Sociology for the Social Sciences Exam Review
Course Introduction
Sociology for the Social Sciences introduces students to the fundamental concepts, theories, and methods of sociology with a particular focus on their application across the social sciences. The course explores how individuals, groups, and institutions interact within society, examining issues such as culture, socialization, inequality, and social change. Students will learn to analyze social structures and processes, and gain critical insights into topics such as family, education, gender, race, and class. Emphasis is placed on sociological research methods and their relevance for interdisciplinary inquiry, preparing students to apply a sociological perspective within various fields of the social sciences.
Recommended Textbook
Sociology Your Compass for a New World 4th Canadian Edition by Robert Brym
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22 Chapters
2922 Verified Questions
2922 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: A Sociological Compass
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140 Verified Questions
140 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Through which of the following unethically managed companies did the textbook note that thousands of Canadians lost billions of dollars?
A) Enron
B) Tyco
C) Nortel
D) Hollinger International
Answer: C
Q2) According to the textbook,why are suicide rates among the Innu of Labrador the highest in the world?
A) because the Innu are a nomadic people who rely upon hunting and trapping
B) because most Innu youth are engaged in sniffing gasoline to get high and alcohol abuse
C) because the Innu's traditional lands, practices, norms, and values have been destroyed
D) because government assistance in the forms of welfare and education were cut back
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: How Sociologists Do Research
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168 Verified Questions
168 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If the association between two variables is accidental and not causal,what do we call the relationship between the two variables?
A) a connected relationship
B) a independent relationship
C) a dependent relationship
D) a spurious relationship
Answer: D
Q2) Two sociologists studying a new religious movement are concerned that their interpretations are consistent.What issue are the two sociologists concerned about?
A) variability
B) correlation
C) validity
D) reliability
Answer: D
Q3) Describe the conditions that must be met in demonstrating causality?
Answer: Responses will vary.
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Chapter 3: Culture
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134 Verified Questions
134 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following sociological concepts does the movie Borat (2006)demonstrate?
A) cultural myopia
B) ethnocentrism
C) cultural rites of passage
D) entropy
Answer: B
Q2) Who consumes high culture?
A) primarily the middle class
B) primarily the upper class
C) primarily the lower class
D) women more so than men
Answer: B
Q3) How much evidence is there for a link between specific genes and specific social arrangements and behaviours?
A) none
B) very little
C) quite a bit
D) a lot
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Socialization
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137 Verified Questions
137 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The goal of adaption is to gain which of the following from the environment?
A) compliance
B) cooperation
C) coercion
D) consideration
Q2) You are at a party where people are consuming drugs that your parents told you were dangerous.You imagine what your mother would tell you if she learned about your circumstance.In this situation,which of the following is your social environment?
A) the party attendees, you, but not your mother
B) your mother but not you and the party attendees
C) your mother and the party attendees
D) you, your mother, and the party attendees
Q3) What do we call a category of people composed of individuals who are not necessarily friends but are about the same age and of similar status?
A) a status group
B) a peer group
C) a statistical cohort
D) a status set
Q4) Compare primary and secondary socialization.
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Chapter 5: Social Interaction
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126 Verified Questions
126 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How do norms,roles,and statuses influence social interaction?
Q2) Select a major social institution and demonstrate how interaction in that institution is based on domination,competition,and/or cooperation.
Q3) Which of the following is critical to behaving in an altruistic or heroic manner?
A) empathy
B) self-reflection
C) a high level of emotional intelligenced:.a desire to change the world
Q4) Matthew decides to try an experiment to see how people react when he walks beside them,slowing his pace when they do,and speeding up when they do.What kind of experiment is he engaged in?
A) a dramaturgical one
B) an ethnomethodological one
C) an anomic one
D) an impression management one
Q5) Show how emotions can be shaped by social forces.
Q6) A cluster of roles attached to a single status is called a role set.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Networks, groups, bureaucracies and Societies
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149 Verified Questions
149 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How many dyadic relationships are possible between four individuals?
A) two
B) three
C) six
D) nine
Q2) How can those who helped to save the lives of prisoners during the Holocaust be best described,compared to those who either actively participated in the killings or who pretended not to know what was happening?
