Sociology of Aging Exam Preparation Guide
Course Introduction
Sociology of Aging explores the social, economic, and cultural aspects of aging in contemporary societies. The course examines theories of aging, the roles and status of older adults, and the impact of demographic changes on families, healthcare systems, and social policies. Students analyze issues such as ageism, retirement, intergenerational relationships, and the diverse experiences of aging across different social groups. Through critical discussion and research, the course fosters an understanding of the challenges and opportunities associated with an aging population, encouraging students to consider the implications for individuals, communities, and society at large.
Recommended Textbook
Aging the Individual and Society 9th Edition by Susan M. Hillier
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15 Chapters
970 Verified Questions
970 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Aging in America
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) "Selection for survival" means that members of a society are selected for survival based on
A) their resistance to common causes of death.
B) the nutrition in their diets.
C) the amount of stress in their lifestyle.
D) the safety of their environment.
Answer: A
Q2) The most rapidly growing age group among those over 65 is
A) 65 to 70.
B) 70 to 75.
C) 75 to 80.
D) 85 and older .
Answer: D
Q3) Life expectancy in the United States consistently increased through the 19 and 20 centuries.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Stereotypes and Images
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a phenomenological study of college students attitudes about the elderly,students paid the most attention to
A) mental decline in the later years.
B) physical appearance and capabilities.
C) personality differences compared to their own generation.
D) economic dependence on their families and society.
Answer: B
Q2) Ageism exhibited by an untrusting,insecure person is most likely to be explained by the psychological theory of A) frustration-aggression.
B) selective perception.
C) authoritarian personality.
D) communication accommodation.
Answer: C
Q3) According to Kaufman,the ageless self draws meaning from what?
A) the past
B) structural aspects
C) social and educational background
D) all of these choices
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Social and Psychological Theories in Later Life Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jung's concept of interiority refers to the
A) influence of internal physiological processes on human development.
B) process of self-reflection that begins to take place about mid-life.
C) mature individual's focus on his or her inner circle of friends and family.
D) unconscious motivations that derive from past experiences.
Answer: B
Q2) Levinson's explains that through our life structure we are able to address the question,"What kind of person am I?"
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) All of the following will promote optimal aging in late life,according to Havighurst,EXCEPT
A) adjusting to decreasing physical strength and health.
B) adopting and adapting societal roles in a flexible way.
C) establishing an explicit association with a younger age group.
D) establishing satisfactory physical arrangements.
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Physical Health and Well Being
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to your text,what kind of exercise is specifically stated to benefit the elderly?
A) aerobic
B) strength training and flexibility exercises
C) bicycling
D) tennis
Q2) A major study of those over 100 years of age found that they died of organic failure due to all of the following EXCEPT
A) cerebrovascular disease.
B) respiratory illnesses.
C) cardiovascular diseases.
D) old age.
Q3) Absolute human life span is the maximum chronological age that a human can live. A)True
B)False
Q4) The most common cause of accidental death among the elderly is A) automobile accidents.
B) burns.
C) falls.
D) drowning.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Mental Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) Define functional disorders.
Q2) How does memory and learning change with age? What can help maintain memory in old age?
Q3) Which of the following is more likely to be a problem with a cross-sectional,than a longitudinal study?
A) Sample sizes are small.
B) Repeated presentation of material creates learning.
C) Younger generations do not do as well on standardized tests.
D) The final measures are obtained from survivors-those who are most robust and healthy.
Q4) Which of the following illustrates motor performance?
A) smelling the odor of coffee
B) hearing your neighbor calling his dog
C) pressing a button to turn on a television
D) seeing car lights on a dark night
Q5) Constantly washing one's hands is a symptom of A) social phobia.
B) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
C) generalized anxiety disorder.
D) a depressive disorder.
7
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Chapter 6: Friends,family,and Community
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Sample Questions
Q1) In terms of level of obligation within the family,sibling ties are more binding than that of marriage of parent to child.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Bonds between ____________ tend to be second only to mother-child ties in intensity and complexity.
A) siblings
B) husband and wife
C) father and child
D) grandparents and grandchildren
Q3) Studies of equity and morale have found
A) under-benefited women had very low morale.
B) the over-benefited women had the highest morale.
C) the equitably benefited women had the highest morale.
D) morale was highest among independent women, those not involved in an equitable relationship.
Q4) Women are more likely than men to look forward to the role of grandparent.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Why are women the keepers of elders' social networks?
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Intimacy and Sexuality
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63 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research on sexuality shows
A) sexual identity is static over the life course.
B) sexuality is more about satisfying biological drives than loving and bonding.
C) sexual relationships in later life are similar regardless of culture or age cohort.
D) sexuality is central to our lives even in chronic illness or death of a spouse.
Q2) Studies of the effects of retirement on marriage shows
A) retirement generally enhances marital satisfaction for the wife and reduces it for the husband.
B) marital conflict is more likely to occur if the wife is still employed.
C) most women report their housework decreases because household division of labor becomes more equitable.
D) women are dissatisfied if their husband begins to assume their traditional roles, such as cooking.
Q3) Greater knowledge about sexuality and later life is associated with more permissive sexual attitudes.
A)True
B)False
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9
Chapter 8: Work and Leisure
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Sample Questions
Q1) Polls reveal that the older the person,the less content they are with the time they have.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A study of beliefs about older workers found
A) younger workers tended to have generally negative beliefs about older workers.
B) older workers had more positive beliefs about older workers than did younger workers.
C) younger supervisors may have lower expectations of older workers.
