees to bring media attention to their plight.
Q5) What can be learned about social stratification from studying stories about shipwrecks?
Q6) What are some of the typical myths about poor people?
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Globalization, inequality, and Development
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137 Verified Questions
137 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following theories does modernization theory have roots in?
A) structural functionalism
B) conflict theory
C) symbolic interactionism
D) postmodernism
Q2) Which of the following characterizes travel to Europe from Canada 30 years ago?
A) Most people relied almost exclusively on their credit cards as there were few ATMs.
B) English speakers were plentiful, even in small towns, because most Europeans knew several languages.
C) Tickets and traveller's cheque purchases had to be made over the phone rather than on the Internet.
D) English newspapers and television programs and North American fast-food restaurants were rare.
Q3) "The world seems a much smaller place today than it did 30 years ago" is a comment on globalization.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Why do specific groups oppose globalization?
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Chapter 10: Race and Ethnicity
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128 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Millie is a black women living in Canada in the late 1800s.Which of the following most likely characterizes her life?
A) She is a slave near Ottawa living on the same property as her white owners, with her basic physical needs taken care of.
B) She is a free woman living in Africville and working for almost no pay doing laundry for a hotel.
C) She is a free woman living in downtown Halifax and working as a nurse's assistant in a local hospital
D) She is a free woman who owns and runs a rooming house for travellers requiring long-term accommodation in Ottawa.
Q2) In the middle of the twentieth century,Canada was a society sharply stratified along ethnic and racial lines.Back then,those with the most power and privilege were of British origin,known as "WASPs" or white Anglo-Saxon Protestants.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What was the "underground railroad"?
Q4) What are the defining features of an ethnic group?
Q5) What is the definition of "race" and why do many academics not use it?
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Chapter 11: Sexualities and Gender Stratification
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144 Verified Questions
144 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jack is playing with his friends in the backyard.His slightly younger friend Tyler brings over one of his sister's dolls and Jack tells him they can't play with the doll because they are boys.What has Jack learned that he is passing on to Tyler?
A) his sex
B) his sexuality
C) his gender
D) his gender role
Q2) Bisexuals are people who enjoy sexual partners of either sex.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Jimmy is at the pub after a fight with his wife.He is making it clear to any who will listen that he thinks it is ridiculous that his wife would work outside the home.He believes it would be very damaging for his son and daughter to see either of them outside their proper roles.Which of the following perspectives is his reasoning consistent with?
A) conflict theory
B) functionalism
C) feminism
D) postmodernism
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13
Chapter 12: Sociology Of The Body: Disabilities, aging and Death
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125 Verified Questions
125 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the 2006 census,what was the approximate median age of the Canadian population?
A) 30
B) 35
C) 40
D) 45
Q2) What is ableism?
Q3) Based on the research reported in the textbook,which of the following people of equal height is considered "taller"?
A) the restaurant busboy
B) the firefighter
C) the office manager
D) the theatre ticket taker
Q4) The integration of children with special needs into regular child-care settings was one result of which of the following movements?
A) segregation
B) rehabilitation
C) normalization
D) intervention
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Work and The Economy
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146 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Selena works part-time at a grocery store and is hoping to gain enough hours to reach full-time status so she can both pay her rent and eat.In wanting full-time work rather than part-time work,Selena joins what proportion of part-time workers in Canada?
A) one-fifth
B) one-quarter
C) one-third
D) one-half
Q2) Graeme works at a plant that turns trees killed by the pine beetle infestation into beautiful "blue wood" furnishings.Which sector of the economy is he engaged in?
A) the primary sector
B) the secondary sector
C) the tertiary sector
D) the social reproduction sector
Q3) Scientific management is often used to refer to mass production,assembly-line work.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe the three sectors of the economy.
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Chapter 14: Politics
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the effect of the phrase "political involvement decreases with social class"?
A) It provides support for pluralist theory.
B) It calls pluralist theory into question.
C) It supports the notion that only elites are fit to govern.
D) It undermines the idea that elites should govern.
Q2) Which of the following elements of civil society specializes in keeping a close watch on the activities of politicians and the state and informing the public about their activities?
A) interest groups
B) lobbies
C) mass media
D) social movements
Q3) Which of the following nations accounts for one-third of global military spending?
A) Israel
B) North Korea
C) the Democratic Republic of the Congo
D) the United States
Q4) Explain what power is.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Families
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compare and contrast the functionalist,Marxist,and feminist positions on the decline of the family.
Q2) Outline the three sets of social forces that influence whom you are likely to fall in love with and marry.
Q3) According to the research,which of the following children is the most likely to experience significant distress?
A) Jamie, whose parents are together and who fight viciously in front of him all the time
B) Sam, whose tense parents are planning to divorce and who keep their arguments confined to when he is not home
C) April, whose parents have been divorced since she was three and who never sees her father
D) Melody, whose parents recently divorced and whose parents have set up a schedule so that she sees each of them equally, and who are both involved with her school
Q4) What are the main functions of families according to functionalists?
Q5) What is polygamy?
Q6) Explain the functionalist perspective toward the family.