A) Those who helped to save the prisoners were more conformist.
B) Those who helped to save the prisoners were more poorly socialized.
C) Those who helped to save the prisoners appreciated Jewish culture more.
D) Those who helped to save the prisoners were more devoutly religious.
Q3) Identify some of the inefficiencies of bureaucracies.
Q4) According to Rosabeth Moss Kanter's research on women in organizations during the 1970s,what held women back from entering the top echelons of most organizations?
A) their lack of managerial knowledge
B) policies that discriminated against women as managers
C) their lack of informal networks with men in the organizations
D) their use of informal networks at their organizations for social reasons
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Chapter 7: Deviance and Crime
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131 Verified Questions
131 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What do we call minor acts of deviance?
A) social deviations
B) social diversions
C) conflict crimes
D) consensus crimes
Q2) Michael has been imprisoned since the age of 14.Based on what is known about prisons as agents of socialization,which of the following is the most likely outcome for Michael?
A) life as a career criminal
B) partial reform
C) full reform
D) early death
Q3) The crime rate for Aboriginals in Canada is the highest of any identifiable group.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Are "consensus crimes" such as homicide defined identically in all societies at all times? Why or why not? Defend your position through the use of examples.
Q5) Name and describe the main sources of statistics on crime in Canada.
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Chapter 8: Social Stratification
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128 Verified Questions
128 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Barbara firmly believes that poor people cannot help their situations because they have no control over having been taught low self-esteem and low motivation,they lack the ability to put off instant gratification,and they don't have a proper work ethic.Which of the following explanations does her thinking represent?
A) a culture-of-poverty thesis
B) a transmission-of-values thesis
C) a social-learning hypothesis
D) a poverty-mentality-value-transmission thesis
Q2) Compare and contrast intragenerational and intergenerational mobility.
Q3) Approximately what percentage of Canadian children lived in a low-income situation between 2002 and 2007?
A) 10 percent
B) 15 percent
C) 20 percent
D) 25 percent
Q4) Over time,Canada has worked out an objective,universally agreed-upon definition of poverty.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Globalization, inequality, and Development
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137 Verified Questions
137 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a globalized world,little influences anything else.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Discuss the benefits and the drawbacks of the promotion of world democracy by the West.
Q3) Extrapolating from the 1998 numbers given in the textbook,what would it cost annually to provide water and sanitation for everyone in the world?
A) $12 billion
B) $18 billion
C) $24 billion
D) $26 billion
Q4) With the development of transnational bodies and treaties,the autonomy of national governments has increased.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss the factors leading to globalization
Q6) What is the purpose of the World Trade Organization (WTO),and what kind of reception has greeted its meetings in different parts of the world?
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Chapter 10: Race and Ethnicity
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128 Verified Questions
128 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Mi'kmaq,the Coast Salish,and the Mohawk are all examples of which of the following in Canada?
A) ethnic groups
B) races
C) assimilators
D) majority groups
Q2) Explain how social structural conditions shape "race" and ethnicity.
Q3) Which of the following terms describes the actions of the British through the eighteenth century in India?
A) genocide
B) expulsion
C) internal colonialism
D) colonialism
Q4) Explain what the authors of the textbook mean by this statement: "Change your social context and your racial and ethnic self-conception eventually changes too."
Q5) Discuss to what extent some ethnic groups in Canada may become "transnational communities," and what this could imply for their future?
Q6) What is the definition of "race" and why do many academics not use it?
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Chapter 11: Sexualities and Gender Stratification
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144 Verified Questions
144 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the influence of mass media on gender and gender identity.
Q2) Hanne lives in one of the world's most gender-equal nations.In which of the following countries does she most likely live?
A) Canada
B) Norway
C) United States
D) Japan
Q3) According to some recent studies,some women will engage in same-sex activities just to turn on watching men.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Why do many parents socialize their sons and daughters differently? What are the social consequences of these patterns for the children later in their lives?
Q5) In what year is the gendered wage gap predicted to be completely eliminated?
