Sociology in Everyday Life Final Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Sociology in Everyday Life explores the ways in which social structures, cultural norms, and interpersonal relationships shape our daily experiences and actions. This course introduces students to fundamental sociological concepts such as roles, statuses, institutions, and identity, and examines how these elements influence behaviors, beliefs, and interactions within various contexts family, education, work, media, and more. Through case studies, discussions, and practical examples, students learn to critically analyze the hidden influences of society in routine activities, fostering a deeper understanding of how individual lives are interconnected with broader social patterns.
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SOC 4th edition by Nijole V. Benokraitis
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1280 Verified Questions
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Chapter 1: Thinking Like a Sociologist
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Sample Questions
Q1) In industrial capitalist systems, workers feel _____ because they don't own or control either the means of production or the product.
A) alienated
B) cohesive
C) harmonious
D) socially static
E) socially dynamic
Answer: A
Q2) Conflict theorists see disagreement and the resulting changes in society as natural, inevitable, and even desirable.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Émile Durkheim is known as the "father of sociology."
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Examining Our Social World
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ is a relationship in which one variable is the direct consequence of another.
A) Correlation
B) Castigation
C) Causation
D) Cognition
E) Cohesion
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following is true of sociological research?
A) It is based on a handing down of customs from generation to generation.
B) It is a socially accepted source of information.
C) It is misleading and wrong at a macro level.
D) It is based on tradition and authority.
E) It helps explain why people behave as they do.
Answer: E
Q3) Research findings often challenge personal attitudes and beliefs that people cherish.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following most accurately defines a symbol?
A) A symbol is anything that stands for something else and has a particular meaning for people who share a culture.
B) A symbol refers to a strong prohibition of any act that is forbidden because it is considered to be extremely offensive.
C) A symbol is a formally defined norm about what is permissible or illegal.
D) A symbol refers to norms that people consider very important because they maintain moral and ethical behavior.
E) A symbol is a formal and repeated behavior that unites people.
Answer: A
Q2) Identify a general characteristic of norms.
A) They are instrumental.
B) They are always written down.
C) They are constant across cultures.
D) They are always flexible.
E) They are unconditional.
Answer: A
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Socialization
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Sample Questions
Q1) The parts of the brain responsible for controlling impulses, avoiding risky behavior, and planning ahead are:
A) latent throughout one's life.
B) disrupted due to raging hormones.
C) developed in the preteen years.
D) among the last to mature.
E) innate characteristics of every child.
Q2) According to symbolic interaction theories, _____ lack a sense of self, an awareness of their social identity.
A) elderly people
B) adults
C) teenagers
D) newborn infants
E) toddlers
Q3) Functionalists tell people how socialization works on a micro level.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The concept of the looking-glass self was proposed by Charles Horton Cooley.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Social Interaction in Everyday Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is status? Illustrate with examples.
Q2) In the context of the consistent research findings across cultures, it is evident that men smile more than women.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is an example of a status that is relational or complementary?
A) A Latino having a male friend
B) An employee having a brother
C) A lawyer having a sister
D) A doctor having a patient
E) A child having a pet
Q4) _____ is the study of how people construct and learn to share definitions of reality that make everyday interactions possible.
A) Dramaturgical analysis
B) Ethnomethodology
C) Ethnography
D) Frame analysis
E) Autoethnography
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Chapter 6: Social Groups, Organizations, and Social Institutions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sports teams, labor unions, and a company's employees are examples of _____.
A) primary groups
B) dyads
C) out-groups
D) secondary groups
E) triads
Q2) _____ is criticized for assuming that greater equality always leads to a more successful and productive organization.
A) The feminist theory
B) The conflict theory
C) Symbolic interactionism
D) Functionalism
E) Utilitarianism
Q3) Which of the following is an advantage of bureaucracies?
A) They are efficient and predictable.
B) They have a strong reward system.
C) They have flexible and adaptable rules.
D) They give people a sense of belonging and oneness.
E) They follow a democratic system of operations.
Q4) What are the five major social institutions?
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Chapter 7: Deviance, Crime, and Social Control
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the context of Merton's strain theory of deviance, people in the _____ mode reject both the goals and the means for success.
A) conformity
B) innovation
C) ritualism
D) retreatism
E) rebellion
Q2) Aaron and his friends engage in illegal activities online.They sell cars online for a full or partial payment, but they not deliver the vehicle.At times, they also ask for the Social Security Numbers of unassuming buyers in the pretense of verifying their credibility.In this case, Aaron and his friends are engaged in _____.
A) computer crime
B) victimless crime
C) blue-collar crime
D) corporate crime
E) organizational crime
Q3) Deviance does not vary in terms of time, situation, group, or culture.
A)True
B)False
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Social Stratification: United States and Global
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Q1) How do the members of the upper-middle class differ from those in the lower-middle class?
A) Unlike upper-middle class, those in the lower-middle class have less autonomy and freedom from supervision in their jobs.
B) Unlike upper-middle class, those in the lower-middle live on earned income rather than accumulated or inherited wealth.
C) Unlike upper-middle class, those in the lower-middle class don't require a college education for their jobs.
D) Unlike upper-middle-class, those in the lower-middle class are relatively isolated from the rest of the population.
E) Unlike upper-middle-class, those in the lower-middle class work in minimum wage jobs, or are often unemployed.
Q2) Discuss the symbolic interactionists' perspective on social stratification.
Q3) Since ascribed characteristics can change, people in open stratification systems can move from one social class to another.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Gender and Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true in the context of gender, family life, and work conflicts?