D) direct, frequent experience with older workers did not change negative beliefs of younger workers.
Q3) A primary reason for early retirement inducements offered by corporations is
A) older workers are less reliable because of health problems.
B) to make room for the ever increasing supply of younger workers.
C) companies have to pay more money in insurance benefits for older than younger workers.
D) to downsize operations in order to cut costs and reduce the number of employees aged 50 and over.
Q4) What factors affect adjustment to and satisfaction with retirement?
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Finances and Lifestyles
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Sample Questions
Q1) Contrast the problems of the urban and rural poor elderly. How do their attitudes differ?
Q2) About twenty-five percent of the nation's hospitals have "boarder elderly" who A) remain in hospitals because they cannot find affordable nursing home accommodations.
B) suffer from chronic illnesses that require more intensive care than nursing homes can provide.
C) elderly hypochondriacs who are not really sick but think they are.
D) elderly patients who return to the hospital frequently for treatment of acute conditions, such as flu and pneumonia.
Q3) Medigap policies are
A) government subsidized insurance policies for the elderly to cover long-term nursing home care.
B) supplemental government-funded insurance for the oldest-old (age 80 and up).
C) policies sold by private companies to provide health care protection that Medicare does not provide.
D) insurance policies provided by the government for people 55 years of age and older who choose to retire but do not yet qualify for Social Security.
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Chapter 10: Living Environments
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Sample Questions
Q1) The reason(s)many older adults downsize include(s)
A) the family's request.
B) upkeep is easier and taxes are lower.
C) pressure from neighborhood.
D) death of a spouse.
Q2) Thirty percent of elderly homeowners pay about 25 percent of their income for shelter compared to _____ percent of elderly renters.
A) 40
B) 55
C) 67
D) 82
Q3) If you were choosing a nursing home for an aged relative,what things should you look for in a potential home?
Q4) Amenity relocation refers to moving to
A) the same community as one's children and grandchildren.
B) a resort location comprised of young and old.
C) an age-homogenous community for one's retirement pleasure.
D) an assisted living facility that provides activities as well as meals and other services.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: The Oldest Old and Caregiving
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56 Verified Questions
56 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A research study reported that _______ of daughter caregivers felt they were not doing enough for their mothers.
A) 1/4
B) 1/3
C) 1/2
D) 3/4
Q2) Coping techniques and abilities are the same for everyone.
A)True
B)False
Q3) ______ percent of the oldest old live in the household of an adult child or other person.
A) 5
B) 15
C) 25
D) 35
Q4) What motivates adult children to care for their aging parents?
A) guilt, affection, and gratitude
B) peer pressure
C) government regulations
D) All of these choices
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Special Problems
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Sample Questions
Q1) The vehicle of choice for fraud today is
A) door-to-door sales.
B) telephones.
C) e-mail scams.
D) television ads.
Q2) Explain the ways in which the elderly are targets of fraud and what can be done to help protect the elderly against fraud and other forms of crime and abuse?
Q3) Elderly shoplifters are most likely to be
A) white males.
B) white females.
C) African American males.
D) African American females.
Q4) Treatment for late onset alcoholism is geared towards help for depression and loneliness and includes
A) rebuilding social networks.
B) psychotropic drugs.
C) counseling.
D) specialized Alcoholics Anonymous meetings.
Q5) What are the effects of criminal attack on the elderly?
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Chapter 13: Women and Ethnic Groups
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70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Fear of aging prevents,rather than causes,self-neglect.
A)True
B)False
Q2) All of the following characterizes Hispanic elders EXCEPT
A) a high percentage live below poverty level.
B) they receive inadequate health care.
C) they have high illiteracy rates.
D) the majority of Mexican American elders were foreign born.
Q3) Compared with other minority elders,African American elders
A) have higher incomes.
B) are less likely to be crime victims.
C) have poorer quality housing.
D) are more likely to be married.
Q4) The most rural ethnic group in the country is
A) Mexican Americans.
B) Native Americans.
C) African Americans.
D) Chinese Americans.
Q5) What can be done to improve the economic and health status of ethnic elders?
Page 15
Q6) How does the double standard of aging affect women?
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Chapter 14: Death and Dying
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Sample Questions
Q1) All fifty states have legislation allowing for living wills.
A)True
B)False
Q2) "Death with dignity"
A) refers to the right to choose one's manner of death.
B) is best achieved by actively engaging life up until the moment of death.
C) may communicate to individuals certain expectations for their behavior as they die.
D) is best achieved in an institutional setting where professionals can attend to the dying person's needs.
Q3) Fear of death appears to be greatest in
A) young adulthood.
B) early middle-age.
C) late middle-age.
D) old age.
Q4) What evidence suggests ours is a death-denying society? What factors contribute to the impersonalization of death in our modern society?
Q5) What problems do doctors and other hospital staff face in caring for dying patients? What can be done to help them resolve these problems?
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Chapter 15: Politics, policies, and Programs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following factors is LEAST important when older voter turnout is low?
A) gender
B) age
C) ethnic minority
D) education
Q2) The National Council on the Aging
A) specializes in lobbying for Social Security and Medicare benefits.
B) has branches in every state in the United States.
C) is comprised of mostly retired federal employees.
D) is a confederation of social welfare agencies and professionals in the field of aging.
Q3) Social Security is an intergenerational safety net to reduce poverty.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The Gray Panthers
A) is a radical nonviolent movement.
B) limits membership to people age 55 or above.
C) is supported by government grants and membership dues.
D) is headquartered in Los Angeles, California.
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