Q7) What is a "local marriage market?"
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Chapter 16: Religion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss what the Protestant ethic is and then explain what the problems are with Max Weber's argument about the Protestant ethic.
Q2) In the past,religious organizations used to oversee most education,but today that is rarely the case.What does this shift illustrate?
A) civil religion theory
B) the profanity thesis
C) the desecularization thesis
D) the revised secularization thesis
Q3) Charisma and religion seldom go together.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Bobbi argues that religions today are nothing but suppliers of various services.She points to the counselling and social networking that many churches offer as proof of her views.Which model are her views central to?
A) the ritual model
B) the sect model
C) the institution model
D) the market model
Q5) Compare and contrast the secularization and the revised secularization theses.
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Chapter 17: Education
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the textbook,which of the following is one rationale for grade inflation?
A) the current generation's technological prowess
B) the sense of entitlement the current generation possesses
C) the fact that the current generation of professors were not trained as rigorously as the current generation of students
D) the fact that professors award grades today based on competence in extra-curricular activities and on leadership skills
Q2) Twenty-two-year-old Jack does not study much for his sociology midterm and writes a mediocre term paper.However,he is infuriated to discover that he is going into his final exam with a grade of a C.Which of the following most likely accounts for his anger at his grade?
A) grade inflation throughout his schooling to this point
B) a belief that the professors at his university mark students unfairly
C) a policy of "bell curving" grades so that his grade reflects other students' bad marks
D) the knowledge that professors give high grades for irrelevant knowledge and fail to recognize adeptness at mastery of things like social media skills
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Chapter 18: The Mass Media
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Sample Questions
Q1) Andrew faithfully reads his subscription to Maclean's magazine and The National Post as a way of staying informed about life in Canada.In doing this,what is Andrew a part of?
A) an imagined community
B) a Canadian fantasy
C) a simulated reality
D) a national web
Q2) Research on television representation points to little change in the way the mass media treats various minority groups.
A)True
B)False
Q3) LMNO Corporation owns a coliseum,a hockey team,several magazines and newspapers,a television network,and various retail outlets.Which of the following concepts does LMNO Corporation exemplify?
A) cross-media control
B) media conglomeration
C) media convergence
D) multimedia concentration
Q4) What are mass media?
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Health and Medicine
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Sample Questions
Q1) What shifted from the number ten cause of death in Canada in 1901 to being the number one cause of death in Canada in 2007?
A) heart disease
B) stroke
C) cancer
D) liver disease/cirrhosis
Q2) Besides higher rates of illness and mortality,what else increases as income decreases?
A) stress
B) public education
C) physical activity
D) prescription drug use
Q3) Which of the following is a social cause of illness and death?
A) exposure to infection
B) personality factors
C) genetic predisposition
D) lifestyle factors
Q4) Contrast health care costs in Canada with health care costs in the United States.
Q5) What are the lifestyle factors associated with poor health and early death?
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Chapter 20: Population and Urbanization
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Sample Questions
Q1) Benny considers himself a Malthusian and agrees with Malthus that there are two undisputable "facts" about people.Which of the following is one of them?
A) People must eat.
B) Agricultural yields are increasing.
C) People are biologically driven to live in groups.
D) People will congregate and create a city, if given enough time.
Q2) According to Marx,what is the cause of overpopulation?
A) exploitation of the proletariat by the bourgeoisie
B) the subjugation of women
C) the declining wages of the lower-class bourgeoisie
D) the increased powerlessness of the middle class
Q3) What did sociologist John Hannigan define as a "money-making machine"?
A) the suburbs
B) the corporate city
C) edge cities
D) the Census Metropolitan Area
Q4) What is the historical pattern of fertility in Europe and North America? How do these trends compare with other parts of the world?
Q5) Outline the four stages of demographic transition theory.
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Chapter 21: Collective Behaviour and Social Movements
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the textbook,to what stage have newer social movements been able to carry the struggle for citizenship rights in Canada?
A) political citizenship
B) civil citizenship
C) universal citizenship
D) global citizenship
Q2) A group of gay and lesbian activists and supporters stage a demonstration at the Alberta Legislature regarding equal rights for same-sex couples.Which theory argues that this particular group would be expected to demonstrate?
A) resource mobilization theory
B) contagion theory
C) breakdown theory
D) solidarity theory
Q3) Compare and contrast resource mobilization,political opportunity,and social control theories.What do we learn about social movements from these perspectives?
Q4) Routine collective actions tend to be short-lived and sometimes violent.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 22: Technology and The Global Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) There is a disturbing association in Canada between high levels of contamination and pollution and which of the following?
A) visible minorities
B) cigarette smokers
C) infant deformities
D) Aboriginal people
Q2) What term does the textbook use to refer to the period of time when the majority of people believed that scientific and technological advances would produce only benefits?
A) the era of naïve optimism
B) the acumen era
C) the scientific era
D) the era of recklessness
Q3) Tristan is concerned with the number of fossil fuel-burning automobiles on the roads today.What is he worried about?
A) the greenhouse effect
B) a decline in biodiversity
C) acid rain
D) genetic pollution
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Page 24