A) 2012
B) 2045
C) 2067
D) 2085
Q6) Describe what is meant by the term "essentialism."
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Sociology Of The Body: Disabilities, aging and Death
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125 Verified Questions
125 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Having a restaurant with narrow doors into the washrooms is an example of which of the following?
A) disability
B) prejudice
C) ableism
D) normalization
Q2) Senior women experience more significant issues with poverty than senior men.Generally speaking,what is this phenomenon a consequence of?
A) the societal double standard
B) past gendered division of labour
C) a combination of ageism and sexism
D) women living past their expected life expectancy
Q3) Define what life expectancy is.
Q4) Based on the research reported in the textbook,which of the following people of equal height is considered "taller"?
A) the restaurant busboy
B) the firefighter
C) the office manager
D) the theatre ticket taker
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Chapter 13: Work and The Economy
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146 Verified Questions
146 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss what corporations are and what influence they have on the Canadian economy.
Q2) Computers extend and increase high levels of skill,while at the same time,computers replace low-skill jobs.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following principles was advocated by the human relations school of management?
A) more authoritarian leadership
B) less formal training of personnel
C) random selection of personnel
D) more attention to job satisfaction
Q4) Which of the following principles is advocated by the human relations school of management?
A) less attention to unclear demands by workers
B) more careful selection and training of personnel
C) greater attention to corporate management
D) increased authoritarian leadership on the job
Q5) Discuss the major revolutions in the form and nature of the economy.
Q6) What is the "time crunch" and why is it happening?
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Politics
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137 Verified Questions
137 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What evidence do critics of pluralism have to counter the pluralist theory? Which position do you support and why?
Q2) Which of the following models is most likely to argue that representative democracies ensure that no one group can have over power the others and that individual rights will be protected?
A) the state-centred model
B) the elite model
C) the power resource model
D) the pluralist model
Q3) When the populace recognizes the right of rulers to rule,what does power become?
A) influence
B) authority
C) social control
D) approval
Q4) In authoritarian societies,citizen control of the state is sharply restricted.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss the postmaterialism school of thought and the links to voting behaviour and unorthodox political action on the part of many Canadians.
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Chapter 15: Families
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134 Verified Questions
134 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) While there is a gendered division of labour in foraging societies,what else is there evidence of?
A) The gendered division of labour is increasing.
B) The gendered division of labour is disappearing.
C) Men often tend to babies and children.
D) Women are usually the hunters and fishers.
Q2) Which of the following married couples is the most likely to share domestic responsibilities equitably?
A) Bryan and Ricardo, who have engineering degrees
B) Jyoti and Kash, who have college certificates
C) Joanie and Byron, who have high-school diplomas
D) Ricky and Bernice, who have grade 7 and grade 9 educations
Q3) Which of the following right-to-life activists are most likely to commit violence in the name of preventing abortions?
A) adult males
B) adult females
C) teen girls
D) teen boys
Q4) Identify the main changes made to Canadian divorce law in recent decades.
Q5) What did Friedrich Engels conclude about gender,family inequality,and society?
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Religion
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119 Verified Questions
119 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following best reflects a key similarity across the world's great religions?
A) They did not develop from charismatic personalities.
B) They are similar to Weber's idea of bureaucracy.
C) They preach the inevitability of social inequality.
D) They all have versions of the Protestant ethic in their teachings.
Q2) Feminism's main critique of religion is that it is patriarchal.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Some religious leaders and their followers believe the leader is inspired by mystical powers.What do we call these leaders?
A) authoritarian leaders
B) charismatic leaders
C) transcendent leaders
D) mystical leaders
Q4) Which religion arose 3800 to 4000 years ago?
A) Buddhism
B) Christianity
C) Judaism
D) Islam
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Chapter 17: Education
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126 Verified Questions
126 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mass schooling is a traditional phenomenon and closely tied to feudalism and the effective management of an agrarian economy.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Despite the fact that Jill is from a working-class background,she consistently achieves the highest grades in her classes.What does her success demonstrate?
A) professionalization
B) meritocracy
C) cultural capital
D) credential inflation
Q3) From kindergarten through university,students are systematically taught to accept the curricula,routines,and grading systems imposed upon them by teaching personnel.Students are punished in various ways for non-compliance.What concept does this whole situation illustrate?