A) Mothers spend four hours a week, on an average, doing household repairs and maintenance.
B) Mothers spend more hours each week in paid work than do fathers.
C) Fathers are much more likely than mothers to worry about not spending enough time with their children.
D) Ninety-five percent of fathers say it is difficult to juggle work and family responsibility.
E) Since 1965, fathers have spent more time in paid work and less time on child care and housework.
Q2) George is a job seeker whose education and vocational training is a part of his human capital.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Discuss the views in favor of and against abortion.
Q4) Define gender.
Q5) Describe occupational sex segregation.
Q6) Explain gender stratification in family life.
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Chapter 10: Race and Ethnicity
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Q1) Which of the following statements is true of white Anglo-Saxon Protestants (WASPs)?
A) They generally looked down on later waves of immigrants from southern and eastern Europe.
B) They viewed later waves of European immigrants as superior, hard-working, and civilized.
C) They shared the same language and religion with later waves of European immigrants.
D) They were all affluent and had no criminal backgrounds.
E) They included immigrants from Australia and New Zealand.
Q2) Children of immigrants are less likely than their U.S.-born peers to live in a two-parent household.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is a minority? Discuss the characteristics of a minority.
Q4) Describe pluralism.
Q5) Describe genocide.Provide historical examples of genocide.
Q6) Prejudiced discriminators are unwilling to defy laws to express their beliefs.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
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Chapter 11: The Economy and Politics
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Sample Questions
Q1) A(n) _____ is the domination of a particular market or industry by one person or company.
A) monarchy
B) monopoly
C) oligopoly
D) duopoly
E) anarchy
Q2) Discouraged workers are people who have part-time jobs but want full-time work or whose jobs are below their experience, skill, and education levels.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In socialism, the state is responsible for all economic planning and programs.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Define authority.Briefly discuss the various forms of authority.
Q5) Critically evaluate the functionalists' perspective on political power.
Q6) Describe the functionalists' perspective on the economy and its impact on society.
Q7) Discuss the factors that have contributed to the surge in women's employment.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Families and Aging
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Sample Questions
Q1) In industrialized societies, married couples are typically neolocal.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In Western societies, the typical family form is the _____, composed of married parents and their biological or adopted children.
A) nuclear family
B) foster family
C) extended family
D) patriarchal family
E) matriarchal family
Q3) Explain exogamy with an example.
Q4) About 84 percent of unmarried Americans say that love is a very important reason to marry.This is an example of a _____ for falling marriage and divorce rates.
A) macro-level reason
B) micro-level reason
C) surface-level reason
D) mid-level reason
E) lower-level reason
Q5) What are the three residence patterns?
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Chapter 13: Education and Religion
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to functionalists, in which of the following ways does society benefit from religion?
A) Religion decreases gender discrimination and inequality.
B) Religion provides equal access for all groups.
C) Religion rewards people because of their individual accomplishments.
D) Religion promotes tolerance toward minorities.
E) Religion provides meaning in life and offers hope for the future.
Q2) Many symbolic interactionists maintain that tracking:
A) creates and reinforces inequality.
B) causes gender imbalance.
C) restricts mobility because of a hidden curriculum.
D) create social networks.
E) lessens social class achievement gaps.
Q3) Discuss the characteristics of a church.
Q4) Double segregation refers to separating students not only by race but also by income.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Based on the symbolic interactionists' perspective, identify the most common means of learning and internalizing religion.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Health and Medicine
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Parsons' model, sick people are responsible for their condition and have no legitimate reasons for not performing their usual social roles.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Explain drug-pricing in the United States.
Q3) According to the _____ perspective, the medical establishment is a powerful social control agent.
A) constructivist
B) symbolic interactionist
C) functionalist
D) fundamentalist
E) conflict
Q4) Which of the following is a similarity between the assertions of feminist and conflict theorists?
A) Both emphasize that the medical system has concern for people.
B) Both emphasize that illness is dysfunctional.
C) Both emphasize the concept of the sick role.
D) Both emphasize that men control women's health.
E) Both emphasize the connection between health and inequality.
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Chapter 15: Population, Urbanization, and the Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the concept of edge cities and exurbs.
Q2) A population pyramid is a graphic depiction of a population's total fertility rate over a decade.
A)True
B)False
Q3) If Bryan moved from New Zealand to London, he will be an emigrant in London.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following statements is true of the environment?
A) Less than 10 percent of food gets wasted in the United States.
B) Food wastage percentage was the highest during the 1970s.
C) Up to 1,000 people in the United States get sick from polluted beach water.
D) Only 0.01 percent of the pesticides used in the United States reaches the intended target.
E) Pesticide contamination of food, water, and air was the least in 2014 according to research.
Q5) The growth or decline of population involves three key factors: fertility, mortality, and migration.
A)True
B)False
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Social Change: Collective Behavior, Social Movements,
and Technology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nina is part of a group that was formed to prevent cruelty toward animals.They organize fund raisers, promote vegetarianism, and conduct stage protests against organizations that test products on animals.Which of the following social movements best describes the social act of Nina and her group?
A) Resistance social movement
B) Alternative social movement
C) Revolutionary social movement
D) Reformative social movement
E) Redemptive social movement
Q2) Describe any two types of social movements.
Q3) Which of the following theories states that social movements offer a sense of belonging to people who feel alienated and disconnected from others?
A)
Symbolic interaction theory
B) New social movements theory
C) Resource mobilization theory
D) Relative deprivation theory
E) Mass society theory
Q4) Critically evaluate the relative deprivation theory of social movement.
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