A) the existing stratification system
B) the self-fulfilling prophecy
C) false consciousness
D) the hidden curriculum
Q4) What sociological theme is apparent in the movie The Great Debaters?
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Chapter 18: The Mass Media
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Outline the changing characteristics of media ownership in Canada.
Q2) What significant technology was invented by Johannes Gutenberg?
A) the telegraph
B) the World Wide Web
C) the printing press
D) the microcomputer
Q3) Award-winning author Saul Bellow (1964)stated that "a scandal [is] after all a sort of service to the community." Which of the following ideas does this statement reflect?
A) Scandals provide good entertainment value.
B) Scandals demonstrate which behaviours fall within and outside acceptable boundaries.
C) Scandals are enjoyed by people of all classes and therefore bring people together.
D) Scandals socialize children by providing role models and showing them how to act.
Q4) Why are access to the Internet and Internet content important issues in global and national perspective?
Q5) Compare and contrast functionalist and conflict theories on media effects.
Q6) Outline interpretive approaches to mass media.
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Health and Medicine
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126 Verified Questions
126 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Professionalization is the process by which members lose control of their occupation to other agencies.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Define the professionalization of medicine.
Q3) According to the textbook,in which of the following nations are people deprived of 42 years of life?
A) the United States
B) Lesotho
C) India
D) Russia
Q4) How does "race" and ethnicity affect health and health care in Canada?
Q5) Which of the following nations spent the largest proportion of their GDP on health care in 2006?
A) India
B) Japan
C) Canada
D) the United States
Q6) Explain what the textbook means by "the political sociology of mental illness."
Q7) What are the lifestyle factors associated with poor health and early death?
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Chapter 20: Population and Urbanization
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130 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What term refers to the average number of children born to a woman over her lifetime,assuming she hasthe same number of children as other women in her age cohort?
A) the birth rate
B) the crude birth rate
C) the fertility rate
D) the total fertility rate
Q2) Many places in India are characterized by having a large proportion of the population die each year from disease,poor sanitation and hunger.At which stage of the demographic transition theory are these places?
A) preindustrial period
B) transitional period
C) early industrial period
D) explosive period
Q3) Human ecology holds that three processes stimulate the growth of cities: gentrification,peripheralization,and corporatization.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How did the government of Kerala,India,solve its overpopulation problem?
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Chapter 21: Collective Behaviour and Social Movements
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Sample Questions
Q1) Protesters were able to use modern technology to go global,creating the "Arab Spring" in 2011 and spurring the North American and European "Occupy" movement.Is this the wave of the future for historically excluded groups and categories of people?
Q2) Involvement in a social movement is likely to require more of a sacrifice than most Twitter followers and Facebook friends are prepared to take on.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Collective action and social movements do not occur only when disadvantaged groups become more powerful.Under which of the following other conditions do opportunities for protest occur?
A) when elites struggle against social movement formation
B) when elites focus on protecting their privilege
C) when elites become weak and divisive
D) when elites begin to sympathize with the disadvantaged
Q4) Discuss Greenpeace as an example of the potential of new social movements to become global.
Q5) How did the B.C.Forest Alliance try to disalign the way its opponents framed the issues?
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Page 23
Chapter 22: Technology and The Global Environment
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122 Verified Questions
122 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What term does the textbook use to refer to precipitation that causes the destruction of various ecosystems?
A) acid rain
B) toxic rain
C) contam-i-rain
D) tech-rain
Q2) Who is responsible for the creation of most technological innovations? Is this a beneficial arrangement for most of humanity?
Q3) What effect did the invention of the steam engine and the internal combustion engine have during the Industrial Revolution?
A) They caused the growth of industry.
B) They were technological determinants of history.
C) They transformed society when the need arose.
D) They slowed the pace of reckless industrial growth.
Q4) How did "high tech" become "big tech?" What does this say about the creation and diffusion of technology?
Q5) What is technology?
Q6) What are normal accidents?
Q7) What is a risk society?
24
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